江西地区鸭疫里氏杆菌的鉴定及药敏试验

从江西部分地区的25份临床疑似鸭疫里氏杆菌(RA)病例中分离到19株RA。生化特性测定结果表明,19个RA菌株的过氧化氢酶、尿素酶均为阳性,除1株发酵葡萄糖、1株发酵麦芽糖外均不发酵各种糖类,5个RA菌株能液化明胶,15个RA菌株氧化酶阳性,不产生H2S,不还原硝酸盐,吲哚试验、MR试验、VP试验均阴性;80%的菌株对头孢曲松、头孢哌酮、头孢唑啉、罗红霉素等高度敏感,而对阿米卡星、庆大霉素、复方新诺明、卡那霉素、青霉素等耐药。     

Physiological and pathological effects of body position changes on experimental acute lung injury in rabbits

AIM: To study the effects of body position on the physiological and pathological changes in an oleic acid-induced acute lung injury (ALI) model. METHODS: One control group and three experimental groups were set up in which the rabbits were put on supine, prone and rotation, respectively. The changes of blood pressure, heart rate and partial pressure of arterial oxygen, lung mechanics, cytokines in the course of experiment and pathologic changes were observed. RESULTS: At the end of experiment, heart rate in rotated rabbits was lower than that in prone rabbits ［(176.13±26.55) beats/min vs (217.75±14.44) beats/min, P<0.05］. Partial pressure of arterial oxygen and lung compliance in prone and rotated rabbits were higher than that in supine rabbits ［(157.75±51.19) mmHg and (166.08±37.07) mmHg vs (86.59±23.82) mmHg, (2.75±0.89) mL/cmH2O and (2.63±0.74) mL/cmH2O vs (1.63±0.52) mL/cmH2O, respectively, P<0.05］, but intrapulmonary shunt was just up side down. Airway peak inspiration pressure in rotated rabbits was higher than that in prone group rabbits, ［(19.63±2.45) cmH2O vs (16.00±2.27) cmH2O, P<0.05］. TNF-α in supine and rotated rabbits was higher than that in control rabbits, ［(3.12±0.83 and 2.59±0.79) μg/L vs (1.36±0.34) μg/L］, but it was not the case in prone rabbits. Partial pressure of arterial oxygen was positive correlation to lung compliance and negative correlation to intrapulmonary shunt. Dorsal lung edema was more severe than ventral in group 2, ventral lung edema was more severe than dorsal in group 3 and lung edema was diffused in group 4. CONCLUSIONS: Prone and rotation positions increased lung compliance and decreased intrapulmonary shunt accompanied with oxygenation improvement in ALI model, but prone was safer than rotation position, the former can inhibit the secretion of TNF-α. The distribution of lung edema changed with body position changes.     

苹果芽变选种鉴定及应用研究

芽变选种具有育种周期短、育种进程快的特点,是种质资源创新的重要途径。从形态学、解剖学、同工酶、孢粉学、染色体观察、生理生化特性及分子标记等方面对芽变鉴定的常规方法进行了综述,认为叶片栅栏组织比例、气孔密度、孢粉形态等是芽变品种鉴定的重要指标,同工酶技术及分子标记技术是芽变品种鉴定的重要手段。进一步对芽变发生的遗传类别及分子机理进行了初步探讨,对芽变选种的应用前景进行了展望。     

黄绿绿僵菌对马铃薯瓢虫体内脯活性的影响

对感染黄绿绿僵菌后的马铃薯瓢虫幼虫体内几种酶进行测定，结果表明：黄绿绿僵菌对于马铃薯瓢虫幼虫体内的蛋白质含量、蛋白酶、谷胱甘肽-S-转移酶和乙酰胆碱酯酶的活性，都有不同程度的影响，其中对蛋白含量和谷胱甘肽-S-转移酶的影响较大。     

