共轭亚油酸的性质及其生理功能

共轭亚油酸(CLA)是亚油酸同分异构体的混合物,是主要来源于反刍动物食品的天然营养成分。它具有抗癌、抗氧化、降低血清胆固醇、减少脂肪沉积、促进生长以及调节免疫等作用,是一种新型保健功能脂质,因此在药物和食品等研究领域中有很广阔的应用前景。在查阅大量文献的基础上,综述了CLA的来源、合成以及各种生理功能,以期为其应用及开发研究提供较为详细的信息资料。     

提高猪肉风味的饲料对育肥猪血液生化指标的影响

选择临床健康、70日龄的杜长大三元杂交仔猪60头,随机分成试验组和对照组,每组30头。对照组只喂给基础日粮,试验组饲喂提高猪肉风味的饲料,两组均在同一条件下,按常规方法饲养管理,饲喂90d结束试验。试验结束后,空腹耳静脉采血,离心分离血清,测定血清中14项生化指标。试验结果表明,提高猪肉风味的饲料对肥育猪血液各项生化指标无明显影响。     

中华鳖CD3γ/δ、CD3ε和CD3ζ分子的克隆与表达分析

本研究克隆了中华鳖(Pelodiscus sinensis)T细胞表面标记分子CD3γ/δ、CD3ε和CD3ζ的基因,分析了其在组织/器官表达的分布,并进一步揭示了嗜水气单胞菌(Aeromanas hydrophila)感染后这些基因的表达变化。中华鳖CD3γ/δ和ε分子结构相似,均含有1个免疫球蛋白样结构的胞外区、1个跨膜区和含有1个ITAM结构域的胞浆区。与之不同的是,CD3ζ含有1个仅由10个氨基酸组成的胞外区、1个跨膜区和含有3个ITAM结构域的胞浆区。通过生物信息学分析显示,CD3γ/δ由6个外显子和5个内含子组成,CD3ε由7个外显子和6个内含子组成,且CD3γ/δ和CD3ε位于染色体Scaffold JH208224中反向排列且相距9.9 kb。CD3ζ位于染色体Scaffold JH209116.1上,由8个外显子和7个内含子组成。荧光定量PCR分析显示,CD3γ/δ、ε和ζ在脾、肝、肠、血液中表达量较高,在胸腺、肾、心脏、肌肉和肺中表达量低。腹腔注射嗜水气单胞菌12 h后,CD3γ/δ、ε和ζ在胸腺中都呈显著的上调表达,分别为对照组的69.3倍、85.7倍和163.4倍,表明细菌感染可以诱导CD3分子的表达。     

饲料中添加复合芽孢杆菌对草鱼消化道酶活性及肠道菌群的影响

用含复合芽孢杆菌(105cfu/g饲料,枯草芽孢杆菌和解淀粉芽孢杆菌以1∶1比例混合)的基础日粮,按体重3%的日投饵量,饲喂体重(51.37±0.58)g的草鱼(Ctenopharyngodon idellus),饲养实验45 d。结果表明:与对照组相比,处理组肠道内容物胰蛋白酶活性提高了79.46%(P<0.01);肝胰腺脂肪酶活性提高了16.82%(P<0.01),肝胰腺淀粉酶和胰蛋白酶活性无显著差异(P>0.05)。肠道菌群数量分析显示,处理组肠道芽孢杆菌数均显著提高(P<0.01),弧菌和大肠杆菌数显著降低(P<0.01)。结果提示,饵料中添加复合芽孢杆菌能够改善草鱼肠道菌群组成,并提高消化道特定消化酶活性。     

中华绒螯蟹交配系统的形态功能

为深入了解中华绒螯蟹(Eriocheir sinensis)的交配过程,利用急速冷冻、扫描电镜、组织学等技术,对其交配系统的形态特征进行观察.结果表明,中华绒螯蟹交配系统具有短尾派蟹类的典型特征,即第一附肢(G1)比第二附肢(G2)长.G1整体粗壮光滑,由连接腹部的原肢和内肢组成.内肢长而挺直,呈三角柱状,两侧边缘融合...     

高体鳑鲏幼鱼集群行为的研究

为了考查高体鳑鲏(Rhodeus ocellatus)幼鱼的集群行为,研究选取248尾幼鱼,组成1、2、4、8和16尾高体鳑鲏幼鱼的群体(N = 8),在(25 ± 1)℃水温条件下进行15分钟的视频拍摄、运动轨迹提取和分析。结果显示：①高体鳑鲏的自发游泳速度多介于0-10 cm/s之间,其速度中位数随群体大小上升呈先下降后上升的趋势(P ﹤ 0.05),但各组间游泳速度的同步性随群体大小的上升而下降(P ﹤ 0.05);②焦点鱼和群体中其它个体的最近邻距离(NND)多出现在0-10 cm之间,且2和4个体组的NND显著大于8和(或)16个体组(P ﹤ 0.05);③2和4个体组排列的极性显著高于8和16个体组(P ﹤ 0.05)。研究结果表明群体大小对高体鳑鲏集群行为的特征有显著影响,随群体大小上升,凝聚力上升,但协调性有所下降。     

