壮丰安对冬小麦春生叶生理功能的调控效应初步研究

试验以京冬６号和京冬８号为材料,研究了新型植物生长调节剂－壮丰安对冬小麦春生叶片生理功能的调控作用,结果表明：壮丰安处理使春生１－５片叶长度,宽度及叶面积减少,控制了冬小麦前期旺长;使旗叶长度,宽度及叶面积增加;使叶片叶绿素总量及可溶性蛋白质含量增加;使叶片过氧化物酶,过氧化氢酶及超氧化物歧化酶活性提高,使叶片综合性状得到改善,促进灌浆,提高产量。     

马蓝次生代谢产物研究进展

马蓝是一种常用的道地药材,地下根茎与根常作为生产板蓝根及制剂的原料,具有多种药效功能。药用植物中有效成分大多数为植物次生代谢产物,但当前就马蓝次生代谢方面的研究却鲜有报道。本研究以植物的次生代谢为出发点,结合马蓝目前已经报道的药效成分研究现状,着重从酚类、萜类、含氮化合物3种次生代谢产物对马蓝次生代谢产物研究概况进行阐述,旨在为马蓝药效成分形成的分子机制研究提供理论基础,为进一步开展马蓝种质创新工作奠定基础。     

皮肤癣菌微量液基稀释法抗真菌先导化合物敏感性试验方法的建立

为考察抗真菌先导化合物的抗皮肤癣菌活性.建立一种皮肤癣菌微量液基稀释法抗真菌先导化合物敏感性试验方法.以NCCLS(CLSI)M38-A产孢丝状真菌抗真菌药敏试验参考方案为基础,笔者对6种溶媒对红色毛癣菌生长系数的影响进行了考察.对红色毛癣菌的孢子接种量、所用培养基、孵育温度和时间以及终点判定等条件进行了修正.各种溶媒的工作浓度应该分别不高于1%(N,N-二甲基甲酰胺)、8%(聚乙二醇200)、2%(二甲基亚砜)、4%(丙酮)、8%(无水乙醇)、2%(1,2-丙二醇).红色毛癣菌孢子接种量在1×104～5.0×104CFU/ml、培养温度28℃、培养时间7d、80%的菌株生长受到抑制时作为判定的终点是理想的测定条件.改良后的M38-A方案,其试验结果可靠,具有很强的重现性,适合作为考察先导化合物的抗皮肤癣菌活性的药敏试验方法.     

病原微生物药敏检测方法的研究进展

抗生素敏感试验在当前病原微生物耐药性持续增长的形势下,已成为指导临床科学合理用药不可或缺的重要环节.因此,药敏检测方法的完善与发展是快速获取科学、准确微生物耐药谱的前提,也是实现有效临床治疗的重要保障.本研究介绍了当前应用于微生物药物敏感检测的常规方法,如纸片扩散法、稀释法、Etest法等,简要分析了它们之间的优缺特性,并对近年来一些新兴发展的快速药敏检测方法进行了总结以及展望了不同类型药敏检测方法的发展和应用趋势.     

巨尾枝干燥特性研究

研究巨尾桉木材的干燥特性并制定干燥基准,为实际生产中制定合理的干燥工艺提供理论依据.采用百度试验法,在(100±2)℃恒温干燥条件下对巨尾桉试件进行干燥试验,根据干燥过程中巨尾桉试件的初期开裂、内裂、截面收缩等干燥缺陷制定出巨尾桉木材的干燥基准.巨尾桉试件的初期开裂、内部裂纹、截面变形、扭曲变形和干燥速度分别为1级、2级、3级、2级和2级;体积干缩率为19.04％,弦向干缩率为9.60％,径向干缩率为6.65％,纵向干缩率为0.33％.巨尾桉的干燥初期温度为60℃,干燥初期干湿球温度差为3～5℃,干燥终期温度为75℃.厚度为25 mm的巨尾桉板材在强制循环干燥窑内干燥至10％所需的时间为10(8)天(括号内为硬基准条件下的干燥时间).巨尾桉试件主要缺陷是内裂和截面变形,在实际生产过程中要尽量使用软基准,干燥中、后期适时进行调湿处理.     

