藏猪兴奋性氨基酸转运载体EAAC1基因的克隆与原核表达

兴奋性氨基酸转运载体EAAC1是肠道内谷氨酸的主要载体.本研究根据人的基因编码区设计一对特异性引物,以藏猪空肠总RNA为模板,通过RT-PCR获得一长约1600 bp的cDNA片段,T/A克隆后测序,并进行序列分析;将该基因片段连接到原核表达载体pET-32a(+)中构建融合表达质粒,转化到E.coli BL21(DE3)中进行表达.测序结果显示,获得的cDNA全长为1575 bp,编码524个氨基酸;EAAC1分子量为57 kD,等电点为5.34,GenBank登录号为GQ375513;该蛋白质具有3个N-糖基化位点、8个蛋白激酶C磷酸化位点和1个cAMP/cGMP依赖性蛋白激酶磷酸化位点,含有7个跨膜结构域和一个信号肽序列;SDS-PAGE电泳检测结果表明,表达蛋白质与预期蛋白质大小一致.上述结果为进一步研究EAAC1的功能及其调控奠定了基础.     

几种水稻灿型恢复系和不育系离体培养和遗传转化的研究

对二系杂交水稻亲本籼型恢复系 2 88,198,112 5和籼型不育系株 1- s进行了离体培养和遗传转化的研究 ,建立了这些籼稻新品系的胚性愈伤组织高频诱导与再生系统及其基因枪转化系统 .它们的胚性愈伤组织诱导率分别可达 87.4 % ,90 .6% ,78.9%和 88.0 % ;其分化率分别可达 60 .0 % ,4 5 .8% ,4 6.9%和 60 .6% ;其基因枪转化率分别可达 16.69% ,2 .65 % ,2 .0 4 %和 10 .78% ,并获得了一批可育的水稻转基因植株     

论中国古典园林设计中的曲线意识及其形成

曲线作为一种几何形态，存在于客观世界的万事万物中，尤其对以视觉感知为主的造型艺术，曲线更是一种必不可少的造型元素，其使用顺手可拈。在园林设计中，尤其相对中国古典风景园林而言，大量运用的曲线更使其意境幽远，妙趣横生。因此，从园林设计中的曲线形式开始，逐步展开对园林设计中曲线审美意识及其形成相关因素的探讨，以及进一步对中国古典造园思想与手法的深层研究，对当代园林设计有重要意义。     

奶牛重复超排试验观察

为探讨中国荷斯坦牛多次重复超排的效果,对9头供体奶牛进行6次重复超排,每次超排间隔3个月左右,采胚47头次,生产可用胚胎292枚,平均每头次冲胚获可用胚6.2枚。每批获可用胚胎数依次为49,50,46,48,55,44枚。可用胚胎数并未随超排次数的增加而呈现下降趋势,说明荷斯坦牛以3个月的间隔多次重复超排是可行的。     

临泉县生姜片干制中HACCP体系的建立

探讨危害分析与关键控制点(HACCP)体系在生姜片干制中的应用。以临泉县生姜片为例，对生产过程各个环节可能造成的潜在危害进行物理、化学和生物分析，确定关键控制点、关键限制、监控程序、纠偏措施、验证程序和记录保持程序，将生产过程的危害因素降低到最低限度，从而提高产品质量。     

昆明地区设施土壤养分变化规律研究*

 研究了昆明地区不同棚龄不同土壤层次设施土壤养分的变化情况。结果表明，不同棚龄设施土壤除了全钾和速效钾含量是随棚龄的增加先升高后降低外，全氮、全磷、碱解氮、速效磷和有机质含量变化趋势均为随棚龄的增加而上升，呈明显的富集；设施土壤养分含量水平为：全钾水平属于缺乏水平，其它养分含量均能达到稍丰或丰富水平。土壤的pH值变化则不明显，均处于5.5～7.5之间。     

