番茄灰霉病分子诊断方法研究

为提供番茄灰霉病的早期诊断技术,应用其病原菌灰葡萄孢种特异片段P729分子标志,建立了PCR检测方法,并进行了实验室和大田现场标本的评价。结果显示番茄灰霉病的分子诊断方法在实验室具有特异、稳定和可靠的特点。比较6种抽提基因组DNA的方法,方法B效果理想。应用建立的分子诊断方法可从0.2μg灰葡萄孢菌丝中获得阳性扩增,具有相当高的灵敏性;大田样本的检测结果说明该方法可用于番茄灰霉病的早期诊断。     

水稻直播栽培技术

水稻直播就是不需人工育秧、移栽,而直接将种子播于大田的一种轻简栽培方式.通俗地说就是象种麦一样的种稻,近几年该项技术在本地区推广较快,大多数农民都获得了较高的效益,但也有极少数农户由于在化除技术、品种选择等方面掌握不够造成减产.盐都区土肥站从2005年开始,结合测土配方施肥、化学除草、品种选择全方位入手,对水稻直播进行了研究,取得了较好的结果,现将我们掌握的资料整理如下.     

麦冬须根正丁醇萃取物化学成分的分离与鉴定

为了研究麦冬须根中的化学成分,本研究采用大孔吸附树脂、ODS和Sephadex LH-20多种柱色谱技术对麦冬须根乙醇提取物的正丁醇萃取物进行分离纯化;通过波谱数据与理化性质分析并结合文献进行化合物结构鉴定.从麦冬须根的正丁醇萃取物中分离得到10个化合物,其结构分别鉴定为5-甲氧基-6-甲基-7-羟基-8-醛基-3S-...     

挤压加工对谷物配料成分及鱼类生长性能的影响

挤压是一种常用的食品和饲料加工方法,挤压过程中的高温、高压和机械剪切的综合作用对加工中各种配料的营养成分会产生重要影响,并且因此而影响到饲喂动物的生长性能。通过对小麦、大麦、豆粕和玉米蛋白等常用配料在挤压前后化学成分变化情况的对比分析,指出了挤压加工的配料其生物有效性、饲料转化率、表观消化率及微量元素等指标变化对鱼类生长性能的重要影响。     

浅析影响锤片式粉碎机效率的因素

<正>随着饲料工业的发展,饲料产品需求成倍的增长,粉碎机作为饲料加工中的一个重要设备(电耗一般占生产线总电耗的1/3～2/3),其粉碎效率是一个值得探讨的问题。通常饲料厂粉碎机的种类分为:对辊式、锤片式、齿爪式,现今饲料厂用的大多是锤片式饲料粉碎机,本文重点对此种粉碎机进行介绍。     

卵泡颗粒细胞维持山羊卵母细胞减数分裂抑制状态的研究

通过在卵母细胞体外成熟过程中添加不同浓度的卵丘细胞或其外围壁层颗粒细胞进行共培养,对山羊卵母细胞成熟过程中卵泡颗粒细胞对卵母细胞减数分裂抑制作用及作用机制进行了探索.结果表明,成熟液中添加105和106个/mL卵丘细胞或外围壁层颗粒细胞的卵母细胞体外成熟率与对照组相比差异不显著(P>0.05),但添加5×106个/mL(41.2%)和107个/mL(24.6%)卵丘细胞或外围壁层颗粒细胞组的成熟率显著降低(P<0.05);添加5×106和107个/mL卵丘细胞组和颗粒细胞组卵丘不能正常扩展,卵母细胞核状态观察,停留在GV期;Rp-cAMP(Rp-cyclic adenosine monophosphothioate)膜渗透性cAMP对抗剂,诱导了107个/mL的卵丘细胞组(71.6%)和外围壁层颗粒细胞组(71.3%)的卵母细胞体外成熟率与对照组(72.O%)差异不显著(P>0.05).在山羊卵母细胞体外成熟过程中,添加一定浓度的卵丘细胞及其外层的颗粒细胞可以提高卵母细胞胞质内的cAMP的水平,抑制卵母细胞减数分裂的启动,使卵母细胞停留在GV期.     

