苓桂术甘汤对肉鸡腹水综合征的防治作用

将15日龄艾维茵肉鸡分成5组,一组在常温(21±1)℃下饲养,作为正常对照组(N);其余4组在低温(11±1)℃下饲养以诱发腹水综合征,其中模型对照组(C)不给任何药物,维生素组(V)饮水中添加VC(0.5 g/L)和VE(0.1 g/L),2个试验组(T1和T2)分别给予不同剂量(0.4和0.8 mL/kg bw)的苓桂术甘汤。结果显示,C组的腹水发病率、腹水心脏指数(AHI)、红细胞压积(PCV)、红细胞数、血红蛋白(Hb)及丙二醛(MDA)含量、血清α-羟丁酸脱氢酶(-αHBDH)、谷草转氨酶(GOT)和谷丙转氨酶(GPT)均显著高于N组;而3种抗氧化酶[超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)]的活性则显著降低;2个试验组及V组的上述检测指数都得到明显改善,表明苓桂术甘汤能增强肉鸡的抗氧化能力,具有防治肉鸡腹水综合征的作用。     

Methyl donors dietary supplementation to gestating sows diet improves the growth rate of offspring and is associating with changes in expression and DNA methylation of insulin‐like growth factor‐1 gene

The study aimed to investigate the effects of maternal dietary methyl donors on the performance of sows and their offspring, and the associated hepatic insulin‐like growth factor‐1 (IGF‐1) expression of the offspring. A total of 24 multiparous sows were randomly fed the control (CON) or the CON diet supplemented with methyl donors (MD) at 3 g/kg betaine, 15 mg/kg folic acid, 400 mg/kg choline and 150 μg/kg VB₁₂, from mating until delivery. After farrowing, sows were fed a common lactation diet through a 28‐days lactation period and six litters per treatment were selected to be fed until at approximately 110 kg BW. Maternal MD supplementation resulted in greater birthweight (p < 0.05) and increased the piglet weights (p < 0.01) and litter weights (p < 0.05) at the age of day 28, compared with that in CON group. The offspring pigs in the MD group had greater ADG (p < 0.05) and tended to lower F:G ratio (p = 0.07) compared with that of CON group from day 28 to 180 of age. The offspring pigs from MD group had greater serum IGF‐1 concentrations and expressions of hepatic IGF‐1 gene and muscular IGF‐1 receptor (IGF‐1r) protein at birth (p < 0.05), and greater hepatic IGF‐1 protein (p = 0.03) and muscular IGF‐1r gene expressions (p < 0.05) at slaughter, than that from the CON group. Moreover, the methylation at the promoter of IGF‐1 gene in the liver of newborn piglets and finishing pigs was greater in the MD group than that of the CON group (p < 0.05). In conclusion, maternal MD supplementation throughout gestation could enhance the birthweight and postnatal growth rate of offspring, associated with an increased expression of the IGF‐1 gene and IGF‐1r, as well as the altered DNA methylation of IGF‐1 gene promotor.     

Effects of five cryoprotectants on proliferation and differentiation‐related gene expression of frozen‐thawed bovine calf testicular tissue

The cryopreservation of testicular tissue is a potential method for preserving male fertility. However, the effect of cryopreservation on bovine calf testicular tissue is scarce. This study investigated the effect of different cryoprotectants on bovine calf testicular tissue at the molecular level. Testicular tissue from ten immature bovine calves (6 months) was collected after slaughter and cryopreserved in an extender containing different concentrations of the following five cryopreservation solutions (CP): bovine serum albumin (BSA) with 5% dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), trehalose with 5% DMSO, DMSO and glycerol and ethylene glycol (EG). After 7‐day cryopreservation, the expression levels of three spermatogonial stem cell (SSC)‐related genes, octamer‐4 (OCT4), KIT ligand (MGF/SCF) and kit oncogene (C‐KIT), were investigated by quantitative PCR (qPCR). The cell viability was highest for the tissues preserved with 30 mg/ml BSA (77.82% ± 1.22) and 40 mg/ml trehalose (74.23% ± 1.16) compared with other groups (p < 0.05), and the level of expression of the three genes was highest with 30 mg/ml BSA (p < 0.05). Compared with other CPs, the 30 mg/ml BSA and 40 mg/ml trehalose have the better cryopreserve protection. The 30 mg/ml BSA is the most viable media for the cryopreservation of testicular tissue from cattle.     

