Association of a missense mutation in the luteinizing hormone/choriogonadotropin receptor gene （LHCGR） with superovulation traits in Chinese Holstein heifers

Background: Upon binding luteinizing hormone in the ovary, the luteinizing hormone/choriogonadotropin receptor (LHCGR) is necessary for follicular maturation and ovulation, as well as luteal function. We detected mutations in the LHCGR gene and evaluated their association with superovulation. Methods: Using polymerase chain reaction-single strand conformation polymorphism (PCR-SSCP) and DNA sequencing, we examined polymorphisms in LHCGR and the genotypes associated with superovulation traits in 127 Chinese Holstein heifers. Results: A G/T polymorphism (ss52050737) in exon 11 was significantly associated with the total number of ova and the number of transferable embryos. Conclusions: LHCGR may be a new predictor for superovulation in Chinese Holstein heifers.     

甘肃省肃南县草地治蝗灭鼠工作经验

总结了肃南县１９５５年以来草原治蝗灭鼠为单一人工药物防治发展到生物新技术与新药物相结合的综合治理经验,提出了今后科技力量,开展多渠道,多学科,多部门协作防治的发展方向。     

复合有机铁对母猪繁殖性能及其抗氧化能力的影响

为研究复合有机铁对母猪繁殖性能、血液理化指标及抗氧化能力的影响,试验选用体重接近、胎次接近、预产期一致的健康“长×白”二元杂母猪30头,随机分为3组,每组10个重复,每个重复1头母猪,3个处理组分别在基础日粮中补充硫酸亚铁、甘氨酸亚铁、复合有机铁。结果显示:较硫酸亚铁组,复合有机铁组产程缩短23.57%、胎产健仔数增加14.00%、初生窝重增加14.14%(P < 0.05);母猪血红蛋白含量、红细胞数和红细胞压积分别提高19.88%、10.53%、8.33%(P < 0.05);母猪抗氧化酶活性和机体抗氧化能力提高47.33%(P < 0.05),丙二醛含量降低37.05%(P < 0.05)。综上所述,母猪日粮中额外补充复合有机铁源能提高母猪繁殖性能,改善血液理化指标,增强母猪抗氧化能力。     

应对蛋鸡热应激的综合措施

随着环境温度的逐步变暖,气温逐步升高。热应激对鸡机体生理反应的机理更加明显。只有采取综合措施,才能使蛋鸡的生产性能不受太大的影响,即使在高温条件下,养殖户仍能取得较好的效益。在生产上采取建筑防暑降温,调节蛋鸡生产所需的各种营养及加强饲养管理来达到预防热应激的目的。     

短期禁牧对天山北坡蒿类荒漠群落特征及其稳定性的影响

本研究以天山北坡蒿类荒漠为研究对象,采用野外调查取样的方法,探讨不同区域荒漠围栏内外群落特征和物种多样性对禁牧的响应规律,分析禁牧对生态系统稳定性的影响。结果表明,1)禁牧能改变荒漠植被功能群结构,禁牧后不同生态经济类群群落盖度和生物量分别上升40.2%~57.0%和44.4%~81.0%;2)荒漠群落物种多样性指数对短期禁牧的响应较小,但从区域上看,玛纳斯荒漠放牧区Patrick丰富度指数、Shannon-Wiener多样性指数比博乐和奇台显著高16.7%~20.0%,而禁牧区Simpson优势度指数、Shannon-Wiener多样性指数、Pielou均匀度指数高了8.6%~17.7%;3)短期禁牧有利于荒漠群落稳定性的维持,且稳定性可能与禁牧年限和生态环境的变化均有一定的关系。因此,短期禁牧能显著提高荒漠草地生产力,有利于群落物种多样性和群落稳定性的维持。     

Effect of Fagopyrum dibotrys (D.Don) Hara on Growth Performance,Immune Function and Intestinal Structure of Broilers