IBA对芍药扦插生根的影响及生根过程中相关酶活性的变化

以芍药‘大富贵’品种为材料, 用1 000、2 000和3 000 mg·L^-1 3个浓度的IBA处理进行扦插对比试验, 研究其生根过程中过氧化物酶( POD) 、多酚氧化酶( PPO) 、吲哚乙酸氧化酶( IAAO) 活性的动态变化。结果表明: IBA处理极显著地提高了插穗的生根率、根数和总根长, 其中以2 000 mg·L ^-1为IBA最佳生根浓度, 将生根周期缩短18 d, 并明显提高了生根质量。在生根过程中, 插穗中POD、PPO活性分别呈现“缓慢上升→下降→急剧上升→下降”和“降→升→降”的变化趋势, 但与对照组相比, 处理组的变化更为剧烈, 峰值出现提前了18 d。IAAO活性在对照和处理中呈现不同的变化趋势: 前者为“升→降→升”, 而后者为“降→降→升”。此外, 高活性的POD、PPO有利于不定根的形成, 低活性的IAAO则促进生根。     

Effect of inhibiting nuclear factor-kappa B on TNF-α-induced expression of angiotensinogen and production of angiotensinⅡ in glomerular mesangial cells

AIM: To study the effect of inhibiting nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) activity on the expression of angiotensinogen (AGT) and the production of angiotensinⅡ (AngⅡ) induced by tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in glomerular mesangial cells (MCs) of SD rats. METHODS: The MCs of SD rats were isolated and divided into three groups as follows: control; MCs treated with TNF-α, and the MCs treated with TNF-α + pyrrolidinedithiocarbamate (PDTC). The activity of nuclear factor-kappa B was measured by electrophoretic mobility shift assay. The expression of AGT was determined by RT-PCR for mRNA and Western blotting for protein. The concentration of angiotensinⅡ in supernatant was measured by RIA. RESULTS: The NF-κB activity in the MCs treated with TNF-α (20.67±9.14)×102 μg/cell was significantly higher than that in control cells ［(8.25±4.35)×102 μg/cell, P<0.01］ and the MCs treated with TNF-α+PDTC ［(7.20±4.57)×102 μg/cell, P<0.01］, and no significant difference was found between control and the MCs treated with TNF-α＋PDTC (P>0.05). The AGT mRNA level in the MCs treated with TNF-α (0.27±0.05) was higher than that in the control cells (0.20±0.05, P<0.05), and no significant difference was observed when compared with that in the MCs treated with TNF-α＋PDTC (0.22±0.06, P>0.05). The expression of AGT protein in the MCs treated with TNF-α (0.60±0.19) μg/cell was higher than that in the control ［(0.37±0.15)μg/cell, P＜0.05］ and the MCs treated with TNF-α＋PDTC ［(0.37±0.17)μg/cell, P<0.05］, and no significance was found between the MCs treated TNF-α＋PDTC and the control (P>0.05). The AngⅡ level in supernatant of cultured MCs treated with TNF-α ［(9.73±2.38)×10-5 ng·L-1/cell］ was significantly higher than that in the control ［(7.50±1.51)×10-5 ng·L-1/cell, P<0.05］ and in the MCs treated with TNF-α＋PDTC ［(6.94±1.46)×10-5 ng·L-1/cell, P<0.05］, however, the difference between the MCs treated with TNF-α＋PDTC and the control was of no significance (P>0.05). CONCLUSION: TNF-α activates the NF-κB in glomerular MCs, induces the AGT expression and the production of AngⅡ. Inhibition of NF-κB decreases the AGT expression and the production of AngⅡ. Therefore, the effects of TNF-α on AGT and AngⅡ may be mediated by NF-κB.     

银杏叶对辣椒植株发酵液自毒作用的化感调控

采用1/2霍格兰（Hoagland）营养液水培法,研究辣椒植株发酵液的自毒作用及银杏叶发酵液和 再腐解液对其的调控作用。结果表明,辣椒植株发酵液使辣椒受到自毒作用,根系活力下降,相对电导 率增大。银杏叶发酵液加重了辣椒植株发酵液的自毒作用,并且与其浓度成正相关。银杏叶再腐解液缓 解了辣椒的自毒作用,缓解效果与再腐解液的浓度有关。     

Effects of cytokines on renovation of acute renal failure in mouse with bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cell transplantation

AIM: To observe the effects of cytokines on renovation of acute renal failure (ARF) in mouse with bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) transplantation. METHODS: ARF animal model was induced in mouse by subcutaneous injection of cisplatin. Mice were randomly assigned into 3 groups: normal control group, ARF group and MSC group. After 24 h cisplatin injection, animals were injected intravenously with MSC in MSC group. Animals were sacrificed at 1 d, 4 d, 7 d, 14 d and 28 d after cisplatin injection. The blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and serum creatinine (Scr) were measured. The renal morphologic changes were scored with Paller’s criterion on hematoxylin and eosin (HE) stained sections. The mRNA and protein expressions of HGF, BMP-7, TNF-α and IL-10 were detected by RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry method. RESULTS: After 4 d of cisplatin injection, the BUN and Scr values in MSC group were significantly lower than those in ARF group (P<0.01). After 7 d and 14 d, the values of BUN and Scr in MSC group were still lower than those in ARF group (P<0.01, P<0.05). The renal morphologic scores of MSC group were also lower than those of ARF group. After 7 d, the expressions of HGF, BMP-7 and IL-10 were higher in MSC group than those in ARF group, the expression of TNF-α in MSC group was lower than that in ARF group. CONCLUSION: MSC promotes the recovery of acute renal failure induced by cisplatin. The mechanism may partly depend on paracrine of growth factor and amelioration of inflammatory.