施钾对扬麦158等小麦品种的养分吸收与生物产量的影响

采用田间试验、室内分析与数理统计相结合的方法研究了不同施钾水平对扬麦158在不同生育期体内的氮（N）、磷（P）、钾（K）含量、吸收量及干物质积累量的影响，还比较了同一施肥水平下，扬麦158等7个品种的养分吸收差异。结果表明，拔节-孕穗阶段是小麦养分吸收和生物产量积累的最快时期。不同生育阶段除含磷量较为稳定外，氮、钾变幅大，因此，在制定施肥方案时，应重视氮、钾的合理配合，以满足小麦“高产、优质、高效”生产的营养需要。     

沿海拔梯度分布的柑橘园中土壤肥力因子与丛枝菌根共生体的关系

Arbuscular mycorrhizal(AM) symbionts are able to greatly affect soil fertility. However, the relationships between AM symbiosis development levels and citrus mycorrhizosphere soil fertility remain weakly known in field. In our study, AM colonization, spore density, hyphal length density, and glomalin-related soil protein(GRSP) content in citrus(Robertson naval orange grafted on Citrus reticulata Blanco) orchards along an altitudinal gradient were investigated seasonally in southern China. The results showed that AM colonization and abundances of spore and hyphae fluctuated significantly in different seasons and altitudes. The highest AM colonization(83.03%) was observed in orchards at 200 m above sea level in summer, spore density(16.8 spores g-1soil) in orchards at 400 m in autumn, and hyphal length density(2.36 m g-1soil) in orchards at 600 m orchards in summer; while the lowest values(43.60%, 2.7 spores g-1soil and 0.52 m g-1soil of AM colonization, spore density, and hyphal length density, respectively) were all observed in orchards at 800 m in winter. Correlation analyses demonstrated that the soil properties such as soil organic matter,alkali-hydrolyzable N, available P, and p H were significantly(P < 0.05) positively correlated with either citrus total AM colonization or the abundances of spore and hyphae. GRSP was significantly(P < 0.05) positively correlated with soil organic matter and p H.Redundancy analysis supported that soil environmental factors such as altitude, GRSP, soil organic matter, and alkali-hydrolyzable N severely(Monte Carlo permutation tests, P = 0.002) influenced AM colonization and abundances of spore and hyphae in citrus orchards. Our data demonstrated that soil environmental factors are vital in determining AM symbiosis development in citrus orchards.     

Removal of Formic Acid from Wastewater using Three-Phase Three-Dimensional Electrode Reactor

A new electrochemical reactor, three-phase three-dimensional electrode reactor, was designed and used to investigate theremoval of formic acid from simulated wastewater. The experimental results were assessed in term of Chemical OxygenDemand (COD) removal efficiency. The results showed that the three-phase three-dimensional electrodes could effectively removeformic acid. Its COD removal efficiency was much higher than those of two-dimensional electrodes and common three-dimensionalelectrodes, respectively. The COD removal efficiency of the three-phase three-dimensional electrodes using air as a spargegas increased 13.5% relative to that using nitrogen as a spargegas. The observation indicated that the sparged air in the three-phase three-dimensional electrodes not only participated insome physical processes but also played an important role in electrochemical reactions to assist COD removal.     

多目标土地利用总体规划方法研究

土地资源是人类赖以生存的基础，是最基本的生产资料，其可持续利用是实现社会可持续发展的基础。为了促进土地资源可持续利用，提出多目标土地利用总体规划，并对其实现方法进行研究。多目标土地利用总体规划的方法由以下框架构成：土地资源数据库建立，土地多宜性评价，土地利用方式多目标优化，土地利用系统生态设计和土地利用布局。并以徐水县为例，用多目标线性规划模型优化用地结构，提出了三个规划方案，通过分析和比较，最终选择方案2为满意和推荐方案，并用生态学原理和土地多宜性评价结果对方案2所确定的土地利用方式进行整体空间布局，最终完成徐水县土地利用总体规划。     

青菜纸形食品滚筒成形工艺的研究

概述了纸形食品滚筒成形的基本原理。应用试验设计技术、模糊优化技术确定了青菜纸形食品滚筒成形的工艺参数；分析了上料位置、滚筒加热温度及干燥时间对产品质量的影响。     

晋南黄土高原丘陵旱地小麦不同降水年型土壤水分动态的模拟研究

用回归等值线法对晋南黄土高原丘陵旱地小麦在同一自然条件下干旱年、常年、丰水年3个降水年型土壤水分变化规律进行了模拟分析研究，结果表明，由回归等值线所形成的各年型土壤水分的“峰”、“脊”、 坡”、“鞍”各具特点，调萎值区域大小、等值线数值等也存在差异，形成了不同年型土壤水分变化规律和产量差异。     

我国竹子抗寒性研究进展

竹子是重要的园林绿化植物,目前我国“南竹北移”的竹子引种驯化过程中遇到的关键问题是低温对竹子造成的冻害。综述了竹子抗寒性的研究进展,包括竹子抗寒性形态指标和生理生化指标、耐寒性品种调查筛选和抗寒性引种栽培试验研究的主要成果。     

芝麻高产示范基地建设的实践与思考

目前我国农业科研示范基地的建设主要以项目为依托,存在经费支持度连续性不强、科技人员不稳定、示范推广带动效应差等诸多问题。为此,以河南省农业科学院芝麻高产示范基地建设为例,从科技创新成果形成、示范基地建设模式等方面介绍了芝麻高产示范基地建设的举措,形成了科研单位自建模式、政府+科研单位+新型农业经营主体模式、科研单位+农业专业合作社模式、科研单位+企业+新型农业经营主体模式、政府+科研单位+农户模式等5套示范基地建设模式。分析并总结了示范基地建设的经验,并对今后农业科技创新成果的示范基地建设提出了建议。     

不同地下水位多枝柽柳幼苗光合作用及抗逆性变化

以多枝柽柳幼苗为研究对象,设置4个不同地下水位(U1、U2、U3和U4,分别距离地面为1、2、3、4m),研究不同地下水位处理对多枝柽柳幼苗光合作用和抗逆性的影响.结果表明:随着地下水位的下降,多枝柽柳幼苗的表观量子效率、暗呼吸速率、羧化效率、光呼吸速率、最大净光合速率均下降,且对有效光合辐射和CO2浓度的利用范围减小,U1最大净光合速率为25.24(±4.95) μmol/m2·s,U4最大净光合速率下降了88.99％,下降到2.78(±0.11)μmol/m2·s;地下水位下降导致幼苗气孔导度下降,水分利用效率提高;CO2加富降低了幼苗气孔导度,但显著提高了水分利用效率;随着地下水位的下降,幼苗叶绿素含量显著下降、MDA积累,U2、U3、U4的叶绿素含量分别比U1下降4.6％、14.14％、30.85％,MDA升高165％、256％、225％,干旱胁迫逐渐加剧,而多枝柽柳幼苗通过提高脯氨酸、可溶性糖含量以及超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)活性等调控物质来适应干旱胁迫所带来的影响.     

土壤中甲磺隆钠盐残留量的NPLC和GC分析

用液相色谱——紫外检测法和气相色谱——电子捕获检测法分析土壤中超高效除草剂——甲磺隆钠盐的残留量。土壤样品用乙腈提取,提取液用经活化的PT—Si净化柱净化。两种方法回收率分别达到96.9％和97.0％。