农村饮用水安全软环境存在问题浅析——以天津市部分区县供水为例

农村饮水安全工程对于加快实现全面建设小康的社会目标,改善农村人居环境和保障最广大农民群众身体健康和生命安全具有重要意义和深远影响.     

2009／10年度棉花市场形势分析与展望

2009／10年度中国棉花种植面积大幅下降,单产持平略增,产量下降,全球经济危机逐步消退,纺织工业开始恢复,国内棉花供求出现偏紧。新棉上市后,收购和市场价格同比大幅上升。预计未来一个时期,受国内外棉花市场种种不确定因素影响,中国棉花市场的风险性依然较大,国家应采取积极措施,稳定发展国内棉花生产。     

黄颡鱼毒棘结构研究

黄颡鱼（Pelteobagrus fulvidraco）是较为典型的淡水刺毒鱼类,本研究结合宏观毒棘骨骼标本制作和微观组织切片等方法,深入探究黄颡鱼的毒棘结构。研究结果表明,黄颡鱼的胸鳍和背鳍均具有尖锐的倒刺棘骨,棘骨外包围着皮膜,皮膜拥有能分泌毒液的毒腺细胞,它们共同组成了黄颡鱼毒棘装置。毒棘骨骼宏观结构表明,黄颡鱼的背鳍和胸鳍毒棘均具有贯穿全棘骨的中央管和包围棘骨的皮膜;背鳍棘骨细长、锥形,且轻微拱起,顶部骤尖,后缘为弱锯齿;胸鳍棘骨前后缘均有锯齿,但后缘为强锯齿。背鳍和胸鳍毒棘基部结构的髁突形状、大小、位置全然不同。微观结构显示,皮膜中的毒腺细胞聚集成层,位于鳞状上皮与色素层之间,未见导管与之相连,背鳍和胸鳍毒棘的分支性骨管中均未发现毒腺细胞。胸鳍和背鳍锁紧装置可让毒棘保持倒伏或者直立的锁定状态,降低猎物挣脱几率。本研究可深入了解黄颡鱼的毒棘结构和特征,增强人们对刺毒鱼类的认知,同时为淡水刺毒鱼类深入研究奠定基础。     

黄土丘陵区丰水年产流产沙特征分析

设置标准径流小区进行长期定位监测,探讨天然降雨条件下,流域内不同土地利用方式对坡面产流产沙的影响,以期为该流域土地利用规划、水土流失综合治理、生态环境改善提供理论依据.基于汾河上游阳坡小流域内2种坡度、6种不同土地利用方式的8个径流小区,开展自然降雨观测、径流泥沙观测.结果表明:(1)试验期降雨超过多年同期平均雨量,属...     

影响蒙牛低温酸奶消费行为的因素分析

在现代经济社会中,每个企业都需要树立自己的品牌,而树立自身品牌首先要了解目标顾客,分析目标顾客,从而拿出更好的服务与产品来服务目标顾客,所以对消费者的行为研究至关重要。以回龙观地区为例,以蒙牛低温酸奶为切入点,研究居民对低温酸奶消费行为的影响因素,对了解国内低温酸奶市场,促进国内低温乳业健康发展具有一定的作用。     

Effect of dietary n-6-to-n-3 fatty acid ratio on complete blood and total white blood cell counts, and T-cell subpopulations in aged dogs

OBJECTIVE: To determine effect of diets with variable n-6-to-n-3 fatty acid (FA) ratio on CD4+ and CD8+ T-lymphocyte subpopulations, and on results of routine laboratory analyses (CBC and total WBC count, serum biochemical analyses, and urinalysis). ANIMALS: 20 healthy, aged (9.5 to 11.5 years old) female Beagles. PROCEDURE: Dogs were fed 1 of 3 diets that contained 6% fat by weight but differed in amounts of n-6 and n-3 FA. For 11 weeks, 6 dogs were fed a low concentration of n-3 FA (ratio, 31:1), 7 were fed a medium concentration (5.4:1), and 7 were fed a high concentration (1.4:1). Preprandial blood and urine samples were collected before beginning the study and at 8 weeks for evaluation of laboratory variables. Before and at 3, 6, and 8 weeks during the study, blood was drawn for total WBC and lymphocyte counts and for characterization of T-cell subpopulations. At 8 and 10 weeks, dogs were vaccinated with keyhole limpet hemocyanin suspension. Blood was drawn 4 days after each vaccination, and lymphocytes were isolated for flow cytometry. Effects of diet and vaccination on each variable were determined. RESULTS: After vaccination, total lymphocyte count increased and CD4+ T lymphocyte count and the CD4(+)-to-CD8+ ratio decreased in dogs consuming the diet with n-6-to-n-3 FA ratio of 1.4:1. CONCLUSION: Feeding a diet with n-6-to-n-3 FA ratio of 1.4:1 had significant effects on CD4+ T lymphocytes in healthy, aged Beagles after vaccination.     

