小型水电站计算机监控系统实施现

在小型水电站实行计算机监控系统，可以提高电站的自动化程度与经济效益，增加其运行的可靠性与稳定性。通过对一些小型水电站的考察与调研，中分析了小型水电站计算机监控系统实施现状和普遍存在的问题。     

高射远程杨树静电喷雾机的研制

为满足杨树病虫害防治的需要,采用压力雾化与风力雾化相结合,利用风机强力气流将含药雾滴风送到远处,再采用低量喷雾、静电喷雾技术,增加雾滴附着性能,成功研制了一种适用于农用车车载的高效杨树静电高射远程喷雾机.实验表明,该机水平射程达45m,垂直射程达22m;防治作业速度快,劳动生产率高;射高作业时喷雾速率为3.24hm2/h,水平喷射时纯喷雾速率为39hm2/h.     

Population size and specific potential of P-mineralizing and -solubilizing bacteria under long-term P-deficiency fertilization in a sandy loam soil

The effects of organic manure, mineral fertilizer (NPK), and P-deficiency fertilization (NK) on the individual biomass of young wheat plants, arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) colonization in wheat root systems, population sizes of soil organic phosphorus mineralizing bacteria (OPMB) and inorganic phosphate solubilizing bacteria (IPSB) as well as soil P-mineralization and -solubilization potential were investigated in a long-term (18-year) fertilizer experiment. The experiment included five treatments: organic manure, an equal mixture of organic manure and mineral fertilizer, fertilizer NPK, fertilizer NK, and the control (without fertilization). Plant biomass, population sizes of soil OPMB and IPSB were greatly increased (P<0.05) by the application of organic manure and slightly increased by the balanced application of mineral fertilizer, while undiminished AM colonization in wheat root system was only observed in the case of the NK treatment. Compared to balanced fertilization, P-deficiency fertilization resulted in a significant increase (P<0.05) of OPMB-specific mineralization potential (soil P-mineralization potential per OPMB cell) and highest IPSB-specific solubilization potential (soil P-solubilization potential per IPSB cell), suggesting that OPMB and IPSB are likely more metabolically active in P-deficiency fertilized soils after long-term fertilizer management, and mycorrhizal plants are more dependent on AM in P-poor soils than in P-fertilized soils. Our results also showed the different effects of mineral fertilizer versus organic manure on soil P-mineralization and -solubilization potentials, as well as specific potentials of OPMB and IPSB in arable soils.     

镜鲤体重的QTL定位

本研究利用217个微卫星标记和336个SNPs标记对德国镜鲤F2代68个个体基因组DNA进行基因型检测。其中507个标记共组成62个连锁群,覆盖基因组总长度为2805．85cM,标记问平均距离为6-31cM;利用软件MapQTL4．0采用区间作图法对体重性状进行QTL定位分析。研究结果共检测到14个与体重性状有关的QTLs,分布于9个连锁群。其中BIV-5-J有最大的LOD值,为4．46;BIV—I-1的LOD值最小,为2．25。单个QTL平均解释表型变异介于14．10％～45．50％之间,其中贡献率大于20％的主效QTLs有9个。通过BLASTX与斑马鱼蛋白质序列数据库进行序列比对,找到了与斑马鱼酰基辅酶A脱氢酶蛋白、胰淀粉酶仅2蛋白、Apoebprotein和甘油醛-3-磷酸脱氢酶蛋白同源的分子标记。本研究结果对分子标记辅助育种具有重要应用价值。     

Variation and correlation analysis of flavonoids and carotenoids in Korean pigmented rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivars

Flavonoids and carotenoids of pigmented rice ( Oryza sativa L.), including five black cultivars and two red cultivars, from Korea were characterized to determine the diversity among the phytochemicals and to analyze the relationships among their contents. Black cultivars were higher in flavonoids and carotenoids than the red and white cultivars. The profiles of eight phytochemicals identified from the rice grains were subjected to principal component analysis (PCA) to evaluate the differences among cultivars. PCA could fully distinguish between these cultivars. The Heugjinjubyeo (BR-1) and Heugseolbyeo (BR-2) cultivars were separated from the others based on flavonoid and carotenoid concentrations. Flavonoid contents had a positive correlation with carotenoid contents among all rice grains. The BR-1 and BR-2 cultivars appear to be good candidates for future breeding programs because they have simultaneously high flavonoid and carotenoid contents.     

南漪湖银鱼资源衰退原因及对策

南漪湖具有银鱼生长繁衍的良好生态条件,１９８１～１９８７年总产银鱼１１５０ｔ。１９８８年后由于过度捕捞,经济鱼类种类组成改变;加上多年旱灾低水位的影响,造成资源严重衰退。通过分析认为：合理调整经济鱼类种类组成,开展放流移植增殖,加强资源保护管理等将使银鱼年产量达到历史最高水平的２．６９倍。     

地理信息系统在土地多宜性评价中的应用

土地多宜性评价为土地利用规划和决策提供多种可能利用方式的信息,它是对每一种不同的利用方式,就选择一套相应的评价指标,它选择的评价对象多,评价的结果准确度高。本文在地理信息系统（ＧＩＳ）的帮助下,建立了土地空间位置图件数据库,土地属性数据库、作物生长要求生理生态知识库和评价指标模型库,对徐水县６种作物进行了多宜性评价的探索。结果显示：在计算机和ＧＩＳ的帮助下,土地评价的工作效率和定量化水平的显著提高     

培养条件对嗜水气单胞菌胞外蛋白酶合成与分泌的影响

对体外培养嗜水气单胞菌的胞外蛋白酶 (ECPase)产生条件进行了优化。结果发现 ,其产量与碳源、氮源、培养温度、培养基初始pH值等有关。蔗糖能促进蛋白酶的产生 ,NH4 + 抑制蛋白酶的产生。其最佳产酶条件为 :pH 7 5的0 0 2mol·L-1KC1,0 0 6mol·L-1K2 HPO4 ,5g·L-1的蔗糖和 5g·L-1的胰蛋白胨水 ,2 8℃ ,15 0r·min-1摇床培养 6 5h。在此条件下酶活性可达 2 0 8U·mL-1。     

A high-resolution radiation hybrid map of the human genome draft sequence

We have constructed a physical map of the human genome by using a panel of 90 whole-genome radiation hybrids (the TNG panel) in conjunction with 40,322 sequence-tagged sites (STSs) derived from random genomic sequences as well as expressed sequences. Of 36,678 STSs on the TNG radiation hybrid map, only 3604 (9.8%) were absent from the unassembled draft sequence of the human genome. Of 20,030 STSs ordered on the TNG map as well as the assembled human genome draft sequence and the Celera assembled human genome sequence, 36% of the STSs had a discrepant order between the working draft sequence and the Celera sequence. The TNG map order was identical to one of the two sequence orders in 60% of these discrepant cases.     

淳化县泥河沟流域果林发展与综合效益遥感动态研究

利用不同时期遥感信息资源、结合实地调查测绘，编制不同时期果林类型图，经过叠合比较，建立动态分类系统，获得果林类型动态图，以此分析淳化县泥河沟流域１９８６￣１９９５年果林面积的动态变化与综合效益。