密度分级规格竹条制备的竹层板性能

选取7个密度等级的规格竹条,将相同密度等级的规格竹条组坯制备竹层板,并分别对其物理力学性能进行评价。结果表明:竹层板的密度与相应的规格竹条密度具有一致性;竹层板的顺纹抗拉弹性模量与强度、顺纹抗压强度、抗弯弹性模量与强度等均值随其密度的增大呈现增大的趋势;而三点弯冲击韧性随密度的增加呈现先增加后减小的趋势,且不同密度竹层板力学性能指标有交叉,相同密度等级的竹层板力学性能指标变异性较大。规格竹条密度分级能够有效控制竹层板的密度,仅在一定程度上优化竹层板的力学性能。     

Effects of Fermentation Compound Herbal Medicine on Production Performance and Immune Function of Weaned Piglets

The feed additive was composed of six Chinese Herbal (CH) (including Poria, Astragalus, Cork, Orange peel, Hawthorn and Radix), which were fermented by Lactobacillus and used as a feed additive for piglets basal diet. Similar to group of antibiotic and herbal medicine, fermented herbal medicine was additived to basic diet in four trials with eight replications per trial, determining effect on the growth performance, biochemical and immunological indicators. Compared with the control group, the group of fermented herbal compound had higher Average Daily Gain (ADG), higher content of immune globulin M (IgM) and immune globulin A (IgA) (p<0.05). There was no significant effect on the indicators of ADG, Average Daily Feed Intake (ADFI) and diarrhea rate (p>0.05) between groups of antibiotic and fermented herbal were observed; however, the concentrations of Total Protein (TP), Growth Hormone (GH), IgG, IgM and IgA significantly increased (p<0.05) compared with the control group.     

不同干燥方式对白萝卜干制品品质的影响

为了解不同干燥方式对白萝卜干制品品质和微观结构的影响及变化情况,以新鲜白萝卜为原料,采用振动远红外干燥方式和传统远红外干燥方式对白萝卜进行干燥,研究其对营养成分、复水比、干燥时间、脱水速率、感官品质以及微观结构的影响。结果表明:振动远红外干燥方式干制的白萝卜样品中蛋白质、维生素C、芥子油苷、总糖、脂肪和复水比明显高于传统远红外干燥方式制得的样品;相比于传统远红外干燥方式,干燥时间缩短了0.67 h,脱水速率提高了40.58%;干制品感官品质和微观结构均优于传统远红外干燥方式。研究为远红外干燥方式在白萝卜方面的应用提供理论依据与技术参考。     

No consistent daily variation in DNA methylation detected in <Emphasis Type="Italic">Populus nigra</Emphasis> leaves by methylation-sensitive amplification polymorphism analysis

DNA methylation, an epigenetic mechanism used by cells to control gene expression, has an important biological role in plant development and environmental fitness. Since plant DNA methylation is closely related to environmental conditions, variation during the day is expected. Here, in genetically identical plants of Populus nigra clone N46, DNA methylation changes in leaves over a 24 h period were detected using the methylation-sensitive amplification polymorphism method. The results showed different DNA methylation patterns in mature poplar leaves: not only in individuals at the same time, but also in samples at each of the six time during the day. In addition, night samples had a higher percentage of methylation than in morning samples. However, no statistically significant differences were found among the samples gathered at different times. Similar results were obtained for three other P. nigra clones with different genetic backgrounds. Real time qPCR showed that the DNA methyltransferase genes Pt-MET1 and Pt-SOM1 involved in CG DNA methylation in poplar were stable over a 24 h period in leaves of P. nigra N46 compared with circadian-controlled genes. That could be part of the reason that methylation of CCGG sites is stable in those leaves. That DNA methylation differed even in genetically identical plants indicates the specificity of DNA methylation changes in their genomes. No statistically significant differences in methylation changes were found between day and night, suggesting that DNA methylation is more stable than expected and is unlikely to be involved in circadian regulation in plants.     

蛋白质组学在大豆中的研究进展

蛋白质组学分析是目前分离、鉴定蛋白差异表达最为有效的研究手段之一,其核心技术包括以双向电泳为主的蛋白质分离技术、以质谱分析为核心的蛋白质鉴定技术以及计算机图像数据处理和数据库的构建。蛋白质组学分析方法是功能基因组研究的重要支柱。文章总结了蛋白质组学分析用大豆蛋白提取方法的改进,综述了蛋白质组学技术在大豆与根瘤菌相互作用、大豆组织器官蛋白、生长发育相关蛋白研究上的应用以及在生物及非生物胁迫、细胞器水平、大豆遗传多样性及转基因鉴定领域的研究进展,同时对大豆蛋白质组学的发展前景进行了展望。     