家具出口企业亏损日甚掌控行销挣脱困境

今年是我国家具出口企业第三个困难年,大企业利润下降,中小企业效益滑坡。大面积亏损,主要原因是原材料价格继续上涨,美元贬值和人民币升值三大因素。     

Sparing effect of tramadol,lidocaine, dexmedetomidine and their combination on the minimum alveolar concentration of sevoflurane in dogs

BackgroundProblems associated with using inhalational anaesthesia are numerous in veterinary anaesthesia practice. Decreasing the amount of used inhalational anaesthetic agents and minimising of cardiorespiratory disorders are the standard goals of anaesthetists.ObjectiveThis experimental study was carried out to investigate the sparing effect of intravenous tramadol, lidocaine, dexmedetomidine and their combinations on the minimum alveolar concentration (MAC) of sevoflurane in healthy Beagle dogs.MethodsThis study was conducted on six beagle dogs. Sevoflurane MAC was determined by the tail clamp method on five separate occasions. The dogs received no treatment (control; CONT), tramadol (TRM: 1.5 mg kg^-1 intravenously followed by 1.3 mg kg^-1 h^-1), lidocaine (LID: 2 mg kg^-1 intravenously followed by 3 mg kg^-1 h^-1), dexmedetomidine (DEX: 2 μg kg^-1 intravenously followed by 2 μg kg^-1 h^-1), and their combination (COMB), respectively. Cardiorespiratory variables were recorded every five minutes and immediately before the application of a noxious stimulus.ResultsThe COMB treatment had the greatest sevoflurane MAC-sparing effect (67.4 ± 13.9%) compared with the other treatments (5.1 ± 25.3, 12.7 ± 14.3, and 40.3 ± 15.1% for TRM, LID, and DEX treatment, respectively). The cardiopulmonary variables remained within the clinically acceptable range following COMB treatment, although the mean arterial pressure was higher and accompanied by bradycardia.ConclusionsTramadol-lidocaine-dexmedetomidine co-infusion produced a remarkable sevoflurane MAC-sparing effect in clinically healthy beagle dogs and could result in the alleviation of cardiorespiratory depression caused by sevoflurane. Cardiorespiratory variables should be monitored carefully to avoid undesirable side effects induced by dexmedetomidine.     

Utilization of Sake lees as Broiler Feedstuff and its Effects on Growth Performance and Intestinal Immunity

Increasing food loss and waste (FLW) is a global problem, and efforts are being made to use waste food as potential livestock feed material. The amount of self-supplied feed is lower in Japan than in other countries, and the government recommends FLW use for animal feed. Sake (Japanese rice wine) is a traditional alcoholic beverage. During the sake manufacturing process, large amounts of squeezed solids or “lees” (sake lees) are generated. Sake lees are nutritious and functional, but are prone to spoilage. In this study, we investigated whether sake lees should be mixed with animal feed immediately or after drying. To assess the usefulness of sake lees as a poultry feed ingredient and determine the effect of sake lees on intestinal immunity, we performed a feeding trial with three treatments: a raw sake lees (RSL) diet, dried sake lees (DSL) diet, and control diet. Three-week-old broilers were fed these diets (n=8 per group) for two weeks. We then calculated feed efficiency and performed RT-qPCR to assess the effects of diet on intestinal immunity. The growth performance in the RSL diet group was equivalent to that in the control diet group. The DSL diet became difficult for broilers to eat, resulting in decreased growth performance. In the ileum of RSL-diet broilers, the mRNA expression levels of TGF-β1 and avian β-defensin (AvBD)12 were significantly increased compared to those of control diet broilers (p<0.05), and a significant correlation was observed between the two genes (p<0.05). Our results indicated that sake lees should not be dried and should be mixed immediately with feed, and this sake lees when fed to chicken activates the intestinal immunity. However, sake lees have a lower fat content than corn, and it is thus important to combine sake lees with high-energy feed.