Chronic cork oak decline and water status: new insights

Chronic decline and Sudden death are two syndromes of cork oak (Quercus suber) dieback. Mortality is associated with water stress, but underlying physiological mechanisms are poorly understood. Here, we investigated the physiological performance of declining trees during the summer drought. Leaf water potential, gas-exchange, fluorescence of photosystem II and leaf and root starch concentration were compared in healthy (asymptomatic) and declining trees. Low annual cork increment in declining trees indicated tree decline for several years. All trees showed similar water status in spring. In summer, declining trees showed lower predawn leaf water potential (?2.0 vs. ?0.8 MPa), but unexpectedly higher midday leaf water potential than healthy trees (?2.8 vs. ?3.3 MPa). The higher midday water potential was linked to by means of strongly reduced stomatal conductance and, consequently, transpiration. This study is pioneer showing that declining trees had high midday water potential. A tendency for lower sap flow driving force (the difference between predawn and midday water potential) in declining trees was also associated with reduced photosynthesis, suggesting that chronic dieback may be associated with low carbon uptake. However, starch in roots and leaves was very low and not correlated to the health status of trees. Declining trees showed lower water-use efficiency and non-photochemical quenching in summer, indicating less resistance to drought. Contrarily to chronic decline, one tree that underwent sudden death presented predawn leaf water potential below the cavitation threshold.     

人工林班克松木材材质径向变异规律研究

以人工林班克松的木材解剖性质为研究对象,分析研究其株内木材材质径向变异模式,对其幼龄材和成熟材进行初步界定。结果表明：早材管胞径弦向直径和晚材胞壁率的变化符合PashinⅠ模型,早材胞壁率的变化符合PanshinⅢ模型;回归分析中早材拟合度较晚材好;幼龄材和成熟材的初步界定年限为9-11a。     

红花檵木种质资源研究与利用

红花檵木为湖南特有野生资源,回顾了红花檵木种质资源研究利用的历史,简述了红花檵木的种质资源、生态习性、形态特点、细胞学及生物学特征、栽培管理与利用等方面的研究,对其研究与利用前景进行了展望,提出加快红花檵木研究的迫切性.     

Modeling of light transmission under heterogeneous forest canopy: an appraisal of the effect of the precision level of crown description

• Context  

Light availability in forest understory is essential for many processes; it is, therefore, a valuable information regarding forest management. However, its estimation is often difficult and direct measurements are tedious. Models can be used to compute understory light, but they often require a lot of field data to accurately predict light distribution, particularly in the case of heterogeneous canopies.     

中国综合花卉市场营销策略研究

花卉市场作为花卉产品的集散中心,给花卉业的建设和发展带来了新的生机和活力,大大促进了花卉产业化的形成和发展。文章采用典型调查、动态研究、比较研究的方法,研究分析了我国花卉市场营销的发展现状、存在的问题,并提出了中国现阶段综合性花卉市场的定位、选址、规模、管理模式、经营特色、市场行为规范、售后服务、宣传方式、打造特色品牌、设施建设等方面的营销策略,以期望能够对中国综合性花卉市场建设具有指导意义。     

基于ETM＋影像融合的土地覆盖分类研究——以蓬安县为例

借助ERDAS软件,运用遥感数据融合技术对四川省蓬安县进行基于ETM＋融合影像的土地覆盖分类初步研究。研究中采用相同的训练样本区及最大似然法分类方法,对融合前后影像分别进行土地覆盖分类,通过对分类影像的Producers Accuracy,Users Accuracy,Kappa Accuracy三者的精度数据对比分析,上述的影像融合方法对提高土地覆盖分类的精度较为明显;就3种融合方法及重采样方式而言,乘积法融合法和立方卷积重采样法相对更为可取。     

湿式氨法烟气脱硫技术国内适用性探讨

分析了湿式氨法脱硫技术在我国烟气治理方面的适用性,通过与目前占主导地位的石灰石-石膏法进行综合性比较,发现湿式氨法脱硫技术工艺虽不够成熟,但其在经济和环境特性方面优势明显,非常适合我国国情,应大力发展并推广应用.     

湖南省森林公益效能的经济评价Ⅰ森林的木材生产效益与水源涵养效益

根据多年定位测定的数据以及<湖南省森林资源主要数据汇编>、<湖南省农业区划(8)>和湖南省水利厅有关资料,对湖南省森林的木材生产效益和水源涵养效益进行计量评估,结果表明,湖南省现有的森林每年生长木材488.7675万m3,年平均生产木材效益24.44亿圆,而其森林的水源涵养效益中,森林贮水功能效益9.84亿圆,防洪效益3.68亿圆,枯水期增加的水资源利用效益26.73亿圆.其涵养水源总效益共计40.25亿圆,是木材效益的1.65倍,同时,即使是灌草坡地调节水分的能力也明显高于裸地,因此.从水文学观点出发,对于难以造林的山坡、山顶,要注意灌木林的保护和经营,使其发挥更好的防水功能.     

赤水河流域毛竹林生产力对尿素和不同配方系列复合肥的响应1）

采用随机区组设计,试验了氮、磷和钾水平不同组合的复合肥配方系列及尿素对赤水河流域毛竹林生产力的影响。结果表明：①不同处理对毛竹林出笋成竹量和成竹率、新竹平均胸径和胸高断面积、以及竹秆、枝叶等地上生物量有增产效应,差异不显著。综合效应指数排序为复合肥F （271．34％）＞尿素（228．33％）＞复合肥G （160．46％）＞对照（100．00％）。②复合肥F的出笋量、成竹量、新竹平均胸径、胸高断面积,秆材量和枝叶生物量分别为对照的110．53％、107．22％、103．61％、113．62％、114.93％和109．70％。除出笋量增幅仅中下水平外,成竹量、新竹质量和生物量增幅较大,适宜于毛竹林大径材培育。③复合肥G和尿素的出笋成竹量增幅较大,复合肥G的新竹质量和生物量增幅较小,不及尿素的中上水平,前者可作为笋用林和笋材兼用林培育肥种、肥效较低,后者肥效应较高、不利于地力维护,生产上宜慎用。