不同海拔环境中藏鸡生长曲线及杂种优势分析

为研究藏鸡生长规律及生长性能杂种优势,测定了藏鸡、矮小隐性白肉鸡(低地肉鸡品种)及其杂交F1代在低海拔和高海拔环境中体重和胫长的生长数据,运用Richards模型拟合其生长规律。结果表明Richards比较适宜拟合鸡在高、低海拔环境中体重和胫长的生长模式,R2>0.99。高海拔环境会降低鸡的生长速度、拐点值、生长极限和最大日增长,延长拐点时间。藏鸡在低海拔极限体重、拐点体重和最大日增重分别为1008.3、477.9和11.69 g,在高海拔分别为525.0、229.5和5.12 g;分别降低了47.9%、52.0%和56.8%,但影响程度均低于低海拔品种矮小隐性白肉鸡,表现出高海拔适应性,其杂交F1代的体重生长参数有明显的杂种优势,尤其在高海拔环境中,极限体重、拐点体重和最大日增重杂种优势率分别达59.5%、56.8%和52.3%,是藏鸡杂交利用的良好组合。     

Effect of ROCK1 and ROCK2 silencing by shRNA on hypoxia-induced apoptosis of rat cardiomyocytes

AIM: To investigate the effects of Rho-associated coiled-coil protein kinase-1 (ROCK1) and ROCK2 on apoptosis induced by hypoxia in rat cardiomyocytes. METHODS: Rat cardiomyocytes were cultured primarily and identified using an antibody targeting α-actin of striated muscle. ROCK1-shRNA and ROCK2-shRNA were transiently transfected into the cells by liposome. After 48 h, these cells were subject to hypoxia for 6 h. The cells were divided into 5 groups: blank control group, hypoxia group, hypoxia+negative control shRNA group, hypoxia+ROCK1-shRNA group and hypoxia+ROCK2-shRNA group. The beating frequency and rhythm of the cardiomyocytes were assessed by microscopy. The activity of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in the cell culture supernatants was detected by automatic biochemical analyzer. The cell survival rate was analyzed by the method of MTT. The cell apoptotic rate was assessed by flow cytometry. Western blotting was used to determine the expression of ROCK1, ROCK2, caspase-3 and p-PI3K. RESULTS: The primary culture of the cardiomyocytes was successful. Western blotting results showed that the transfection of ROCK1-shRNA or ROCK2-shRNA decreased the expression of ROCK1 or ROCK2 in the cardiomyocytes. Hypoxia slowed down the beat frequency of the cardiomyocytes, also made the rhythm disorder. Hypoxia increased the release of LDH and decreased the cell survival rate. Flow cytometry results showed that hypoxia increased the cell apoptotic rate. Hypoxia increased the expression of caspase-3 and decreased the expression of p-PI3K. Transfection of ROCK1-shRNA and ROCK2-shRNA into the cardiomyocytes reduced all the effects of hypoxia mentioned above. CONCLUSION: Down-regulation of ROCK1 and ROCK2 expression suppresses the apoptosis of rat cardiomyocytes induced by hypoxia. The mechanism is associated with the inhibition of caspase-3 activation and the up-regulation of p-PI3K expression.     

Comparison of metabolic profiling of cyanidin-3-O-galactoside and extracts from blueberry in aged mice

The metabonomics changes of plasma and brain tissue after dietary supplementation with blueberry extracts (BBE) and cyanidin-3-O-galactoside from blueberry (BBM) in aged mice were investigated by (1)H NMR technique. The mice received intragastric administration of BBE (200 mg/kg/day), BBM (50 mg/kg/day), and saline water (0.9%) for 6 weeks, respectively, in the BBE, BBM, and control groups. At the end of the experiment, plasma and brain samples were collected for NMR analysis. The results demonstrated that the level of choline in plasma from BBE and BBM groups were obviously elevated relative to the control group, whereas the levels of lactate and phosphocholine in plasma were remarkably reduced. Compared with those in the control group, the levels of choline and GABA in the brain from the BBE group were obviously increased, whereas glutamate and phosphocholine in the BBE group were significantly decreased. The level of taurine in the brain from the BBM group was particularly higher than that in the control group. These results indicated supplementation with BBE or BBM might induce similar changes of endogenous plasma and brain metabolic profiles in aged mice.     

玉米植株抗弯特性对分禾器结构的影响分析

玉米收获机分禾器结构直接影响玉米植株的分禾和输送效果,是决定机具能否正常作业的重要因素。通过田间试验,对玉米植株抗弯特性进行了测定,测量出玉米植株的横向最大偏移量,并计算出玉米植株偏折角。得出了分禾器宽度与玉米植株抗弯特性之间的关系方程,找到了影响分禾输送效果的一个重要因素——植株自身的抗弯特性,为分禾器的设计提供了新的依据。在理论上解释了作业时分禾器离地越高越不易碰伤植株的现象,且对比了不同地区品种玉米植株抗弯强度的差异性,结论是最佳收获期内山东省、北京市地区品种的玉米植株抗弯能力比吉林省地区品种强。     

西农萨能羊47kD尾部相互作用蛋白基因(TIP47)的cDNA克隆、序列结构分析与组织表达

47kD尾部相互作用蛋白基因(tail-interacting protein47,TIP47)是影响脂滴形成和代谢的重要基因。本实验以西农萨能羊(Capra hircus)的乳腺组织为研究材料,采用RT-PCR和RACE,克隆了山羊TIP47基因的cDNA全长序列。结果得到TIP47基因cDNA序列全长1906bp(GenBank收录号为:HQ846827),包括5'UTR82bp,完整编码区1314bp及3'UTR510bp,编码蛋白质的氨基酸数为437,分子量47.36kD,等电点(pI)5.14。对TIP47基因的核苷酸和氨基酸序列分析发现,山羊的TIP47与GenBank中牛(Bos taurus)、人(Homo sapiens)、小鼠(Mus musculus)和猪(Sus scrofa)的TIP47相似性较高。蛋白质结构分析显示,TIP47不存在信号肽序列和跨膜结构;疏水性分析发现,其N端疏水性较强,中间靠近C端部分亲水性较强;三级结构分析发现,其C端呈大写的L形;该基因的遗传距离分析发现,山羊与牛的亲缘关系最近,其次是猪和人。通过RT-qPCR技术对TIP47基因进行了组织表达分析,发现所检测...     

