苹果属观赏海棠McCHI基因的克隆及不同叶色品种间表达差异分析

以苹果属观赏海棠品种‘王族'叶片提取的总RNA为模板,通过RT-PCR与RACE扩增.获得1条660 bp的查尔酮异构酶(CHI)基因的全长eDNA序列,编码219个氨基酸,命名为McCHI.该基因DNA序列全长1180bp,由3个内含子和4个外显子组成,具有CHI基因的典型结构.采用实时荧光定量PCR和紫外可见光分光光度计法,对3类不同叶色类型的观赏海棠品种‘火焰'(绿色类叶片)、‘绚丽'(新叶有色类红色叶片)、‘高原之火'(新叶有色类红色叶片)和‘王族'(常色叶类紫色叶片)幼叶和功能叶中的McCHI表达及其花色苷含量进行测定分析,结果表明:McCHI在4个品种的幼叶和功能叶中均有表达,其表达量与花色苷积累随品种不同和叶龄不同表现出明显差异.     

渔船安全救助信息系统的研究

针对渔船安全救助存在的遇险渔船定位难等问题,提出一种渔船安全救助信息系统的设计方案。该系统以电子海图综合信息处理显示系统为平台,通过Inmarsat-C、AIS、GPS及GPRS等通信手段自动采集渔船的动静态信息,能够在电子海图上观察渔船和搜救船舶的分布情况,实时地向搜救船队发出搜救调度指令,最大限度地减少或避免遇险渔船人员伤亡和经济损失。     

石羊河流域的生态现状及其恢复措施

通过对石羊河流域生态现状及存在问题的调查分析,针对石羊河流域生态退化原因,提出了调整流域产业结构;加强流域水资源统一管理;加强生态环境保护与建设;树立环境保护的观念;加大生态移民力度等生态系统恢复措施。     

25年生‘富士’苹果园冠层光能分布格局及其季节变化规律

为研究不同季节富士苹果园内冠层光能分布及冠层透光率随叶面积指数的变化规律,以25年生‘长富2号’苹果为主要试材,采用3415-LQF5光量子计和WinSCANOPY植物冠层分析仪于生长季节连续测定果园冠层内光能空间分布和叶面积指数的变化。结果表明,不同冠层和不同树冠空间方位的光能分布变化以及最大光照强度的获得与太阳高度角的变化密切相关;不同冠层的消光系数为次外层>内层>外层;不同季节各冠层的光能分布呈现单峰曲线,在正午时刻达到日周期最大值,不同季节冠层平均光照强度依次为春季>夏季>秋季;各冠层生长季节平均光照强度依次为外层>次外层>内层>近地面;相对光照强度小于30%的树冠所占比例随生长季节的延长逐渐增加;年周期冠层透光率与叶面积指数呈相反的变化趋势。相关性分析表明,苹果不同方位冠层平均光照强度与叶面积指数呈显著的负相关（r=-0592*）,与林隙分数呈极显著的正相关（r=0.722**）,与平均叶倾角呈显著的正相关（r=0.647*）。     

高可靠云计算平台及其在智慧林业中的应用

智慧林业"就是使用一切可以实现的监测技术对森林资源进行全方位的感知、处理, 实现森林及生态资源的智慧管理。云计算作为新型计算模式将极大提高智慧林业决策水平。文中在分析云计算平台的内涵特征及其与网格计算和分布式计算关系的基础上, 提出并构建了高可靠智慧林业云计算平台。该平台基于林业信息化思想, 将智慧林业及自然控制理论与云计算体系紧密结合, 构建了以普适感知与泛在接入为基础、高可靠云计算为手段、智能决策分析为目标的智慧林业体系结构。提出了适于智慧林业与自然控制的海量数据挖掘、自动存储管理、大规模消息通信、可靠资源调度、新型计算体系等高可信计算关键技术。初步探讨了高可靠云计算平台在智慧林业中的基本应用。     