Analysis of Stillbirth in Different Types of Sows

Statistical analysis was conducted on sow stillbirth traits of three mating types with 1686 litters including Erhualian, Large White and F1. The number of stillborn piglets per litter (NSB) in Erhualian,Large White and Fl averaged 0.87, 0.32, 0.72, and the percentage born alive (PBA) averaged 95.1%,97.1%, 95.7%, respectively. The Erhualian pig with a higher litter size also had a higher stillbirth rate. The results of the variance analysis indicated that the mating type, parity, farrowing year × farrowing season interaction and the total number born had highly significant effects on both NSB and PBA in sows (P ＜ 0.001).Farrowing season had highly significant effects on NSB (P ＜ 0.01), and significant effects on PBA (P ＜0.05). Farrowing year had no significant effects on NSB ( P ＞ 0.05), and highly significant effects on PBA (P＜0.01). From parity 1 to parity 10, the least square means for NSB progressively increased with increasing parity, the least square means for PBA progressively decreased with increasing parity. The sows farrowed in winter had the highest NSB and the lowest PBA, the sows farrowed in autumn had the lowest NSB and the highest PBA. The least square means for NSB markedly increased with an increase in the total number born,indicating that the positive phenotypic correlation existed between them. The least square means for PBA markedly decreased with an increase in the total number born, indicating that the negative phenotypic correlation existed between them. The estimating results of the paternal half sib indicated that the heritabilities for NSB and PBA were 0.111 and 0.123, the genetic correlation, phenotypic correlation and environmental correlation between them were - 0.985, - 0.947 and - 0.942, respectively.     

油菜角果质量与分枝数的关系

通过分析油菜超高产条件下植株一次分枝数和二次分枝数的多少对各部位角果质量的影响,得出如下结果①各枝序的角果数一般都随一次、二次分枝数的增加而增加;而每角粒数和千粒重随一次、二次分枝数的增加呈先增后减的趋势.②主序和一次分枝的角果质量随分枝数的增减而变化的幅度较小;二次分枝的角果质量随分枝数的增减而变化的幅度较大.③油菜超高产条件下,单株最适宜利用的一次和二次分枝数分别为11～12个和10～15个,过多过少都不利于群体角果质量的提高.     

土壤氮激发效应及其微生物机理研究进展

土壤氮激发效应是土壤养分释放、植物养分吸收过程中的关键机制。对土壤氮素激发的深入了解，不仅有助于农业生产上更加合理制定氮肥运筹，从而提高氮肥的利用率，也有利于评估和控制环境污染并提供有效的治污方法。本文在介绍土壤氮素激发效应概念和机制的基础上，评估目前土壤氮素激发效应的主流测定方法及其在实际应用中的优劣，重点阐述了外源添加物(无机氮肥、有机物料和根系分泌物)对土壤氮素激发效应的作用效果及其微生物机理。土壤氮激发模式中，外源添加物对土壤C/N比的影响可能是土壤氮激发效应作用的关键。当系统中有效C冗余时，施用无机氮肥，促进土壤有机氮的分解，从而表现正的激发效应；反之，有效C不足但有效N富集时，则表现为固氮微生物活性相对增强，从而出现负的激发效应。微生物是激发效应的推动者。本文通过共代谢理论、微生物热区理论和微生物能量与物质转化理论三个理论假说解析了微生物在土壤氮激发过程中可能的作用机制，从而深化对激发效应的认识，为进一步明确土壤激发效应的微生物机制、因素之间的互作效应及通过激发效应为提高氮肥利用效率提供有效途径。     

南亚热带森林演替过程土壤水分、有机质和交换性阳离子的变化格局

Information on the distribution patterns of soil water content （SWC）, soil organic matter （SOM）, and soil exchangeable cations （SEC） is important for managing forest ecosystems in a sustainable manner. This study investigated how SWC, SOM, and SEC were influenced in forests along a successional gradient, including a regional climax （monsoon evergreen broad-leaved forest, or MEBF）, a transitional forest （coniferous and broad-leaved mixed forest, or MF）, and a pioneer forest （coniferous Masson pine （Pinus rnassoniana） forest, or MPF） of the Dinghushan Biosphere Reserve in the subtropical region of southern China. SWC, SOM, and SEC excluding Ca^2＋ were found to increase in the soil during forest succession, being highest in the top soil layer （0 to 15 cm depth） except for Na^＋. The differences between soil layers were largest in MF. This finding also suggested that the nutrients were enriched in the topsoil when they became increasingly scarce in the soil. There were no significant differences （P = 0.05） among SWC, SOM, and SEC. A linear, positive correlation was found between SWC and SOM. The correlation between SOM and cation exchange capacity （CEC） was statistically significant, which agreed with the theory that the most important factor determining SEC is SOM. The ratio of K^＋ to Na^＋ in the topsoil was about a half of that in the plants of each forest. MF had the lowest exchangeable Ca^2＋ concentration among the three forests and Ca^2＋：K^＋ in MPF was two times higher than that in MF. Understanding the changes of SWC, SOM, and CEC during forest succession would be of great help in protecting all three forests in southern China.