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91.
Steagall PV Mantovani FB Taylor PM Dixon MJ Luna SP 《Veterinary journal (London, England : 1997)》2009,182(2):203-209
The dose-related antinociceptive effects of intravenous (IV) buprenorphine were evaluated in cats. Thermal (TT) and mechanical threshold (MT) devices were used for nociceptive stimulation. After baseline threshold recordings, buprenorphine was administered IV (0.01, 0.02 or 0.04 mg/kg; B1, B2 and B4, respectively) in a randomised, blinded and cross-over study. Data were analysed by ANOVA (P < 0.05) using 95% confidence intervals (CI). TT increased 15, 30, 45 min and 1 (5.2 ± 2.7 °C), 2, 3 and 4 h after B1; 15, 30, 45 min and 1 (5.1 ± 3.9 °C) and 2 h after B2, and 15, 30, 45 min and 1 (5.4 ± 3.3 °C), 2, 3, 6 and 8 h after B4. MT increased 15 and 45 min after B2 (260 ± 171 mmHg), and 30 (209 ± 116 mmHg) and 45 min and 1 and 2 h after B4. At 45 min, MT values were significantly higher after B2 compared to B1 (P < 0.05). With MT, B2 and B4 produced more antinociception and longer duration of action than B1, respectively. No dose response to thermal stimulation was detected. 相似文献
92.
93.
Cytoprotection by neutral fraction of tannat red wine against oxidative stress-induced cell death 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Echeverry C Blasina F Arredondo F Ferreira M Abin-Carriquiry JA Vasquez L Aspillaga AA Diez MS Leighton F Dajas F 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2004,52(24):7395-7399
Some of the beneficial effects of the Mediterranean diet on human pathologies have been attributed to red wine polyphenols. It has been postulated that the antioxidant activity of the latter would be also responsible for the cytoprotective capacity of red wine that has been reported in a few papers. Nevertheless, red wine shows a complex composition, and the active fraction is not known yet. In this context, the protective capacity of total lyophilized extracts of red wine and anthocyanin, neutral, or acidic fractions, was explored in PC12 cells in culture after a hydrogen peroxide insult. Although all fractions showed high antioxidant activity, only the neutral fraction was cytoprotective. The analysis of this active fraction showed that it was rich in the aglycons quercetin and myricetin as well as the glycosides of kaempferol, isorhamnetin, epicatechin, and catechin, some of which are known to be cytoprotective. This is the first paper to reveal the active fraction of total wine responsible of its cytoprotection. 相似文献
94.
Habitat fragmentation has been shown to influence the abundance, movements and persistence of many species. Here, we examine the effects of forest patch and landscape metrics, and levels of forest disturbance on the patterns of local extinction of five primate and 14 carnivore species within 129 forest patches in a highly fragmented forest landscape of southern Brazilian Amazonia. Classic habitat area effects were the strongest predictors of species persistence, explaining between 42% and 55% of the overall variation in primate and carnivore species richness. Logistic regression models showed that anthropogenic disturbance, including surface wildfires, timber extraction and hunting pressure, had detrimental effects on the persistence of some species over and above those of fragment size. Different species ranged in their responses from highly sensitive to highly tolerant to forest fragmentation. Patterns of local extinction documented here were by no means chance events, and the nestedness of the overall species-by-site matrix was highly nonrandom in terms of the sets of species extirpated from the most to the least species-rich forest patches. 相似文献
95.
Kamara BI Brandt EV Ferreira D Joubert E 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2003,51(13):3874-3879
The fermented leaves and stems of Cyclopia intermedia are used to brew Honeybush tea, a herbal tea indigenous to South Africa. The plant is also used to manufacture a sweet herbal infusion used for restorative properties such as soothing coughs and alleviating bronchial complaints including tuberculosis, pneumonia, and catarrh. It is claimed to have a low tannin content and no caffeine and contains various antioxidants. Continued investigations into the phenolic content of the leaves and stems of C. intermedia yielded tyrosol and a methoxy analogue, 2-[4-[O-alpha-apiofuranosyl-(1' '-->6')-beta-d-glucopyranosyloxy]phenyl]ethanol, 4-[O-alpha-apiofuranosyl-(1' '-->2')-beta-d-glucopyranosyloxy]benzaldehyde, five glycosylated flavonols, two isoflavones, four flavanones, two isoflavones, and two flavones. Structure elucidation was done by NMR, CD, and MS methods. Because flavonoids are presumed to contribute significantly toward the scavenging effects of active oxygen species, our results indicate that the tentative claimed health-promoting properties may be attributed to the presence of these and other phenolics in C. intermedia. 相似文献
96.
Oliveira CM Silva Ferreira AC Guedes De Pinho P Hogg TA 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2002,50(7):2121-2124
This work describes a new potentiometric method to evaluate the resistance to oxidation of white wines. Reduction and oxidation titrations were made, and coefficient of variation obtained were 10.87 and 2.65%, respectively. The antioxidant powers of ascorbic acid (Aas) and sulfur dioxide (SO(2)) were evaluated by this method, SO(2) proving to be much less active in this respect than ascorbic acid. The two agents did not demonstrate any antioxidant synergy. A relationship between oxygen present and ascorbic acid was found by the proposed method (1 mmol of O(2) <--> 0.84 mmol of Aas). This method enables the distinction of different wines on the basis of their resistance to oxidation. 相似文献
97.