提高沙地果树栽植成活率的技术措施

沙地土质瘠薄，有机质含量低，保水保肥能力差，暑期高温干旱．多年以来．沙地果树栽植成活率一直很低。1995年开始．进行提高沙地果树栽植成活率的技术研究，运用多种技术措施。使沙地果树栽植成活率由原来的不足20％提高到现在的90％以上，效果良好。现将提高沙地果树栽植成活率的技术措施介绍如下供参考。     

Effects of PDS on rat brain cortical nuclear factor kappa B in LPS shock

AIM:To explore the molecular mechanism of brain tissue injury induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS),the effects of panaxadiol (PDS) on the expression of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) in cerebral cortex of rat with LPS shock were studied. METHODS:Rats were randomly divided into LPS roup,LPS+dexamethasone group,LPS+PDS group and control group. The DNA binding activity and protein expression of NF-κB were observed. These indices were assayed at 1 h and 4 h after intravenous injection of LPS (4 mg·kg^-1). RESULTS:EMSA showed that PDS inhibited NF-κB DNA-binding activity in nuclear extracts at both 1 h and 4 h after LPS injection,compared with the LPS group (P<0.01). Western blotting showed that PDS down-regulated the expression of p65 and p50 protein in the nuclear extracts compared with the LPS group. However,the expression of p65 and p50 protein from cytosolic extracts did not show any significant change. CONCLUSION:PDS may alleviate brain injury by inhibiting NF-κB activation.     

不同培养基对香菇菌丝体酯酶同工酶的影响

本文应用垂直板聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳,对在不同培养基上生长的香菇菌丝体进行酯酶同工酶分析。结果表明,不同培养基会导致香菇菌丝体酯酶同工酶酶谱产生差异。     

陆生固氮蓝藻对土壤环境的影响

我们于１９８８－１９９０－年通过野外调查和室外试验,探讨了陆生固氮蓝藻对土壤环境的影响。试验证明,陆生固氮蓝藻可以利用空气中的分子态氮合成氮素化合物,不断地加富土壤中的氮化物。同时,由于它们大量的繁殖和死亡腐解也增加了土壤中的有机物质使土肿微生物的生长和活动更加旺盛,土     

鸡毒支原体DNA限制性内切酶分析

应用限制性内切酶ＢａｍＨＩ,ＥｃｏＲＩ和ＨｉｎｄⅢ消化鸡毒支原体ＤＮＡ,其电泳图谱能区别鸡毒支原体各株,比十二烷基磺酸钠－聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳（ＳＤＳ－ＰＡＧＥ）更敏感,表明限制性内切酶分析为鉴别鸡毒支原体毒株,进行分子流行病学调查及确定在商品代鸡中是否疫苗株代替了ＭＧ野毒株提供了非常有用的工具。     

平原农区空心村典型土壤的重金属污染评价——以山东省禹城市为例

空心村整治是农村土地综合整治的重要内容,在以土地可持续利用为核心的目标导向下,揭示空心村内典型土壤重金属污染情况是整治工作特别是构建耕层土体的先导环节。本文以黄淮海平原农区的禹城市为例,分析典型空心村在整治时可能涉及的村内道路、晾晒场院、坑塘底泥、林地表土、院落农地、院落实土、土墙墙体等7种土壤的As、Cd、Cr、Cu、Ni、Pb、Zn含量,利用单项污染指数和综合污染指数,按照有关国家标准,评价其重金属污染程度,为空心村改造中土壤的安全、合理利用提供依据。结果表明:前述7类参试土壤中,除院落农田的污染指数为0.85(污染等级为Ⅱ,属"较清洁"土壤)外,其余6类的综合污染指数均0.7(污染等级为Ⅰ,属"清洁"土壤),可直接用于空心村整治中的耕层土体重构。本研究基于整治利用导向进行了平原农区空心村典型土壤类型划分,揭示了其重金属污染状况,对于科学开展空心村整治、建设更加安全的高标准农田具有重要参考价值。