Identifying the alien chromosomes in wheat – Leymus multicaulis derivatives using GISH and RFLP techniques

Genomic in situ hybridization (GISH) and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) were used to identify the Leymus multicaulis (XXNN, 2n = 28) chromosomes in wheat-L. muliticaulis derivatives. Fifteen lines containing L. multicaulis alien chromosomes or chromosomal fragments were identified. All alien chromosomes or fragments in these 15 lines were from the X genome and none were from the N genome. Eleven L. multicaulis disomic addition lines and four translocation-addition lines were identified with chromosome rearrangements among homoeologous groups 2, 3, 6 and 7. Only homoeologous group 1 lacked rearrangements in addition or translocation chromosomes. The results revealed that translocation in non-homoeologous chromosomes widely exists in the Triticeae and therefore it is necessary to identify the alien chromosomes (segments) in a wheat background using these combined techniques. During the course of the work, probe PSR112, was found to detect X genome addition lines involving L. multicaulischromosomes. This may prove to be a valuable probe for the identification of alien chromosomes in a wheat background. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Cytological and genetical studies of a male sterile celery

Summary The inheritance and nature fo male sterility of a cerley (Apium graveolens L.) strain (MS1) is reported. Male sterility in MS1 is determined by a a recessive genotype for a single locus. Tests for linkage with the isozyme chromosome markers SDH-1 and PGM-1 were negative. MS1 male sterility was associated with a defective tapetum characterized by prominent vacuoles and premature degeneration. The stamens in the male sterile strain persisted in the flowers up to stigma receptivity, while in the male fertile plants they dropped before style expansion. The male sterile flowers produced normal amounts of nectar, resulting in cross pollination by various species of pollinators. It was estimated that the sterile strain produced 30% less seed than normal male fertile. Its possible use for hybrid celery seed production is discussed.Research supported by grants from the California Celery Research Board and BARD I-483-82.     

浅析贵州茶叶加工业与国内外比较的现状及发展对策建议

浅析了贵州茶叶加工业与国内外比较的现状、存在问题、茶叶产业发展优势和加工生产潜力，提出了贵州茶叶加工业发展的对策建议和主要措施，通过确立发展目标和规划，建立优势区域原料生产基地和地方特色茶产业，以达到加快发展贵州茶叶加工业的目的。     

Innovation of Construction Projects Management Based on the Five-dimension Modeling

Nowadays,the computer technology is applied more and more widely in the architecture,engineering and construction industries(AEC).This paper introduces a methodology of construction project management based on the five-dimension modeling which integrates three-dimension building models,resources and schedules by the development of virtual construction technology.The application of this method also influences several aspects of project management such as range,time,cost,resource,communication and information management.Finally,the process of 5D modeling and the management practice are presented through a real life case in Beijing which proves to be a more efficient,productive and economy project.     

秋水仙素和二甲基亚砜诱导矮败小麦孤雌生殖的效应

在隔离区内，以矮败小麦轮回选择群体中的不育株为供试亲本，用秋水仙素（Ｃｏｌ）和二甲基亚砜（ＤＭＳＯ）诱导孤雌生殖。结果表明，Ｃｏｌ和ＤＭＳＯ均具有诱导不育株孤雌生殖的作用，并且二者之间存在极显著的互作效应。同一药剂不同的诱导方法，其诱导效果有差异；小穗剪颖处理的孤雌生殖结实率较高；处理时间和套袋与否对孤雌生殖结实率影响不显著。孤雌生殖纯系在纯度和遗传稳定性方面均接近于对照品种（丰抗８号）。从遗传理论和育种实践的角度，讨论了药物诱导矮败小麦孤雌生殖的可行性及在小麦育种中的应用价值     

Analysis of Reliability of the Harary Graph

When the vertices fail independently with each other by a constant probability,the reliability of a sraph is defined to be the probability that the graph results from deleting thefailed venices together with the incidence edges is connected. The Harary graph,a class of graphswith the best connectivity is considered in this paper,the bound of it's reliability is obtained,and theasymptotic property of reliability is also analysed.     

轴流风机通风降温试验

在现有通风系统的基础上，六个风道内各安装一台活动式可拆卸轴流风机，冬季启动风机进行通风，取得了良好的通风降温效果，达到了通风降温目的，且通风均匀，能耗低，减轻了操作劳动强度。并且拆卸方便，不影响风道密闭隔热。     

普×爆F2代膨爆特性的分离特征研究

对两个普×爆组合F2代群体膨爆特性的分析结果表明，F2代膨爆特性较差，采用常规系谱法从中选育出优良爆裂玉米自交系的机率较小；膨爆特性可能是由主效基因存在的多基因控制的数量性状；各性状间多呈显著或极显著正相关，膨化体积对膨化倍数的直接正向作用最大，百粒重的直接负向作用最大，穗粒重和爆花率主要通过膨化体积起正向间接作用。     

棉花对淹水胁迫的适应机制

淹涝是造成棉花减产的重要灾害因素。在淹水胁迫下,棉花的生长发育会受到不利影响,中、重度持续淹水还会引起棉花减产甚至绝产。但是,棉株自身具有完整的适应保护机制,遭受淹水胁迫后通过启动逃避机制、静止适应机制和再生调节补偿机制,适应淹水胁迫、减少涝害损失。本文重点就棉花对淹水胁迫的3个适应机制进行了详细论述,就淹水胁迫对棉花生长发育、生理特性和产量性状的影响以及缓解棉花淹水伤害的主要措施与方法也作了简要评述。     

桃叶片POD、SOD、CAT活性与树体矮化和生长的关系

为探讨矮化桃树的酶学机制，笔者以普通型桃-春艳、短枝型桃-超红短枝和极矮化型桃-寿星桃叶片为试材，对其生长期中过氧化物酶（POD）、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶（CAT）的活性与树体矮化和生长的关系进行了研究，以期为桃树矮化密植、丰产优质和优良短枝型品种的选育提供理论依据。结果表明，三种生长类型桃叶片内POD、SOD、CAT活性均达到了极显著水平，但季节性变化规律相似；酶活性的大小与桃树的矮化程度密切相关，即极矮化型桃的酶活性〉短枝型桃的〉普通型桃的，且POD的活性与树体生长势在三类型桃间均呈显著负相关；超红短枝叶片内SOD活性和寿星桃叶片内CAT活性与其对应的节间长度间的差异均达到了显著负相关水平。所以POD活性可以作为矮化品种的一个预选指标。