湘棉18茎尖培养条件初步研究

以腺体突变型湘棉18为试验材料,先将棉花种子在无菌的蛭石中培养5-7d后,取棉花苗制备棉花苗茎尖,培养在无激素MSB培养基或加入激素的MSB培养基上,直接再生完整植株,结果表明:植株再生率主要与再生培养基中外源激素含量、活性炭浓度及茎尖分生组织的取材时间密切相关.     

Mechanisms of phosphate retention by calcite: effects of magnesium and pH

Purpose

Sorption and precipitation of phosphate are important processes in controlling fate of phosphorus (P) in P-fertilized soils, especially those affected by magnesium (Mg) ions.

Materials and methods

The interaction between Mg(II) (0.42 and 8.33 mM) ions and phosphate (0.32 and 6.45 mM) at the calcite–water interface were investigated with various pH values from 6.0 to 12.0, using a combination of sorption envelopes, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction.

Results and discussion

Amorphous calcium phosphate, dibasic calcium phosphate dihydrate, and hydroxyapatite are formed at high phosphate concentration (6.45 mM) and high pH (>8.0). The presence of low Mg(II) ion level (0.42 mM) had little effect on phosphate sorption. When Mg(II) ions increased to 8.33 mM, phosphate retention was inhibited in the weak acid condition since incorporation of Mg(II) ions kinetically hinders precipitation resulting in greater solubility of calcium phosphate while high pH favors Mg adsorption to provide more =Mg sites and OH functional groups on the surface of calcite, which enhanced the formation of Mg–P phases. The likely mechanism is attributed to the different surface terminations of calcite sorbed by phosphate at pH?<?8.0 and pH?>?8.0 in the presence of Mg(II) ions.

Conclusions

Our experimental results suggested that soil pH, initial concentration of phosphate, and the presence of Mg(II) ions and calcite play an important role to affect the fate of phosphate in P-fertilized soils.     

Methyl donors dietary supplementation to gestating sows diet improves the growth rate of offspring and is associating with changes in expression and DNA methylation of insulin‐like growth factor‐1 gene

The study aimed to investigate the effects of maternal dietary methyl donors on the performance of sows and their offspring, and the associated hepatic insulin‐like growth factor‐1 (IGF‐1) expression of the offspring. A total of 24 multiparous sows were randomly fed the control (CON) or the CON diet supplemented with methyl donors (MD) at 3 g/kg betaine, 15 mg/kg folic acid, 400 mg/kg choline and 150 μg/kg VB₁₂, from mating until delivery. After farrowing, sows were fed a common lactation diet through a 28‐days lactation period and six litters per treatment were selected to be fed until at approximately 110 kg BW. Maternal MD supplementation resulted in greater birthweight (p < 0.05) and increased the piglet weights (p < 0.01) and litter weights (p < 0.05) at the age of day 28, compared with that in CON group. The offspring pigs in the MD group had greater ADG (p < 0.05) and tended to lower F:G ratio (p = 0.07) compared with that of CON group from day 28 to 180 of age. The offspring pigs from MD group had greater serum IGF‐1 concentrations and expressions of hepatic IGF‐1 gene and muscular IGF‐1 receptor (IGF‐1r) protein at birth (p < 0.05), and greater hepatic IGF‐1 protein (p = 0.03) and muscular IGF‐1r gene expressions (p < 0.05) at slaughter, than that from the CON group. Moreover, the methylation at the promoter of IGF‐1 gene in the liver of newborn piglets and finishing pigs was greater in the MD group than that of the CON group (p < 0.05). In conclusion, maternal MD supplementation throughout gestation could enhance the birthweight and postnatal growth rate of offspring, associated with an increased expression of the IGF‐1 gene and IGF‐1r, as well as the altered DNA methylation of IGF‐1 gene promotor.     

茄子新品种冀茄2号（茄杂1号）的选育

冀茄２号（茄杂１号）是以Ｅ－９０１为母本，Ｅ－９０２为父本育成的一代杂种。生长势强，具有早熟、高产、优质等特点，果实高圆形，紫黑发亮，果面光滑，果肉细嫩，味甜，平均单果重５９２．９ｇ，一般每６６７ｍ２产量达４２００～５０００ｋｇ，适于我国喜食圆茄的地区进行保护地或露地栽培。至１９９５年底已在河北、山东、山西、江苏等地示范推广２５０ｈｍ２以上     

循环式岩棉栽培水肥一体化装备及控制系统研发

为提高我国循环式岩棉栽培水肥管理水平,自主研发设计了循环式岩棉栽培水肥一体化智能装备及控制系统。系统根据植株的生长发育状态、需水需肥规律以及环境条件,通过智能控制系统全自动地进行营养液的检测、配比和灌溉决策,并结合营养液回收消毒技术,实现营养液的重复利用。系统提供便于操作的硬件设备以及全自动智能运行的控制系统,可对岩棉栽培水肥实现全自动智能精准管理,节水节肥20%以上,实现农业生产的零排放。经过在不同园区的试验和应用,验证该系统运行稳定,适用性强。在宁夏园艺产业园番茄生产应用可达到45.4 kg/m2的高产。      

盐碱地综合治理管理系统设计与实现

为了实时了解研究区的土壤盐分、地下水位、地下水含盐量和气候等信息,为盐碱地改良效果提供数据支持,对研究区进行有效管理,设计了盐碱地综合治理管理系统。该系统将研究区作为一个整体,通过网络摄像头、土壤监测传感器、管道水监测传感器和气象站等多方位监测,用ZigBee无线网络和互联网技术对研究区信息进行可靠传送,在监控服务器端利用Web技术和Browser/Server网络结构,动态显示研究区的视频图像和各环境因子的变化情况,从而为盐碱地改良提供技术支持。      

优质面包小麦新品种9507引种试验

中优9507是中国农科院作物所育成的强筋力优质面包小麦新品种.该品种1997年秋引入我县试种,1997～2000年通过天津市冬小麦区域及生产试验,1999年被列为农业科技跨越计划核心品种,2000年3月通过市审定.     

吕梁市吉祥居住宅小区景观设计

通过对吉祥居住宅小区环境景观设计的案例分析,提出在较小的场地内构建一个适宜、安宁、优美、恬静的舒适环境,将"精·致·人文"的理念融入设计始末;以居住者的生理和心理满足为前提,将当地的人文与景观紧密结合起来;通过运用园林植物和构筑物以及小品的合理布局,精心推敲景观元素尺度来提高居住者对参与景观构建的积极性,将传统的中国元素与使用者的使用诉求和景观相衔接,增强整个小区环境的整体个性与内涵,使居住者产生一种心灵上的"似曾相识"的归属感,实现精致、和谐、可持续的特色居住区文化景观。     

天然干酪凝乳工艺影响因素的研究

天然干酪作为一种营养价值极高且极易被消化吸收的绿色食品,在我国已具有了很好的市场发展前景.本文对影响天然干酪产率和品质的关键工艺--凝乳进行了研究.选取凝乳酶添加量、酸度、CaCl2量和凝乳温度为四个影响因素进行正交试验,以乳清中蛋白质、脂肪的残留量为指标,优选凝乳条件.最后综合凝乳时间、乳清中蛋白质和脂肪的残留量这三个指标,得出凝乳的最佳工艺组合:凝乳温度35℃、酸度18°T、CaCl2添加量0.02%、凝乳酶添加量0.006%.