应用改良阻断ELISA检测禽网状内皮组织增殖病血清抗体

应用禽网状内皮组织增殖病病毒纯化抗原和抗ＲＥＶ单克隆抗体建立了改良阻断ＥＬＩＳＡ用于鸡血清中ＲＥＶ抗体检测，并对北京地区鸡群中随机采样的３６份血清样本进行了检测，阳性率为５．６％。与间接ＥＬＳＩＡ的检测结果进行了统计学比较，两种方法的阳性率无显著差异。结果表明本试验所建立的改良阻断ＥＬＩＳＡ可以用于鸡群ＲＥＶ感染的血清学调查。     

敌百虫溶液（水产用）中敌百虫含量测定的方法比较

对敌百虫含量两种测定方法即电位滴定法和高效液相色谱法进行比较分析。采用HPLC法测定敌百虫在2．4-3．6mg／mL范围内呈良好的线性关系（r^2=0．99993）,平均回收率为99．7％,RSD为0．5％。采用电位滴定法测定敌百虫,回收率为99．4％,RSD为0．8％。结果表明采用HPLC法,杂质分离度好,避免了氯化...     

Multiple amino acid substitutions are involved in the adaptation of H9N2 avian influenza virus to mice

To explore adaptation of avian influenza virus to mice we previously performed serial lung-to-lung passages of the influenza A/Chicken/Jiangsu/7/2002 (H9N2) strain, resulting in the isolation of a variant influenza strain lethal for mice. We now report that virulence correlates with improved growth characteristics on mammalian cells and extended tissue tropism in vivo. Sequencing of the complete genomes of the wild-type and mouse-adapted viruses revealed 25 amino acid substitutions. Some were found to reiterate known substitutions in human and swine H9N2 influenza isolates. Functions affected include nuclear localization signals and sites of protein and RNA interaction, while others are known determinants of pathogenicity and host specificity such as the viral polymerase PB2 E627K substitution. These observations suggest that enhanced growth characteristics and modified cell tropism may contribute to increased virulence in mice. We conclude that multiple amino acid substitutions are likely to be involved in the adaptation of H9N2 avian influenza virus to mice.     

根据个体间蛋白质多位点基因型的比较分析中国黄牛的遗传关系

现行群体间遗传距离的度量方法都以等位基因频率的计算为依据，这些方法的缺点之一是在位点不多，多态笥不高时要求群体有较大的取样个体数目，另外，这些方法所建造的树素图不能反映群体是由混血引起还是由长期进化引起这一问题，针对这些问题，本文提出了以个体间蛋白质多位点基因型比较为基础的群体间遗传距离和群体内基因杂合度的度量方法，以十个主要中国黄牛群体的遗传关系分析为例，比较圆满的解决了上面几个问题。     

改性蒙脱石钙黏土(脱霉素)人体短期安全评估

脱霉素(NS)在多种动物身上均可对黄曲霉毒素引起的不良影响起到保护作用,因为其降低了黄曲霉毒素(AFs)在胃肠道中的生物利用。假定脱霉素可以安全地添加到人的日粮中,就可以减少人对黄曲霉毒素污染食物的接触及其健康风险。为了鉴定脱霉素对人的安全性及耐受性,建立长期功效研究的剂量确定方案,我们进行了随机双盲一期临床试验。临床审查志愿者(年龄在20～45岁),确认其健康状况。50个受试者(女性23人,男性27人)随机分成2组:低剂量组9个胶囊含1.5g/d,高剂量组9个胶囊含3.0g/d,试验周期为2周。脱霉素胶囊做的颜色和大小相同,每天分3次在指定地点分发给每个参与者,并跟踪记录每组的副反应和疾病情况。在实验室分析研究前后分别收集血液和尿样。所有参与者均完成了本试验,依从性99.1%。在一些参与者中出现了轻微的胃肠反应。症状包括腹痛(6%,3/50)、胃气胀(4%,2/50)、便秘(2%,1/50)、腹泻(2%,1/50)、胃肠气胀(8%,4/50)。两组之间的这些副作用没有统计学意义(p0.25)。每组中血液学、肝肾功能、电解质、VA和VE、矿物质等均无明显差别。这些结果表明脱霉素在人体应用是相对安全的,这可作为黄曲霉毒素中毒症高危人群长期人体试验的一个依据。     

新型装配式6列卧栏牛舍的研究与应用

我们对国内外牛的养殖模式进行研究后．为了更有效地提高土地利用率，减少奶牛疫病的发生，经过与有关专家以及有多年经验的养殖场的场长反复研究．最终推出了32m跨带卧栏的新型装配式牛舍．并且已经在张家口地区得以建设实施。这种牛舍具有便于清粪，便于料车开进牛舍进行饲喂，保护动物不受天气的影响，每个牛圈的成本降低等优点。具体研究过程介绍如下。     

盐胁迫对星星草幼苗保护酶系统的影响

在盐胁迫下,星星草幼苗过氧化氢酶活性随着胁迫时间的延长而增强,并与盐浓度呈显著正相关。超氧化物歧化酶活性随着胁迫浓度的增强而增强,当超过一定浓度(3.0%Na₂CO₃)时则趋减弱,尔后随着胁迫时间的延长而增强。过氧化物酶活性的变化规律与超氧化物歧化酶活性相似,但变化幅度较小。丙二醛含量随着胁迫时间的延长和胁迫强度的增强而增加。     

波尔山羊与睢宁白山羊杂交羔羊生长性能研究

研究波尔山羊与睢宁白山羊F1 代、F2 代的生长发育情况 ,结果从出生到 3个月不同日龄羔羊的体重体尺均高于纯种睢宁白山羊 ,杂交优势显著 ,F1 代体重的杂种优势率为 18 96 % ,杂种后代生长性能比睢宁白山羊好     

DNA Barcoding:An Effective Tool for Species Identification of Lepidopteran Oak Pests

[Objective] The paper was to improve the efficiency and accuracy of early forecast of Lepidopteran oak-infesting pests.[Method] DNA barcoding technique was established for quick species identification using mitochondrial cytochrome C oxidase subunit Ⅰ(COⅠ) as the standard gene.This barcoding technique was used to amplify and sequence genomic DNA samples from eggs and pupae of 11 species of Lepidopteran pests collected from oak.[Result] The DNA barcoding standard genes of 594-708 bp were determined from eggs and pupae of Lepidopteran insects.There were differences of 0-2 bases in DNA barcode sequences between conspecific eggs and pupae,with the sequence identity of 99.7%-100%.The average content of A,T,G and C of DNA barcode sequences from Lepidopteran insects were 30.7%,38.5%,14.9% and 15.9%,respectively.The obtained DNA barcode sequences had 91.4%-100% identity and 0-8.6% difference degree with GenBank-deposited DNA barcode sequences from organisms of the genetically-closest relationship.Among them,DNA barcode sequences from egg and pupa samples of 10 Lepidopteran insects(No.1-20) had 99%-100% identity and 0-1.0% difference degree with homologous sequences in GenBank database,while the remaining samples(No.21-22) had high difference degree(8.6%) with homologous sequences.[Conclusion] The established DNA barcoding technique is an effeetive tool for species identification of Lepidopteran pests using genomic DNA from eggs and pupae of Lepidopteran insects.