浅谈国有林场森林分类经营

本文结合大兴安岭地区加格达奇林业局国有林场的实际经营情况，论述了国有林场实行森林分类经营的必要性、并对经营管理体制与措施进行了探讨。     

微卫星DNA在动物亲子鉴定中的应用及研究进展

本文概述了微卫星DNA进行亲子鉴定的基本原理与方法,将其用于亲子鉴定的优点以及研究进展,最后对未来的应用进行了展望。     

国外粮食物流的走向及我国的应对举措

科学、合理地组织粮食物流对降低粮食流通成本,提高粮食流通效率具有十分关键的作用.本文分析和总结了发达国家发展粮食物流的经验、面临的问题和未来的趋势及走向,在此基础上,就如何借鉴国外经验,依据WTO和市场经济发展的要求并结合我国粮食生产、流通的客观实际采取有效措施,促进我国粮食物流科学化运作和管理提出了一些具体的构想.意在对符合我国粮食流通规律和产销特点的粮食物流新格局的形成起到促进作用.     

森林经营与可持续发展战略的探讨

森林对改善生态环境、维护生态平衡、保护人类生存和发展起着决定性作用。国有重点林区担负着生态、社会、经济多种功能。由于国有林区长期依赖林木采伐的思想,使人们的经营理念受到限制,制定林区长期发展规划和发展战略将成为我省森工林区加强生态建设和森林资源林政管理系统建设中长期发展目标的指导性文件。     

银松素类衍生物分子的几何结构和光谱性质

采用密度泛函理论(Density functional theory,DFT)方法研究了7个银松素衍生物分子的结构和光谱性质。在B3LYP/6-311G**理论级别上优化了它们的几何结构,通过频率计算拟合了分子的红外振动光谱:具有共轭芳烃特征的银松素衍生物体系在1650~1450cm-1具有高红外活性的苯环伸缩振动峰,而双键在1690cm-1附近的特征伸缩振动是偶级对称振动,不产生高强度红外光谱吸收峰;在高频区(3830cm-1)观察到羟基的O-H键伸缩振动谱带。采用含时密度泛函理论(Time-dependent Density functional theory,TD-DFT)方法和极化连续介质模型(Polarized Continuum Model,PCM)计算了上述分子在CHCl3溶液中的电子吸收光谱,计算揭示吸收谱带以π→π*跃迁为主,羟基和甲氧基的引入仅起修饰作用。     

不结球白菜维生素C和可溶性糖含量的遗传分析

采用主基因—多基因混合遗传模型分析方法,对不结球白菜乌塌菜×矮脚黄、雪克青×矮脚黄两个组合的维生素Ｃ、可溶性糖含量进行单世代和联合世代遗传分析。结果表明,两组合中维生素Ｃ含量遗传符合一个主基因和多基因的混合遗传模型,主基因遗传率为５２６８％～７４１２％。可溶性糖在雪克青×矮脚黄组合中也符合主基因—多基因遗传模型,主基因遗传率为８９７３％～８９７９％。维生素Ｃ和可溶性糖主基因效应均以加性效应为主,在乌塌菜×矮脚黄组合中,两性状主基因有较明显的负向显性效应,在雪克青×矮脚黄组合中,显性效应不明显。育种实践中应注重对主基因加性效应的利用。     

果蔬现代物流现状与发展对策

果蔬产业是我国农村的支柱产业之一,发展果蔬现代物流对于促进果蔬产业持续、健康发展具有重要的意义。文章系统地分析了我国果蔬物流的现状,并结合果蔬产业实际情况,针对性地提出了发展对策。即通过提升果蔬现代物流水平,最终解决果蔬物流成本高、流通过程中损失严重、品质保持欠佳等难题。     

Comparison of Physicochemical and Structural Properties of Acid-Soluble and Pepsin-Soluble Collagens from Blacktip Reef Shark Skin

Fish collagen has been widely used in tissue engineering (TE) applications as an implant, which is generally transplanted into target tissue with stem cells for better regeneration ability. In this case, the success rate of this research depends on the fundamental components of fish collagen such as amino acid composition, structural and rheological properties. Therefore, researchers have been trying to find an innovative raw material from marine origins for tissue engineering applications. Based on this concept, collagens such as acid-soluble (ASC) and pepsin-soluble (PSC) were extracted from a new type of cartilaginous fish, the blacktip reef shark, for the first time, and were further investigated for physicochemical, protein pattern, microstructural and peptide mapping. The study results confirmed that the extracted collagens resemble the protein pattern of type-I collagen comprising the α₁, α₂, β and γ chains. The hydrophobic amino acids were dominant in both collagens with glycine and hydroxyproline as major amino acids. From the FTIR spectra, α helix (27.72 and 26.32%), β-sheet (22.24 and 23.35%), β-turn (21.34 and 22.08%), triple helix (14.11 and 14.13%) and random coil (14.59 and 14.12%) structures of ASC and PSC were confirmed, respectively. Collagens retained their triple helical and secondary structure well. Both collagens had maximum solubility at 3% NaCl and pH 4, and had absorbance maxima at 234 nm, respectively. The peptide mapping was almost similar for ASC and PSC at pH 2, generating peptides ranging from 15 to 200 kDa, with 23 kDa as a major peptide fragment. The microstructural analysis confirmed the homogenous fibrillar nature of collagens with more interconnected networks. Overall, the preset study concluded that collagen can be extracted more efficiently without disturbing the secondary structure by pepsin treatment. Therefore, the blacktip reef shark skin could serve as a potential source for collagen extraction for the pharmaceutical and biomedical applications.     

日本花卉产业的走势分析——以对中国贸易为例

日本花卉产业由于受平成不景气的影响,面临着前所未有的持续商品价格低迷、生产过剩、竞争过当的困境。怎样走出困境已成为日本花卉界人士共同关心的重大问题。本文通过文献研究和实地调研,系统分析了日本花卉产业的现状,即生产停滞、消费低迷、资源重组的国际化。指出在对中国贸易中存在着进口商品质量、数量不稳定,出口高档花卉供不应求等问题。探析纵向挖潜,提升产业水平,扩大对外交流,实现优势互补的发展态势。     

小麦假黑胚病的研究

小麦假黑胚病近年在全疆普遍发生,一般发病率在1.5—20％,严重者达35％。受害病粒胚部变成黑褐色,经分离发现,主要由Alternaria造成。该菌分生孢子梗橄褐色,1—8个横隔膜,大小为25—80.5×4.5—6.1微米。分生孢子单生或串生,淡褐色至深褐色,倒棍棒形。孢身具2—8个横隔膜,0—3个纵隔膜,隔膜处缢缩,大小9—38×6—18微米,多具喙,喙不分枝,具0—4个隔膜。在人工培养下,病菌形态变化较大。在乳熟至蜡熟期接种,25℃下保湿36小时,潜育期3天。鉴定该病原真菌为Alternaria alternata(Fr.)Keissler。种子带菌与田间发病无直接相关性。药剂拌种无效。