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of Fagopyrum dibotrys (D.Don) Hara on growth performance,immune function and intestinal structure of broilers. A total of 270 one-day-old healthy Tiejiaoma broilers were chosen and randomly divided into 3 groups with 6 replicates per group and 15 broilers per replicate.Control group was fed with the basal diet,group Ⅱ was fed with basal diet adding 8% flavomycin 60 mg/kg +15% aureomycin 270 mg/kg and group Ⅲ was fed with basal diet adding 1% Fagopyrum dibotrys (D.Don) Hara. The trial period lasted for 21 days. The results showed as follow:① At 21 days of age,the average daily feed intake of group Ⅲ was significantly lower than that of groups Ⅰ and Ⅱ (P<0.05).However,there was no significant difference in the average daily gain and F/G among the three groups (P>0.05).②At 21 days of age,the thymus and bursa of Fabricius indexes of groups Ⅱ and Ⅲ were significantly higher than that of group Ⅰ (P<0.05);But the spleen index were not significantly different among the three groups (P>0.05).③ At 21 days of age,the content of IgA and IgM in serum of groups Ⅲ were significantly higher than that of group Ⅰ (P<0.05),and the content of IgG in serum of groups Ⅱ and Ⅲ were significantly higher than that of group Ⅰ (P<0.05).④At 21 days of age,the content of IL-2,TNF-α and sIgA in intestinal mucosa of groups Ⅱ and Ⅲ were significantly higher than that of group Ⅰ (P<0.05),and the content of IL-6 in intestinal mucosa of group Ⅲ were significantly higher than that of groups Ⅰ and Ⅱ (P<0.05).⑤At 21 days of age,the villus height of jejunum in groups Ⅱ and Ⅲ were significantly higher than that of group Ⅰ (P<0.05),the villus height/crypt depth of jejunum in group Ⅱ was significantly higher than that of groups Ⅰ and Ⅲ (P<0.05). However,the crypt depth was not significantly different among the three groups (P>0.05).In conclusion,that Fagopyrum dibotrys (D.Don) Hara could not affect the growth performance of broilers,but it could improve the development of immune organs,increase the secretion of serum immunoglobulin, promote the immune function of intestinal mucosa and intestinal morphology of jejunum.     

日本曲霉和顶青霉的毒性试验

对从云南省盘溪和剑川地区发霉稻草中分离出的日本曲霉(Aspergillus japonicusSaito),从盘溪发霉稻草和剑川马匹粪便中分离出的顶青霉(Penicillium corylophilum Dierckx)分别进行了荧光检测、脂肪分解2 项理化学特性鉴定。将2 株菌的固体和液体培养物,置室温产毒再经杀菌等方法处理后,进行了家兔皮肤涂抹试验,雏鸭和家兔的菌粮饲喂试验,小鼠皮下、腹腔注射试验,家兔耳缘静脉注射试验。日本曲霉能产生荧光,分解脂肪,使家兔皮肤增厚和引起红肿、结痂,能引起部分试验雏鸭、全部试验小鼠、部分试验家兔死亡;顶青霉能产生荧光,使家兔皮肤增厚和出现轻微红肿反应,能引起全部试验小鼠死亡。剖检试验动物均见程度不同的病理学改变。以上结果表明,日本曲霉和顶青霉对小动物均具有一定的毒力。     

猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒和致病性沙门氏菌的混合感染

2003年9～11月某猪场发生母猪持续性繁殖障碍和7日龄仔猪呼吸困难、寒颤、下痢、体温升高和实质性器官出血为主要特征的疾病。3头发病仔猪的病变组织用RT-PCR检测。均为猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒(PRRSV)阳性；由3头发病猪病料中所分离的细菌。可于普通琼脂、伊红美蓝和麦康凯琼脂培养基上生长，革兰氏染色阴性，形态与组织触片镜检及生化反应特性与沙门氏菌一致，可致死小鼠。仅对头孢唑啉呈中度敏感。结合该病的流行病学调查、临床症状、病理剖检，确诊为猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒(PRRSV)和致病性沙门氏菌混合感染。     

试验性氟中毒对肉鸭肝细胞凋亡的影响

为研究肉鸭氟中毒与肝细胞凋亡的关系及其形态学改变,选用8日龄的天府肉鸭160只,随机分成4组,分别在常规饲料中添加0、350、450和550 mg/kg的氟化钠攻毒,攻毒后每隔8 d,每组扑杀5只,采用末端脱氧核苷酸转移酶 (TdT)介导的dUTP缺口末端标记法 (TUNEL)对试验性氟中毒肝组织标本进行处理和标记,光镜下观测24、40、56日龄肉鸭肝细胞凋亡的百分率和形态学改变。TUNEL检测结果显示,在肉鸭氟中毒模型中,DAB着色的阳性细胞呈凋亡细胞的典型形态特征;肝细胞凋亡的百分率较对照组明显升高。结果表明,肉鸭氟中毒时以肝细胞早期和中期凋亡为主,随着摄氟时间的延长和摄氟剂量的加大,肝细胞由凋亡逐渐发展为坏死。表明过量氟在体内毒性作用和肝细胞凋亡密切相关。     

纳罗克非洲狗尾草种子产量因子与产量的通径分析

采用多因素裂区试验设计,通过大样本相关、通径和逐步回归分析后,结果表明,纳罗克非洲狗尾草Setaria sphacelata cv. Narok的6个种子产量因子对种子产量的直接贡献大小排序为：x4（单位长度小花数）>x6（千粒重）>x1（花序长）>x2（单位面积生殖枝数）>x3（单位长度小穗数）>x5（单位长度种子数）,说明提高单位长度小花数、千粒重和花序长是最有效提高纳罗克非洲狗尾草种子产量的途径,其次提高单位长度小穗数、单位长度小花数和单位面积生殖枝数。