珠江三角洲Copula径流模型及西水东调缺水风险分析

基于两变量Copula函数模拟、变点识别和均值平移时序重构方法,构建珠江三角洲西水东调工程受水区东江和水源区西江的枯水径流联合分布模型。以生态环境流量及最小流量管理目标为设计阈值,研究区域联合缺水风险特征及对变化环境的响应。结果表明：Archimedean copula的Clayton、Frank和GH模型,均能较好地模拟两区域枯水径流联合分布特征。变化环境下特别是流域内水利工程径流调节作用,东江枯水径流时序非一致性显著,均值跳跃明显,变点时间为1972年,最枯月径流量增加了65.5%。若要满足最小下泄流量管理目标,东江缺水风险率较高,为37.7%。与东江天然径流（还原系列）相比,在东江流域内水利工程影响下（还现系列）,东、西江同时缺水风险率由35.8%下降到16.7%。但由于2江枯水径流的正相关性,西江有水可调保证率也由54.8%下降到21.0%。在已知东江缺水情形下,西江有水可调保证率（55.8%）仅略高于西江缺水风险率（44.2%）。因此,珠江三角洲西水东调工程运行,需要科学设计更为精细的水资源调度规则。     

Bioevaluation of human serum albumin-hesperidin bioconjugate: insight into protein vector function and conformation

Hesperidin is a flavanone glycoside widely available for dietary intake in citrus fruits or citrus fruit derived products; however, exhaustive and reliable data are scarcely available for biological activity when it exerts protective health effects in humans. The principal intent of this work is to check binding domain and structural changes of human serum albumin (HSA), the primary carrier of flavonoids, in blood plasma association with hesperidin by employing molecular modeling, steady state and time-resolved fluorescence, and circular dichroism (CD) methods. From molecular modeling simulations, subdomains IIA and IIIA, which correspond to Sudlow's sites I and II, respectively, were earmarked to possess affinity for hesperidin, but the affinity of site I with flavanone is greater than that of site II. This corroborates the site-specific probe and hydrophobic 8-anilino-1-naphthalenesulfonic acid (ANS) displacement results placing the hesperidin at warfarin-azapropazone and indole-benzodiazepine sites. Steady state and time-resolved fluorescence manifested that static type, due to HSA-hesperidin complex formation (1.941 × 10(4) M(-1)), is the operative mechanism for the diminution in the tryptophan (Trp)-214 fluorescence. Moreover, via alterations in three-dimensional fluorescence and CD spectral properties, we can securely draw the conclusion that the polypeptide chain of HSA is partially destabilized after conjugation with hesperidin. We anticipate that this study can provide better knowledge of bioavailability such as absorption, biodistribution, and elimination, of hesperidin in vivo, to facilitate the comprehension of the biological responses to physiologically relevant flavanones.     

针盘式粉碎机圆柱齿钉二维绕流数值模拟

为了分析针盘式粉碎机静圆柱齿钉的气动力学特性,利用计算流体力学(diesel engine emission experiments,CFD)方法,对粉碎机中二维单圆柱齿钉的绕流问题进行研究。在进行计算之前,采用均匀来流中的圆柱绕流问题对计算模型进行验证,并且对数值计算中的网格和时间步长独立性均进行了算例考核。结果表明:在雷诺数小于200的范围内,流动出现3种不同的流态;在稳定分离区中圆柱齿钉上的附着涡最大长度约等于齿钉直径,且附着涡随雷诺数增加出现了消亡的现象;在不稳定泄涡区流动只在较小的雷诺下呈现出周期性,圆柱齿钉上受到流体周期性的升力和阻力均很小,在较大雷诺数下,流动的无量纲频率增加,且不再由单个频率主导,出现了一个频带;在不稳定泄涡区的无量纲频率比均匀来流中的圆柱绕流情况小一个数量级。该文为研究粉碎机圆柱齿钉在高雷诺数下的受力情况提供了参考。     

日粮添加酵母硒对蛋鸡血清生化指标的影响

本试验在蛋鸡日粮中添加不同浓度的酵母硒,测定蛋鸡血清生化指标,旨在探究酵母硒对蛋鸡肝脏功能的影响。结果表明:日粮添加酵母硒对蛋鸡血清谷草转氨酶(Aspartate aminotransferase,AST)、谷丙转氨酶(Alanine aminotransferase,ALT)、总胆红素(Total bilirubin,TBIL)无显著影响;日粮添加酵母硒显著降低了血清总胆固醇(Total cholesterol,TC)含量,其中0.80 mg/kg的酵母硒效果最好,第28天比对照组下降了38.06%。认为日粮添加酵母硒没有对蛋鸡肝脏功能产生不良影响,且有保护心血管的作用。