施肥对菜用大豆产量及性状的影响

为研究追肥对菜用大豆产量及性状的影响,对荚长、荚宽、荚厚、荚质量、粒长、粒宽、粒厚、粒质量8个性状变量与产量的关系进行多元回归分析和通径分析。试验结果表明,菜用大豆春风极早品种在现蕾期追肥的最适宜施肥量为基准施肥量的50%,产量达到1 992 kg/667 m~2,比100%追肥高3.3%,差异不显著,比150%追肥高22.9%,差异显著;荚宽13.42 mm,荚厚10.71 mm,粒宽11.09 mm,单粒质量0.88 g;M-3品种在现蕾期追肥的最适宜施肥量为基准施肥量的150%,产量达到1 571 kg/667 m~2。菜用大豆产量和荚宽、粒宽、粒厚等性状有显著的回归关系,回归方程为Y=-7 262.394 5+611.947 8X_2+2 482.237 0X_6-2 917.973 0X_7,决定系数为0.893 4,式中,Y为产量(kg/667 m~2),X_2为荚宽(mm),X_6为粒宽(mm),X_7为粒厚(mm)。当其他变量固定时,荚宽每增加1 mm,产量平均升高611.947 8 kg/667 m~2;粒宽每增加1 mm,产量平均升高2 482.237 0 kg/667 m~2;荚宽每增加1 mm,产量平均降低2 917.973 0 kg/667 m~2。菜用大豆各性状与产量的通径分析结果显示,产量与荚宽的通径系数为0.359 2,与粒宽的通径系数为1.106 1,与粒厚的通径系数为-1.391。     

Identification,Characteristics and Function of Phosphoglucomutase (PGM) in the Agar Biosynthesis and Carbon Flux in the Agarophyte Gracilariopsis lemaneiformis (Rhodophyta)

Agar is widely applied across the food, pharmaceutical and biotechnology industries, owing to its various bioactive functions. To better understand the agar biosynthesis in commercial seaweed Gracilariopsis lemaneiformis, the activities of four enzymes participating in the agar biosynthesis were detected, and phosphoglucomutase (PGM) was confirmed as highly correlated with agar accumulation. Three genes of PGM (GlPGM1, GlPGM2 and GlPGM3) were identified from the G. lemaneiformis genome. The subcellular localization analysis validated that GlPGM1 was located in the chloroplast and GlPGM3 was not significantly distributed in the organelles. Both the GlPGM1 and GlPGM3 protein levels showed a remarkable consistency with the agar variations, and GlPGM3 may participate in the carbon flux between (iso)floridoside, floridean starch and agar synthesis. After treatment with the PGM inhibitor, the agar and floridean starch contents and the activities of floridean starch synthase were significantly decreased; products identified in the Calvin cycle, the pentose phosphate pathway, the Embden-Meyerhof-Parnas pathway and the tricarboxylic acid cycle were depressed; however, lipids, phenolic acids and the intermediate metabolites, fructose-1,6-phosphate were upregulated. These findings reveal the essential role of PGM in regulating the carbon flux between agar and other carbohydrates in G. lemaneiformis, providing a guide for the artificial regulation of agar accumulation.     

一株惊纹地老虎幼虫颗粒体病毒的研究

1978年春,在新疆博湖从惊纹地老虎Agrotis exclamationis(Linné)(鳞翅目:夜蛾科)幼虫中发现一株病毒“Ae—02”,病毒颗粒体为卵形或卵圆形,大小为374～780×312～450nm,平均为578×412nm;病毒粒子杆状,两端钝圆,不弯曲或稍弯曲,大小为350～450×40～65nm,平均为395×50nm。该病毒对惊纹地老虎和黄地老虎A.segetum(Schiff.)幼虫致病力强。在日平均温度为24.2℃时,对1日龄惊纹地老虎幼虫感病19天后死亡率达96～100%;25天后10日龄幼虫死亡率达84～92%;对15日龄幼虫死亡率为73.96～80.96%。惊纹地老虎病毒“Ae—02”毒株,属杆状病毒科Baculoviridae,杆状病毒属Baculovirus,“B”亚组,定名为惊纹地老虎颗粒体病毒Agrotis excula-mationis granulosis virus,俗名鸣夜蛾颗粒体病毒,拉丁学名为Baculovirusexclamationis“B”,简称AeGV。     

