Partial and total replacement of fishmeal with poultry by-product meal in diets for gibel carp, Carassius auratus gibelio Bloch

Triplicate groups of gibel carp Carassius auratus gibelio Bloch (initial body weight: 4.89 g) were fed for 8 weeks at 24.8–30.8°C with nine isonitrogenous and isoenergetic diets. The control diet (F1) used white fishmeal (FM) as the sole protein source. In the other eight diets (F2–F9), 40.5–100% of FM protein was substituted by poultry by‐product meal (PBM) at 8.5% increments. The specific growth rate (SGR), feed efficiency ratio, protein efficiency ratio, protein retention efficiency and energy retention rate for fish fed PBM diets (F2–F9) were all higher, but not always significantly, than those for fish fed F1. All apparent digestibility coefficients for fish fed PBM diets were lower than those for fish fed F1. Fish fed F1 had a significantly higher hepatosomatic index value than fish fed PBM diets (P<0.05). No significant (P>0.05) effect of diet was found in whole‐body moisture and fat content. Whole‐body protein and energy content for fish fed PBM diets were slightly higher than that for fish fed F1. The optimal replacement level of FM by PBM was estimated by second‐order polynomial regression to be 66.5% in protein.     

集成云架构在横沙渔港信息化建设中的应用

渔业信息化大大提高了渔业生产、销售、质量跟踪等过程的效率。为了进一步提高渔港企业的生产效率,本文提出了一种基于云计算的渔业信息系统集成架构。本文从基础架构、平台与数据集成、软件应用服务三个方面阐述了渔业信息系统的集成与部署。经过实践证明,应用该架构可以提高渔业信息系统的效率、可用性和灵活性,减少维护成本。     

儋州水稻株型与产量及冠层光分布的关系研究

在海南儋州地区水稻蜡熟期田间抽样调查的基础上,分析了水稻的株型与产量及群体冠层光照强度分布的相关关系.结果表明:每穗总粒数和结实率是影响水稻产量的主要因素,植株形态指标倒3叶、倒3节间、倒4节间、倒5节间长及株高与产量呈显著正相关:透射率与倒5节间长呈显著正相关,与倒1叶长呈显著负相关,与倒2叶、倒3叶、倒1节间、倒2节间、倒3节间、倒4节间长相关关系不显著;截光率与倒l叶长呈显著正相关,与倒3节间、倒4节间、倒5节间长呈显著负相关,与倒2叶、倒3叶、倒1节间、倒2节间长相关关系不显著;此外,株高与透射率呈显著正相关,与截光率呈显著负相关.     

区域绿色小杂粮产地土壤质量评价——以山西省长治市为例

长治市13个县(市)的杂粮产地土壤质量监测和评价结果表明:产地92个样点的综合污染指数均小于0 7,污染等级属安全级,污染水平属清洁水平。土壤有机质含量>15g/kg(Ⅰ级)的占52 17%;10～15g/kg(Ⅱ级)的占33 70%;<10g/kg(Ⅲ级)的占14 13%。土壤全氮含量>1 0g/kg(Ⅰ级)的占32 61%;0 8～1 0g/kg(Ⅱ级)的占28 26%;<0 8g/kg(Ⅲ级)的占39 13%。土壤有效磷含量>10mg/kg(Ⅰ级)的占26 09%;5～10mg/kg(Ⅱ级)的占32 61%;<5mg/kg(Ⅲ级)的占41 30%。土壤有效钾含量>120mg/kg(Ⅰ级)的占91 30%;80～120mg/kg(Ⅱ级)的占7 61%;<80mg/kg(Ⅲ级)的占1 09%。土壤质量整体状况良好,适宜发展A级绿色食品。     

蓝黄青口服液对鸡传染性喉气管炎疫苗免疫的影响

为测定蓝黄青口服液(LHQY)对鸡传染性喉气管炎(ILT)免疫以及红细胞免疫力的影响,试验分为4组,分别为对照组、LHQY(浓度为1∶1500)饮水组、鸡传染性喉气管炎和鸡痘基因工程活载体疫苗免疫组和二者同时给予组.结果显示,LHQY给药后3d就能极显著提高健康鸡的RBC-CR1花环率和RBC-IC花环率(P＜0.01),并且这种作用效果可以持续20d以上;与疫苗同用,RBC-CR1花环率和RBC-IC花环率均显著或极显著高于健康对照组和疫苗组(P＜0.05,P＜0.01).进行攻毒保护试验,发现LHQY用药组的RBC-CR1花环率和RBC-IC花环率均极显著高于感染对照组(P＜0.01),LHQY与疫苗混合使用这两种花环率也极显著高于感染对照组(P＜0.01),并整体高于疫苗组.说明蓝黄青口服液能显著提高鸡红细胞免疫功能,对ILT有很好的预防和治疗作用.     