亚洲百合杂交亲和性研究

本实验用常规授粉的方法,对亚洲百合自交、系内杂交和系间杂交亲和性进行了研究,旨在为百合育种研究提供一定的依据。通过试验发现,自交试验中只有‘Mount Duckling’得到膨大的果实;系内杂交试验中共计19个杂交组合,其中13个组合得到膨大的果实,10个组合得到胚;系间杂交试验中以2个东方百合品种为父本,共计12个杂交组合,均未得到胚。通过研究还发现,正反交对结实率也有很大影响。     

引进亚洲百合新品种的筛选

本研究以国外引进的11个亚洲百合品种为试验材料,通过箱式栽植将其种植在国家花卉工程中心温室内,并对植株生长高度、花蕾和花径大小等综合性状进行对比与分析,从中筛选出了适宜北京地区温室栽培的‘Black Out’、‘Cheops’和‘Navona’等3个百合切花品种以及名为‘Mount Duckling’的1个盆栽品种。本研究为亚洲百合新品种的筛选提供了一定的参考价值。     

柑橘皮渣降解酶的筛选

从6种果胶酶中,筛选出对柑橘皮渣降解作用良好的果胶酶W1,适宜用量为0.05%;从5种纤维素酶中,筛选出对柑橘皮渣降解作用良好的纤维素酶R-10,适宜用量为0.01%。由果胶酶W1和纤维素酶R-10组成的复合酶,适宜的酶解温度为30℃,酶解时间为24h。     

Dynamics of Integration between Chinese and International Waste Paper Markets

ABSTRACT

China is the largest importer of waste paper in the world and is highly dependent on the international market. Thus, the relationship between Chinese and international waste paper markets affects the supply of fiber materials in China’s paper industry. This study examined the dynamic relationship between the two markets and the impact of newly implemented policies on both markets. We used unit root tests, cointegration test, vector error correction model (VECM) and frequency-domain Granger causality test to investigate the integration between Chinese and international waste paper markets and identify which of the two markets is the price leader. The results revealed that the two markets were integrated after controlling for structural breaks, and the Chinese market acted as the price leader. Since the supply of waste paper and wood pulp is insufficient in China to meet the fiber demand of the paper industry, waste paper import restrictions have significantly affected the supply of fiber materials in China’s paper industry. Therefore, the Chinese government should fully consider the benefit of market integration and make full use of international waste paper resources to satisfy the large domestic demand for paper products.     

No consistent daily variation in DNA methylation detected in <Emphasis Type="Italic">Populus nigra</Emphasis> leaves by methylation-sensitive amplification polymorphism analysis

DNA methylation, an epigenetic mechanism used by cells to control gene expression, has an important biological role in plant development and environmental fitness. Since plant DNA methylation is closely related to environmental conditions, variation during the day is expected. Here, in genetically identical plants of Populus nigra clone N46, DNA methylation changes in leaves over a 24 h period were detected using the methylation-sensitive amplification polymorphism method. The results showed different DNA methylation patterns in mature poplar leaves: not only in individuals at the same time, but also in samples at each of the six time during the day. In addition, night samples had a higher percentage of methylation than in morning samples. However, no statistically significant differences were found among the samples gathered at different times. Similar results were obtained for three other P. nigra clones with different genetic backgrounds. Real time qPCR showed that the DNA methyltransferase genes Pt-MET1 and Pt-SOM1 involved in CG DNA methylation in poplar were stable over a 24 h period in leaves of P. nigra N46 compared with circadian-controlled genes. That could be part of the reason that methylation of CCGG sites is stable in those leaves. That DNA methylation differed even in genetically identical plants indicates the specificity of DNA methylation changes in their genomes. No statistically significant differences in methylation changes were found between day and night, suggesting that DNA methylation is more stable than expected and is unlikely to be involved in circadian regulation in plants.