通过染色体整合β-1,4-葡聚糖酶基因glu14提高绿色木霉对小麦纹枯病的防治效果

 绿色木霉LTR-2是生物防治菌株。利用来自巨大芽胞杆菌Ap25的β-1,4-葡聚糖酶基因glu14构建木霉表达载体pSilent/glu14,利用限制性内切酶介导法(REMI)转化绿色木霉LTR-2。PCR扩增及Southern杂交证实目的基因已插入木霉转化子的染色体DNA上。转化子的β-1,4-葡聚糖酶水解活性,对小麦纹枯病菌的平板抑制作用及温室防治效果较原始菌株LTR-2明显提高(P<0.01),其中转化子L-10的效果最好,平板抑制率比LTR-2提高了27.0%,温室防治效果比LTR-2提高了26.7%。本试验表明,利用REMI技术,将β-1,4-葡聚糖酶基因重组到木霉染色体DNA上,是获得高效木霉工程菌株的有效手段。     

Variable response of open-pollinated seedling progeny of avocado to Phytophthora root rot

Phytophthora root rot, caused byPhytophthora cinnamomi Rands, is the most important disease of avocado (Persea americana Miller). In an attempt to identify root rot-resistant rootstocks that could ultimately be used under conditions in southern Florida, we screened open-pollinated progeny of avocado from the National Germplasm Repository in Miami. From 1996 to 1998, a total of 2,355 seedlings from 51 accessions were examined in potting mix artificially infested withP. cinnamomi. Most seedlings developed severe root rot, but tolerance was observed in some families (i.e., progeny of certain accessions). Although the most susceptible families developed mean disease ratings of up to 97% root necrosis, mean ratings for the most tolerant families were less than 60%. There was also a strong relationship between the racial background of the female parent and the tolerance of seedlings. Seedlings of the West Indian race and hybrids between it and the Guatemalan race were significantly more tolerant than those from other parents (P< 0.05). Individuals in several families developed < 50% root necrosis, the arbitrary standard of tolerance in this study. Twelve families accounted for 82% (188 of 229) of the tolerant seedlings, and only two of these did not have a West Indian or Guatemalan × West Indian pedigree. Broad-sense heritability for PRR tolerance was 0.45. This is the first report on the inheritance of PRR tolerance in avocado and on the influence of genotype and racial pedigree under controlled conditions.     

犬急救及应急处置方法

一般情况下,犬需要主人进行的医疗处置,顶多不过是带它看完病后按医嘱喂药,或上一些外敷药之类。但是万一遇到紧急情况,比如犬突然发生急病,或意外受到伤害,在送往动物医院前需要急救时,如果主人掌握一些应急处置方法,就可以在某种程度上减缓伤病的程度。及时救治有时候甚至会关系到爱犬的生命。比如说,犬在遭遇车祸或咬斗受伤时,为很可能因失血过多或疼痛难忍而处于疯狂状态。     

微波等离子处理对脲醛胶性能的影响

脲醛树脂胶粘剂是木材加工领域应用最广泛的胶粘剂,在保障其胶合性能的前提下降低脲醛胶的甲醛释放量是社会关注的焦点和难点。通过试验,研究不同的微波等离子处理方法对脲醛树脂胶粘剂的固化时间、适用期、胶合强度、游离甲醛含量的影响。试验结果表明:等离子处理对脲醛树脂胶粘剂的固化时间和适用期的影响不明显;合适的等离子处理条件可以改善脲醛胶的胶合性能;与未经等离子处理脲醛胶相比,等离子处理后脲醛胶的游离甲醛含量显著降低。     

蛋白水解氨基酸肥料对红美人杂柑果实品质的影响

研究蛋白水解氨基酸肥料对红美人杂柑果实品质的影响,为其在柑橘上的应用提供理论依据.以红美人杂柑为研究对象,以大豆蛋白水解氨基酸肥料为试验材料,从柑橘谢花2/3开始,隔20 d喷施一次蛋白水解氨基酸肥料800倍液,每处理开始喷施的时间相差20 d,年生长周期内每处理各喷施3次,用来研究蛋白水解氨基酸对红美人春梢叶片的叶绿...     

云南石榴根际剑属线虫的记述

从云南省主要石榴产区蒙自县、会泽县和建水县,采集了石榴根际土样标本,分离得到线虫后,采用形态特征进行鉴定.结果表明,寄生于云南石榴根部的剑属线虫有两种:一种是标明剑线虫(Xiphinama insigne Loose),1949;另一种为短颈剑线虫(Xiphinama brevicolle Lordello ＆ Da Costa), 1961.     

近五年我国进口巴西棉花质量分析

根据近五年实验室检测大数据,分析我国进口巴西棉花品质指标的主体范围,总结不同主体指标各等级分布情况及变化趋势.结果 表明,巴西棉花的品级、长度和马克隆值合同品质符合率高,但不同指标不同时间段品质符合率略有偏差.综合认为:近五年巴西棉花品质一致性好,主体品质占比大,主体指标范围品质符合率高.