SYBR Green I荧光定量PCR法检测朗德鹅填饲前后黑素皮质素受体-4基因(MC4R)的表达

黑素皮质素受体4基因(MC4R)在各组织中的不同表达对于鹅脂肪代谢具有重要作用.本研究应用强制填饲技术建立腹型肥胖朗德鹅(Casuarius casuarius)模型,提取填饲后及正常朗德鹅新鲜腹脂、肝脏等13种组织的总RNA,SYBR GreenI荧光定量PCR法检测各组织MC4R基因的表达,选择β-actin作为内参基因,使用半定量2-△△Ct法分析.PCR结果显示,MC4R基因及β-actin在填饲前后朗德鹅心脏、肝脏、脾脏、肺、肾脏、肌胃、小肠、胰腺、脑、胸肌、腿肌、腹脂、皮下脂等13种组织中均存在不同程度表达.SYBR Green I荧光定量PCR结果表明,在肾、小肠和心这3个组织中,填饲后朗德鹅MC4R表达量均比对照组中朗德鹅该基因表达量低,填饲后分别为填饲前表达量的0.41±1.80、0.65±5.75和0.72±1.22倍.而在其他组织中,MC4R基因表达量均有不同程度的增加,填饲组/对照组相对表达量倍数由高到低顺序分别为:22.78±1.00倍(脑),9.08±2.80倍(肝),5.28±1.83倍(肺),3.78±3.01倍(胰),3.07±3.64倍(腿肌),2.90±0.97倍(胃),2.34±1.66倍(皮下脂肪),2.18±3.01倍(腹脂),2.07±0.37倍(胸肌),2.01±1.75倍(脾).结果符合MC4R作用机理,为畜牧生产及人类肥胖问题的研究提供间接依据.     

浙江省“8812”项目杂交籼稻连晚新组合联品试验研究

以浙江省"8812"项目20个参试杂交籼稻连晚组合为材料,研究不同组合在金华的种植表现。结果表明,亚两优9号、中3优68、钱优936、中优817四个组合熟期适中、优质、高产、抗病性强,产量优势明显,产量均在7646.2kg·hm-2以上,比对照增加9%以上,达极显著水平。     

内蒙古阿拉善草地毒草灾害调查与控制对策

内蒙古阿拉善草地毒草灾害一直困扰着当地畜牧业的发展.采用以现场走访和查阅文献相结合的方式,对阿拉善草地毒草灾害的历史和现状、毒草灾害造成的损失、毒草种类和地理分布、主要毒草生物学特性等进行调查,提出草地毒草灾害控制对策.结果表明,阿拉善草地牲畜毒草中毒发病率高达60%,病死率为30%;形成优势种群的毒草有14种,其中造...     

Maternal Administration of GHRP-6-loaded PLGA-PEG-PLGA Thermosensitive Hydrogel Increases Growth and Vitality of Piglets

Both growth hormone-releasing peptide 6 (GHRP-6) and growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH) have potent GH-releasing activity in animals.We have previously demonstrated that the administration of a plasmid encoding the GHRH gene to pregnant mice and pig augmented long-term growth in first generation progeny,and that the administration of GHRP-6 results in growth augmentation in mice and rabbits.However,it has not yet been reported if GHRP-6 induces intergenerational growth effects in pigs.Ploy lactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) microsphere adsorption of treatment proteins enhances gene expression,genetic immunization and the ability to protect plasmid DNA and peptides from degradation.The current study was conducted to determine the growth performance of piglets born to gilts treated with GHRP-6 incorporated into thermosensitive PLGA-PEG-PLGA triblock copolymers.Gilts were injected intra-muscularly once at day 85 of gestation with 30 mg of GHRP-6-loaded thermosensitive PLGA-PEG-PLGA triblock copolymers.Piglets were weighed periodically between birth and 28 days.Mean body weights of piglets born to GHRP-6-treated gilts were 6.58％ to 18.89％ (P ＜ 0.05 ) greater than those of piglets born to control gilts.This study confirms that enhanced maternal GHRP-6 mediated by thermosensitive PLGA-PEG-PLGA can augment growth of piglets.     

不同密度和果穗数对日光温室番茄冠层光合及产量的影响

以“保红一号”番茄为试材,采用单干整枝方式研究不同密度和果穗数对日光温室番茄功能叶片冠层光合速率、叶绿素含量及产量的影响.结果表明:番茄净光合速率、叶绿素含量在植株上、中、下部冠层间随不同密度的冠高和叶位差异明显.中、上部净光合速率、叶绿素含量高,下部低,3 000株/667m2(留5穗果)各冠层叶位间叶绿素含量与净光合速率呈正相关,表现出冠层净光合速率、叶绿素含量和产量最高.表明适合阿克苏地区冬春茬日光温室番茄生产的适宜密度为3 000株/667m2(留5穗果),总产量最高,达到7 806.3 kg/667m2.