绵羊中草药饲料添加剂预试初报

为了帮助我国北方旱区或半干旱区绵羊度过草枯严寒的漫长冬、春季，开发研制一种能够提高现有草料利用率的绵羊中草药饲料添加剂。根据中兽医药学的辨证施治理论，采用小鼠日粮添加倍量秸秆粉和不同中草药复方的方法，在120只小鼠上进行了增重率和重料比的中草药复方的筛选研究。结果表明，以益气养血和消食健胃为主的两个中草药复方能够较好地改善小鼠的增重率和重料比。     

寿光鸡杂交试验

用寿光鸡与黑乌骨鸡、斗鸡和AA鸡进行杂交试验，结果表明：①寿光鸡与黑乌骨鸡杂交，其F2代体增重介于两品种之间，跖长比寿光鸡降低17．2％；羽型多表现为扁羽，约15％为丝状羽；皮肤为白色；均为5趾。②鲁西斗鸡与寿光鸡杂交F3代与寿光鸡相比，体增重降低6．3％，料重比增加5．9％，胸宽增加5．3％。③寿光鸡与AA鸡杂交，F1代增重速度比寿光鸡本身提高85．2％，料重比降低14．3％。④白乌骨鸡比黑乌骨鸡增长快，F1代比黑乌骨鸡100日龄增重提高24％，比白乌骨鸡本身增重快9．1％。     

不同干扰类型下滇西北高寒草甸土壤化学计量特征

为了解不同干扰类型对土壤养分的影响,本研究以云南迪庆州高寒草甸为对象,分析了封育?+?火烧、封育?+施肥、封育和放牧4种不同干扰类型下的土壤碳(C)、氮(N)、磷(P)、钾(K)化学计量特征.结果表明:1)在同一类型干扰下,土壤C、N、P、K浓度随着土层深度的增加而降低.土壤C、N、P、K浓度与土层深度表现为负相关关系...     

Effects of magnesium on the performance of sows and their piglets

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of supplemental magnesium (Mg) on the performance of gilts and parity 3 sows and their piglets. Fifty-six gilts (Trial 1) and 56 sows (Trial 2) were assigned to one of 4 treatments according to their mating weight, respectively. The treatments comprised corn-soybean meal based gestation and lactation diets (0.21% magnesium) supplemented with 0, 0.015, 0.03, or 0.045% Mg from mating until weaning. The results showed that magnesium supplementation significantly (P < 0.05) reduced the weaning to estrus interval in both gilts and sows. There were significant effects (P < 0.05) of supplemental magnesium on the total number of piglets born, born alive and weaned in sows. In late gestation and lactation, the digestibility of crude fiber (quadratic effects, P < 0.05), and crude protein (P < 0.05), were significantly influenced by magnesium in gilts and sows, respectively. There were differences among the 4 groups in terms of the apparent digestibility of dry matter and crude fiber in sows (P < 0.05) during both early and late gestation. The apparent digestibility of gross energy was increased for sows in late gestation (P < 0.05), and lactation (quadratic effects, P < 0.05). At farrowing and weaning, serum prolactin levels and alkaline phosphate activities linearly increased in sows as the Mg supplementation increased (P < 0.05). Serum Mg of sows at farrowing and serum urea nitrogen of sows at weaning was significantly influenced by Mg supplementation (P < 0.05). The Mg concentration in sow colostrum and the serum of their piglets were increased by supplemental magnesium (P < 0.05). In addition, growth hormone levels were linearly elevated (P < 0.05) in the serum of piglets suckling sows. Our data demonstrated that supplemental magnesium has the potential to improve the reproduction performance of sows, and the suitable supplemental dose ranged from 0.015% to 0.03%.