Effect of coupling media on velocity and attenuation of ultrasonic waves in Brazilian wood 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Raquel?Gon?alvesEmail author Alex?Julio?Trinca Gisleiva?Cristina?dos?Santos Ferreira 《Journal of Wood Science》2011,57(4):282-287
Coupling media are necessary to ensure that transducers bond to wood specimens to minimize coupling losses and improve the
accuracy of ultrasonic measurements. There are several types of coupling media available, and the optimal choice is not known.
In this work, we analyzed the results of ultrasonic wave attenuation for 0.1-MHz longitudinal and transverse transducers with
six different materials as coupling media in nine species of Brazilian wood with densities in the range 700–1170 kg/m3. Tests were performed using constant pressure on the transducer and with wave propagation in the longitudinal direction.
For transverse transducers, the polarization was in the radial and tangential directions. The results were analyzed statistically
and showed that, for attenuation in both longitudinal and transverse waves, the material used for coupling had significant
effects, whereas the wood species had no effect. For longitudinal waves, the statistical evaluation showed that the coupling
material performance was strongly dependent on the species of wood, but it was not possible to observe any tendency of behavior
associated with specific anatomical properties. 相似文献
98.
Fernanda Bortolini Miguel Dall’Agnol Maria Teresa Schifino-Wittmann 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2006,53(5):1081-1087
White clover is one of the most important forage legume species worldwide, playing an important role in Southern Brazil temperate
cultivated pastures. This work was aimed to characterize the genetic variability of the USDA white clover core collection
formed by 78 accessions representing 50 countries, together with two very well known cultivars (Huia and Ladino Regal), using
RAPD (Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA) markers to produce genetic fingerprints. There were used DNA bulks formed by the extraction
and mixture of 20 random individuals from each accession. Twenty four primers were used, which revealed from 3 to 29 bands,
forming a total of 371 polymorphic bans and only one monomorphic, ranging from 50 to 3098 bp. The results showed a genetic
similarity among the accessions, ranging from 0.18 to 0.58 (Jaccard’s index), with an average of 0.24, allowing the identification
of each individual accession using just three primers. The results also showed a large genetic variability within the white
clover core collection, probably due to its reproduction mode and ploidy level, which could be used in plant breeding program. 相似文献
99.
Ferreira V Ortín N Escudero A López R Cacho J 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2002,50(14):4048-4054
The aroma of a Grenache rosé wine from Calatayud (Zaragoza, Spain) has been elucidated following a strategy consisting of an aroma extract dilution analysis (AEDA), followed by the quantitative analysis of the main odorants and the determination of odor activities values (OAVs) and, finally, by a series of reconstitution and omission tests with synthetic aroma models. Thirty-eight aroma compounds were found in the AEDA study, 35 of which were identified. Twenty-one compounds were at concentrations higher than their corresponding odor thresholds. An aroma model prepared by mixing the 24 compounds with OAV > 0.5 in a synthetic wine showed a high qualitative similarity with the aroma of the rosé wine. The addition of compounds with OAV < 0.5 did not improve the model, whereas the aroma of a model containing only odorants with OAV > 10 was very different from that of the wine. Omission tests revealed that the most important odorant of this Grenache rosé wine was 3-mercapto-1-hexanol, with a deep impact on the wine fruity and citric notes. The synergic action of Furaneol and homofuraneol also had an important impact on wine aroma, particularly in its fruity and caramel notes. The omission of beta-damascenone, which had the second highest OAV, caused only a slight decrease on the intensity of the aroma model. Still weaker was the sensory effect caused by the omission of 10 other compounds, such as fatty acids and their ethyl esters, isoamyl acetate, and higher alcohols. 相似文献
100.
Zhu Y Murali S Stoller MD Ganesh KJ Cai W Ferreira PJ Pirkle A Wallace RM Cychosz KA Thommes M Su D Stach EA Ruoff RS 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2011,332(6037):1537-1541
Supercapacitors, also called ultracapacitors or electrochemical capacitors, store electrical charge on high-surface-area conducting materials. Their widespread use is limited by their low energy storage density and relatively high effective series resistance. Using chemical activation of exfoliated graphite oxide, we synthesized a porous carbon with a Brunauer-Emmett-Teller surface area of up to 3100 square meters per gram, a high electrical conductivity, and a low oxygen and hydrogen content. This sp(2)-bonded carbon has a continuous three-dimensional network of highly curved, atom-thick walls that form primarily 0.6- to 5-nanometer-width pores. Two-electrode supercapacitor cells constructed with this carbon yielded high values of gravimetric capacitance and energy density with organic and ionic liquid electrolytes. The processes used to make this carbon are readily scalable to industrial levels. 相似文献