校园绿化病虫害生态防治探讨

以中国矿业大学南湖校区校园绿化病虫害发生情况为例,分析说明校园绿化病虫害的发生原因,提出以"生态防治"为主的理念,即以可持续发展为目标,通过加强校园绿化养护、绿地抚育管理,采取以物理防治和生物防治为主、化学防治为辅、多种措施相结合的综合防治措施,积极进行生态植保,逐步建立一个和谐、稳定、相对平衡的生态型校园。     

2010—2019年江苏省渔业船舶水上安全事故分析及对策建议

依据中国渔政指挥系统江苏省渔业船舶水上安全事故的统计资料,对2010—2019年事故的发生时间、事故起数、死亡人数、事故类型和事故等级等方面进行了统计分析。结果表明,江苏省渔业船舶水上安全事故以一般等级事故居多,事故发生时间呈现一定规律性,渔船自身安全隐患突出,从业人员岗位技能不足,渔船安全管理责任不到位。基于分析结果,提出压降一般等级事故,遏制较大等级以上事故,提高风险管控和事故防范能力的对策建议。     

Effects of stocking density on the survival,growth and physical injury of Marsupenaeus japonicus juveniles in a flowing water aquaculture system

Stocking density is a biotic factor affecting the production of cultivated animals in aquaculture. Herein, a rearing trial was conducted to investigate the impact of stocking density on the survival, growth performance and physical injury of Marsupenaeus japonicus juveniles in a flowing water aquaculture system. Five stocking densities were examined in this study, that is, 10, 20, 40, 80 and 160 individuals/m². Throughout the experiment, ammonia nitrogen and nitrite concentrations ranged from 0.02 ± 0.006 mg/L to 0.08 ± 0.035 mg/L and 0.002 ± 0.001 mg/L to 0.076 ± 0.021 mg/L respectively. The survival rate, specific growth rate (SGR), weight gain (WG), absolute growth rate (AGR) and coefficient of variation for weight (CV) across the stocking densities ranged from 90.38 ± 3.20% to 94.33 ± 4.73%, 1.42 ± 0.16%/day to 1.53 ± 0.05%/day, 1.09 ± 0.19 g to 1.15 ± 0.16 g, 0.018 ± 0.003 g/day to 0.019 ± 0.004 g/day and 16.21 ± 5.78% to 35.09 ± 10.68% respectively. Within the investigated densities, the survival rate and the abovementioned growth parameters were not significantly (p > .05) affected by the stocking density, consequently, a higher stocking density resulted in a significantly (p < .05) greater final biomass. The results regarding physical injury showed that the antennal breakage rate displayed a tendency of a positive correlation with the stocking density. Overall, the current study provides basic data for establishing a viable intensive farming system for M. japonicus and a promising indicator for easily assessing the crowding stress status of M. japonicus.     

珍珠鳖体重与形态性状的相关性研究

选择池塘养殖3月龄珍珠鳖(Apalone ferox Schneider)116只,测量体高(BD)、背甲长(CL)、背甲宽(CW)、腹甲长(PL)、腹甲宽(PW)、后侧裙边宽(BAW)和体重(BW)共7个性状数据。运用相关分析、通径分析和多元回归分析,剔除回归方程中检验不显著的CW、PW、BAW,计算以CL、PL、BD 3个形态性状为自变量,BW为因变量的相关系数、通径系数、决定系数及相关指数,研究了珍珠鳖BW与形态性状的相关性。结果显示:3个形态性状与BW的相关系数(0.939,0.936,0.794)均达到极显著水平(P<0.01);通径分析中,3个形态性状对BW的通径系数亦达到极显著水平(P<0.01),其中CL(0.419)和PL(0.389)对BW的直接影响作用最大。所选形态性状与BW的相关指数R2=0.918,说明所选形态性状是影响BW的主要性状。应用逐步多元回归分析建立了以BW为因变量,PL、CL和BD为自变量的回归方程:BW=-124.147+1.667BD+0.936CL+1.180PL。     

共轭亚油酸的性质及其生理功能

共轭亚油酸(CLA)是亚油酸同分异构体的混合物,是主要来源于反刍动物食品的天然营养成分。它具有抗癌、抗氧化、降低血清胆固醇、减少脂肪沉积、促进生长以及调节免疫等作用,是一种新型保健功能脂质,因此在药物和食品等研究领域中有很广阔的应用前景。在查阅大量文献的基础上,综述了CLA的来源、合成以及各种生理功能,以期为其应用及开发研究提供较为详细的信息资料。