Effect of powdered phosphogypsum on the infiltration rate of sodic soils

Summary Loess and grumusol soils with sodicity levels of 2.5, 6.5 and 17–21 percent were spread over with 3, 5 and 10 t/ha of powdered phosphogypsum (PG) and were rained with distilled water (DW). Phosphogypsum at the rate of 5 t/ha increased the final infiltration rate (FIR) of the loess with ESP of 2.5, 6.5 and 21.0, from 3.0, 1.1 and 0.9 mm/h, respectively in the control to 13.4, 8.5 and 8.3 mm/h, respectively.The final infiltration rate of the same soils with the same ESP levels, rained on with saturated gypsum solutions was lower than that obtained by the PG powder treatment. It was suggested that, besides their effect on the electrolyte concentration of the percolating water, PG particles on the soil surface interfere with the continuity of the crust and may act also as a mulch, and thus increase the IR of the soil.Contribution from the Agricultural Research Organization, The Volcani Center, Bet Dagan, Israel. No. 1024-E, 1984 series     

Discrimination of Cognacs and other distilled drinks by mid-infrared spectropscopy

Mid-infrared spectroscopy was applied to the analysis and discrimination of Cognacs and other distilled drinks (Armagnacs, whiskies, brandies, bourbons, rums, and counterfeit products). Strong correlations were found between dry extract spectra, polyphenolic dry extract spectra, and the total polyphenol concentration of samples, notably of Cognacs. Principal component analysis applied to spectral data made it possible to emphasize the importance of dry extract data when a distinction is made between Cognacs and Armagnacs, whiskies, bourbons, and rums, and of polyphenol concentration when Cognacs, brandies, and counterfeit products are separated. Ninety-six percent of samples in the test set were correctly assigned to Cognacs and non-Cognacs by partial least-squares discriminant analysis.     

Mesophilic and thermotolerant actinomycetes in strongly heated soils

Mesophilic and thermotolerant actinomycetes were identified in strongly heated desert-steppe soils of Mongolia, mountainous meadow soils of the Central Caucasus, and cyanobacterial films on volcanic ash near hot springs of Kamchatka. Thermotolerant actinomycetes in these soil objects were more abundant and had a greater taxonomic diversity in comparison with mesophilic actinomycetes. Thermotolerant Streptomyces were present in all the objects, except for sample 117 from the desert-steppe soil and the cyanobacterial film on volcanic ash. Thermotolerant actinomycetes from the Micromonospora and Actinomadura genera predominated in the desert-steppe soil; representatives of the Micromonospora genus predominated in the cyanobacterial film on volcanic ash, and representatives of the Microtetraspora genus predominated in the samples of geyserite near hot springs of Kamchatka.     

The Impact of Soil Allelotoxicity on Germination of Grain Seeds

Eurasian Soil Science - The inhibition of seeds of grain crops germination in soils of the East European Plain in comparison with sand has been found. It resulted from the pot experiments that the...     

Combinatorics and Soil Classification

Eurasian Soil Science - Experimental data on 1029 soil profiles examined in the area of the Chashnikovo Experimental and Training Soil-Ecological Center of Moscow State University in Moscow region...     

Changes in the Ameliorative Status of Irrigated Soils of Volgograd Oblast in the 21st Century

Eurasian Soil Science - The ameliorative status of irrigated soils was estimated on the basis of reclamation cadaster data for 2001 and 2016 on 17 state irrigation systems in three nature regions...     

Antagonism and Resistance to Antibiotics of Actinomycetes from Soils of Three Specially Protected Natural Territories

Eurasian Soil Science - The relevance of the study of antibiotic resistance of microorganisms in specially protected natural areas is due to the need to control the spread of resistance among...     

Secondary Salinization of Reclaimed Solonetzes and Its Aftereffect

Eurasian Soil Science - The studies were performed at the long-term stationary experiment on crusty hydromorphic solonetzes of the Baraba Plain during 1986–2017. In the humid year of 2013,...     

Russian Soil Classification System: Towards the Next Approximation

Eurasian Soil Science - The current status of soil classification in Russia is considered: its usage; difference among variants of 1997, 2004, and 2008; and reasons, means, and methods for its...     

International Environmental Legislation on the Content of Chemical Elements in Soils: Guidelines and Schemes

Eurasian Soil Science - We analyzed the original and most developed environmental legislation of the Netherlands, Germany, the United States, and Canada, as well as the systems of Finland, the...