RAPD标记鉴定果树芽变的可行性分析

在综合分析果树芽变的遗传特点以及RAPD标记技术的原理与存在问题的基础上，结合已有的研究报道，对RAPD标记应用于果树芽变鉴定中的可行性进行了探讨。对于不同的果树芽变类型，RAPD标记技术表现出不同的鉴定可行性。同时，对某些有关的问题提出了相应的建议。     

不同成熟度黄皮果实品质及贮藏特性的差异

黄皮Clausena lansium(Lour.)Skeels是我国南方原产的热带亚热带常绿果树。黄皮果实酸甜可口,风味独特,营养价值高且具有保健及药用价值,是深受人们喜爱的特产果品。近年来,我国黄皮栽培面积不断扩大,产量逐年提高。但黄皮采后极不耐贮藏,在自然条件下极易变软腐烂,1天后即明显     

Identification,Characteristics and Function of Phosphoglucomutase (PGM) in the Agar Biosynthesis and Carbon Flux in the Agarophyte Gracilariopsis lemaneiformis (Rhodophyta)

Agar is widely applied across the food, pharmaceutical and biotechnology industries, owing to its various bioactive functions. To better understand the agar biosynthesis in commercial seaweed Gracilariopsis lemaneiformis, the activities of four enzymes participating in the agar biosynthesis were detected, and phosphoglucomutase (PGM) was confirmed as highly correlated with agar accumulation. Three genes of PGM (GlPGM1, GlPGM2 and GlPGM3) were identified from the G. lemaneiformis genome. The subcellular localization analysis validated that GlPGM1 was located in the chloroplast and GlPGM3 was not significantly distributed in the organelles. Both the GlPGM1 and GlPGM3 protein levels showed a remarkable consistency with the agar variations, and GlPGM3 may participate in the carbon flux between (iso)floridoside, floridean starch and agar synthesis. After treatment with the PGM inhibitor, the agar and floridean starch contents and the activities of floridean starch synthase were significantly decreased; products identified in the Calvin cycle, the pentose phosphate pathway, the Embden-Meyerhof-Parnas pathway and the tricarboxylic acid cycle were depressed; however, lipids, phenolic acids and the intermediate metabolites, fructose-1,6-phosphate were upregulated. These findings reveal the essential role of PGM in regulating the carbon flux between agar and other carbohydrates in G. lemaneiformis, providing a guide for the artificial regulation of agar accumulation.     

紫甘薯多酚氧化酶性质探讨

甘薯是世界上一种重要的粮食和能源作物,由于加工过程中其组织中的多酚氧化酶易催化多酚类物质氧化成黑色素,严重影响了其加工品质.以济薯18为材料,研究了pH值、温度、底物浓度等对其多酚氧化酶(PPO)活性的影响.结果表明:紫甘薯济薯18中PPO活性在360 am处最大,其最适反应时间为11 min,最适pH值6.5,最适温...     

辣椒白粉病防治技术初探

采用引进新农药拿敌稳75%WG(水分散粒剂)开展其不同浓度防治辣椒白粉病试验,探讨辣椒白粉病最佳防治技术。试验结果表明:拿敌稳75%WG3000倍液防治辣椒白粉病,防效达95.27%;增产效果最明显,其平均株高、鲜株重、百果干重、每株总果数、单产、商品率均高于其它处理和当地对照药剂;经济效益比为1∶13.41。     

Preparation and Characterization of Tilapia Collagen-Thermoplastic Polyurethane Composite Nanofiber Membranes

Marine collagen is an ideal material for tissue engineering due to its excellent biological properties. However, the limited mechanical properties and poor stability of marine collagen limit its application in tissue engineering. Here, collagen was extracted from the skin of tilapia (Oreochromis nilotica). Collagen-thermoplastic polyurethane (Col-TPU) fibrous membranes were prepared using tilapia collagen as a foundational material, and their physicochemical and biocompatibility were investigated. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy results showed that thermoplastic polyurethane was successfully combined with collagen, and the triple helix structure of collagen was retained. X-ray diffraction and differential scanning calorimetry results showed relatively good compatibility between collagen and TPU.SEM results showed that the average diameter of the composite nanofiber membrane decreased with increasing thermoplastic polyurethane proportion. The mechanical evaluation and thermogravimetric analysis showed that the thermal stability and tensile properties of Col-TPU fibrous membranes were significantly improved with increasing TPU. Cytotoxicity experiments confirmed that fibrous membranes with different ratios of thermoplastic polyurethane content showed no significant toxicity to fibroblasts; Col-TPU fibrous membranes were conducive to the migration and adhesion of cells. Thus, these Col-TPU composite nanofiber membranes might be used as a potential biomaterial in tissue regeneration.     

新型蔬菜专用肥在叶菜上的使用效果

新型蔬菜专用肥采用N、P、K和含粘土矿物、Ca、Mg及其他微量元素的营养型土壤改良剂复配而成。大田试验表明，在三种叶菜上的增产效果优于进口复合肥和国内常用的复混肥料，增产率分别达6.52%-13.2%和6.4%-27.5%，收益分别增加13.3%-23.6%和7.2%-32.9%，施用新型蔬菜专用叶面肥具有提高土壤pH值，增加代换性Ca和Mg，提高土壤有效N、P、K的效果。     

几种杀虫剂对黄曲条跳甲的防治效果

试验结果表明:5%氟虫腈悬浮剂(锐劲特)、48%毒死蜱乳油、2.5%溴氰菊酯乳油、20%敌·氯乳油、45%马拉硫磷乳油,对黄曲条跳甲有较好的防治效果和增产作用,明显好于对照药剂80%敌敌畏乳油,可供生产上推广应用。     

工业循环冷却水降温系统设计

在许多工业生产过程中,常需要大量的冷却水进行冷却。通常采用冷却塔等敞开式循环水降温设施,在高温、高湿大气条件下出口水温超限,此时为了正常生产的进行,只好加大低温新水补充量,从而造成水资源的浪费。为了合理利用和节约水资源,设计土壤蓄冷式降温系统。在夜间冷却塔有富余冷量的时候,把冷量储存在土壤中;在白天释放出来,满足高负荷需要。     

河南省烟草病毒的小RNA测序检测

To identify viruses in Henan tobacco-planting areas, from 2015 to 2017 and 2019, 288 symptomatic tobacco samples were collected and then subjected to small RNA sequencing. Results showed that at least 7 viruses were detected from these samples which including four previously reported viruses, cucumber mosaic virus (CMV), tobacco mosaic virus (TMV), potato virus Y (PVY) and tobacco vein banding mosaic virus (TVBMV). Other three viruses, wild tomato mosaic virus (WTMV), brassica yellows virus (BrYV), and cycas necrotic stunt virus (CNSV) were firstly detected in Henan province. However, tobacco etch virus (TEV) and tobacco ringspot virus (TRSV) were not detected from these samples. In addition, CMV, TMV, PVY, TVBMV, and BrYV were the dominant viruses infecting tobacco in Henan Province.