"三高两低"杂交油菜油研1220的选育与技术研究

油研1220是以黄籽双低隐性核不育系8078A与双低恢复系0202R配制成功的黄籽双低杂交油菜新组合。在贵州省2004~2006两年15点次试验中,增产点和增产8%以上的点分别为11个和8个,分别占总点数的73.3%和53.3%,两年平均产量达167.88 kg/667m2,比CK增产7.0%;产油量达70.72 kg/667m2,比CK增产13.87%。芥酸含量0.6%,硫甙含量28.28μmol/g.饼,含油量达44.03%,种子蛋白质含量达26.85%。选择含油率和蛋白质含量高的转育亲本,在后代分离世代中加强亲本含油率和蛋白质含量的定向选择是提高品种含油率和蛋白质含量的重要选育技术。     

油菜撒播轻型栽培技术研究Ⅵ.油菜撒播轻型栽培技术的大面积示范

2003~2005年度在贵州省安顺市西秀区七眼桥镇用油研7号、油研10号、油研8号等进行油菜撒播高产、高效的轻型配套栽培技术试验示范,面积分别为3.41 hm2和100 hm2,平均单产分别达164.1 kg/667m2和133.2 kg/667m2。其中,2004年验收的10块地(测量面积合计0.685 hm2)的撒播油菜平均产量为158.9 kg/667m2,最高产量达210~230 kg/667m2;2005年验收各类田块19块(面积合计1.159 hm2),单产105~206.3 kg/667m2。除去人工(每个工按15元计)、牛工(每个工按30元计)、物资投入外,667m2纯收入达189.57元,单个劳动力的产值达35.83元,比同地育苗移栽分别高131.11元/667m2和17.83元/个,比当地传统的苦油菜(芥菜型)撒播栽培增收175.72元/667m2。     

紧凑型杂交玉米新品种毕玉2号的选育与应用

毕玉2号系毕节地区种子站用自选系苏110作母本,自选系毕106作父本育成的白粒紧凑型玉米杂交种,2000年11月通过贵州省毕节地区农作物品种审定委员会审定,具有较强的耐旱耐瘠能力和品质优良等特点,适宜在毕节地区海拔1 800 m以下及其他气候相似地区的旱坡地及肥水条件好的坝地种植,目前正在生产上大面积推广应用。     

黄壤旱地玉米氮、磷、钾肥料利用率及其肥效

根据贵州黄壤肥力与肥料效益长期监测的部分试验结果.分析探讨了贵州黄壤旱地玉米氮、磷、钾肥料利用率及肥料效益.结果表明,黄壤旱地玉米氮肥利用率平均为40.6%.氮、磷、钾肥配合施用比单施氮肥其肥料利用率提高6%;磷肥利用率平均为9.3%,在施用氮肥的基础上增施钾肥对提高磷肥利用率效果不大;钾肥利用率很低,平均仅为4.9%,施用钾肥的效果不明显.黄壤旱地玉米1 kg纯氮的增产量平均为16.0kg,氮、磷、钾肥配合施用比单施氮肥增产2.4 kg,平均提高16.22%;1 kg纯P的增产量平均为17.5 kg;1 kg纯K的增产量平均为2.8kg.黄壤旱地玉米施肥建议以氮、磷肥为主,钾肥应少施或不施.     

含GA3的预处理液对百合切花的保鲜效应

采用预处理液[40 g/L蔗糖 300 mg/L 8-羟基喹啉柠檬酸盐 60 mg/L Al2(SO4)3 100 mg/L赤霉素(GA3)]对百合切花进行保鲜效应研究,预处理液保鲜效果明显,能延长切花瓶插寿命3 d,增加鲜重,增加花瓣可溶性糖及可溶性蛋白质含量,改善体内水分平衡,提高过氧化物酶(POD)活性,降低脯氨酸的含量,从而改善切花品质,延缓衰老进程。     

池塘和稻田养殖模式下克氏原螯虾肌肉和肝脏营养成分比较

通过对池塘和稻田2种养殖模式下克氏原螯虾(Procambarus clarkii)的肌肉常规营养成分进行测定,同时,对肌肉和肝胰腺的氨基酸和脂肪酸组成进行测定,从而对其营养品质进行分析评价.结果显示,2种养殖模式下克氏原螯虾粗蛋白和粗脂肪无显著性差异(P＞0.05),池塘养殖模式下水分显著高于稻田模式(P＜0.05),...     

对虾工厂化养殖中浮游动物群落结构的变化规律

为了掌握对虾工厂化养殖过程中浮游动物的变动规律,有效管理水体环境质量,提高养殖效益,于2018年8月17日~11月3日,以凡纳滨对虾(Litopenaeus vannamei)为研究对象,分析了对虾工厂化养殖水体中浮游动物群落结构特征、演替规律及其与养殖水体弧菌、浮游微藻和环境因素的关系。结果显示,从实验塘鉴定出21种浮游动物,隶属于4大类,种类最多的为原生动物,共13种,占总数的61.9%;其次为轮虫和桡足类,均为3种,占总数的14.3%;枝角类最少,占总数的5%。整个养殖期,浮游动物的平均密度约为0.71×103 ind./L,平均生物量约为11.72 mg/L。养殖过程中优势种由原生动物、轮虫、桡足类物种逐渐演变成单一的原生动物物种。实验塘浮游动物Shannon-Wiener多样性指数(H′)在0.52~1.64之间波动,前期先降低后升高,后期有所降低。相关性分析显示,浮游动物数量和浮游微藻数量显著负相关(P<0.05),典范对应分析(Canonical correspondence analysis, CCA)显示,温度、pH、营养盐等是影响浮游动物优势种演替的重要因素。研究结果为深入认识凡纳滨对虾工厂化养殖中浮游动物的群落结构提供了基础数据。