Stem canker and wilt of delphinium caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. delphinii in Japan

Stem canker and severe wilt were observed on delphinium plants (Delphinium elatum) in Aomori Prefecture, Japan, in 2008. The fungus isolated from the diseased crown was identified as Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. delphinii on the basis of morphological characteristics, nucleotide sequences, and host range. The isolate induced similar stem canker and wilt symptoms in inoculated delphinium plants. We propose the name “stem canker and wilt” for the disease.     

姥山马尾松1代种子园良种选育

经过１０多年努力，姥山马尾松１代无性系种子园建成投产，经造林测定，６年生子代林的树高、胸径、村积生长量分别比对照提高１５．２％、１８．４％、５６．８％．良种效益显著，并经浙江省林木良种审定委员会审定通过。     

Determination of nitrofuran residues in milk of dairy cows using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry

An analytical method has been developed for the determination of total bound and extractable residues of the nitrofuran drugs furazolidone, nitrofurazone, furaltadone, and nitrofurantoin in milk of dairy cows. The method involves overnight acid hydrolysis and simultaneous derivatization of the released side chains with 2-nitrobenzaldehyde. During hydrolysis, the bound metabolites are hydrolyzed to the side chains. After pH adjustment and solid-phase extraction cleanup, the derivatives are detected and quantitated using a liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry system with an atmospheric pressure chemical ionization interface. Validation of the method is accomplished by fortifying control milk with a mixture of side chains at 1, 2, and 4 ng/g. Internal standards are added at the beginning of the procedure to compensate for matrix effects and recovery losses. Method accuracies range from 83 to 104% with coefficients of variation less than 13% for all four analytes. The limits of detection are相似文献   

济宁青山羊高繁殖力候选基因类固醇21-羟化酶基因(CYP21)的研究

采用PCR-SSCP和聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳(PAGE)技术检测类固醇21-羟化酶基因(steroid 21-hydroxylase,CYP21)10个外显子在山羊(Capra hircus)低繁殖力品种(安哥拉山羊和内蒙古绒山羊)、中等繁殖力品种(波尔山羊)和高繁殖力品种(济宁青山羊)中的碱基变异,同时研究该基因对济宁青山羊高繁殖力的影响.结果表明,10对引物中仅引物P10扩增片段存在多态性.对于P10扩增产物,在内蒙古绒山羊、波尔山羊和济宁青山羊中检测到AA、AB和BB基因型,在安哥拉山羊中检测到AA和AB基因型;测序分析发现,BB与AA基因型相比发生了A2789C、C2791A、G2818A、G2851C、G2852T和G2854A的突变,在第2821与2 822位发生了两个碱基CG的缺失突变,导致426～448位共有19个氨基酸发生改变;济宁青山羊BB和AB基因型产羔数最小二乘均值分别比AA基因型的多0.81只(P＜0.05)和0.47只(P＜0.05),BB和AB基因型之间差异不显著(P＜0.05).研究结果初步表明CYP21基因的B等位基因是提高山羊产羔数的一个潜在有效的DNA标记.     

武汉市黄陂区素山寺森林公园常见森林群落的 植物多样性和结构分析

为了做好森林抚育前的植物群落调查,在黄陂区素山寺森林公园选取 6个常见的森林群落进行木本植物调查, 并对植物多样性和群落结构进行了分析 。泛热带和北温带分布的科和属占比均超过 50%,表明本地植物区系呈现明显的 过渡性 。对比乔木层、灌木层和幼苗层的香农威纳指数和辛普森指数,灌木层和幼苗层的多样性均高于乔木层,且幼苗层 的多样性在多个样地中最高 。相较于灌木层和幼苗层,乔木层的优势种表现出更高的相似性 。使用基于算术平均值的非 权重成对组法(UPGMA)对 6个样地乔木层进行聚类分析,主要分成两大分支,一个分支是白栎构成的落叶阔叶林;另一分 支是含有杉木的针阔混交林,针阔混交林又细分成栓皮栎为主的混交林和杉木为主的混交林 。对比各样地的径级结构,栎 类林的径级出现明显的间断,这可能是人为砍伐或者森林演替过程出现树木 自 然死亡形成的 。针叶林占优的群落乔木径 级高峰普遍右偏,表明针叶林树龄整体偏小 。建议在抚育砍伐前研究植被类型、植物多样性和径级等方面的差异,评估砍 伐行为对森林固碳能力的影响;森林抚育要考虑到不同林斑的差异,根据各自的特点采取合适的抚育方式。     

不同泌乳阶段对荷斯坦牛干物质采食量和钙磷消化率的影响

试验研究了不同泌乳阶段荷斯坦牛干物质采食量和钙、磷表观消化率的变化趋势。结果表明:泌乳9月、5月奶牛干物质采食量显著高于泌乳1月奶牛(P<0.05);泌乳1月、2月奶牛产奶量显著高于泌乳5月、9月奶牛;泌乳期内不同泌乳阶段对奶牛Ca、P表观消化率影响显著(P<0.05),泌乳1月和2月奶牛Ca、P表观消化率显著高于泌乳5月和9月(P<0.05)。