贵州天龙屯堡乡村旅游产业组织模式对北京的启示

贵州天龙屯堡"政府+旅游公司+旅行社+农民旅游协会"的乡村旅游产业组织模式充分整合乡村旅游各方资源,有效兼顾了乡村旅游开发中不同利益相关者的利益,为北京郊区乡村旅游产业组织化提供了借鉴。北京乡村旅游产业组织创新应注重以下方面:一是提高乡村旅游产业组织认识;二是坚持政府部门的主导地位;三是保证社区居民的参与权利和福利增长;四是兼顾其他利益相关者的利益;五是因地制宜进行乡村旅游产业组织创新。     

Variations in essential oil yield and composition during Cinnamomum cassia bark growth

To extract essential oil for industrial use, the yields and compositions of bark oil during Cinnamomum cassia growth (1-3 years old for the branch bark; 5-12 years old for the stem bark) were determined. The branch bark fraction had a higher essential oil yield than the whole branch. The essential oil yield from branch bark varied within 2.70-3.11% (w/w), while that from stem bark was 0.41-2.61% (w/w) due to differences in age and segment (top, center and lower) of the tree. There were 41 volatile compounds identified in bark oil, among which the majority presented high fluctuations in percentage of composition both in different growth stages and segments. Variations in oil yields did not present the same pattern as the percentages of trans-cinnamaldehyde. The results suggest that choosing bark according to trees’ growth stages and separating stem barks into top, center and lower sections within a tree should significantly improve the extraction efficiency.     

Extract of Ginkgo Biloba decreased expression of lectin-like oxidized low density lipoprotein receptor-1 induced by TNF-α in bovine aortic endothelial cells

AIM: To investigate the effects of extract of Ginkgo biloba (EGB) on the expression of lectin-like oxidized low-density lipoprotein receptor-1 (LOX-1) induced by tumor necrosis factor a(TNF-α) in bovine aortic endothelial cells(BAECs). METHODS: The BAECs were incubated with TNF-α, followed by EGB treatment. The effect of EGB on LOX-1 expression was investigated by RT-PCR and Western blotting. The content of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) was determined by Western blotting. Potential involvement of signaling pathways of the effects was explored by using related inhibitors of the signal molecules. The concentration of NO^-₂/NO^-₃ was also tested. RESULTS: Increased LOX-1 expression was induced by TNF-α. EGB markedly prevented the increase of LOX-1 expression induced by TNF-α (P<0.05), and this effect was inhibited by inhibitor of NOS (P<0.05). EGB significantly prevented the decrease of eNOS expression induced by TNF-α (P<0.05). EGB also significantly prevented the decrease of NO^-₂/NO^-₃ production induced by TNF-α (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: EGB markedly prevents the increase of LOX-1 expression induced by TNF-α and the effect is mediated by eNOS.     

咪鲜胺与噁霉灵及其混配对串珠镰刀菌和立枯丝核菌的影响

为明确咪鲜胺与噁霉灵及其混配对串珠镰刀菌和立枯丝核菌的影响,采用菌丝生长速率法测定了咪鲜胺与噁霉灵及其5种配比对2种病菌的毒力。结果表明,咪鲜胺与噁霉灵及其1:1、1:2、1:4、1:6、1:8等混配组合对串珠镰刀菌的EC50分别是0.0197、69.492、0.021、0.028、0.082、0.163、0.215mg/L,对立枯丝核菌的EC50分别是0.247、25.140、0.444、0.469、1.041、1.495、2.012mg/L;5种混配组合对串珠镰刀菌的增效系数(SR)分别是1.85、2.14、1.20、0.84、0.82,对立枯丝核菌的增效系数(SR)分别是1.10、1.55、1.14、1.09、1.02。咪鲜胺对2种病菌的毒力均高于噁霉灵,咪鲜胺与噁霉灵1:2配比对串珠镰刀菌、立枯丝核菌均有显著增效作用。