枸杞鲜果采后品质变化初探

研究了采后枸杞鲜果果实在常温(20℃左右)、10℃和4℃温度下的品质的变化.结果表明:在常温下贮藏,果肉Vc含量和含水量呈下降趋势,可溶性糖含量先升后降,可溶性固形物含量在贮藏前期略有上升而后期下降;贮藏后期果肉可滴定酸含量增加,而10℃和4℃低温贮藏可降低果实代谢强度,延缓果实衰老,延迟果实软化,减少果实失重和果肉营养成分变化,保持果实较高的品质,延长果实贮藏期,而又以4℃低温贮藏更显著.     

野生蝉花液体菌种培养条件的优化

以野生蝉花菌种为试材,采用液体培养法,研究了碳源、氮源、微量营养和pH对野生蝉花菌种生长的影响,以期为标准化、规模化、产业化人工栽培蝉花提供优质种源。结果表明:将野生蝉花菌株接种到液体培养基中,在19℃,转速120r·min-1恒温振荡摇床内培养,蝉花菌种的最适液体培养基组分为可溶性淀粉20g,奶粉10g,磷酸二氢钾0.5g,硫酸镁1g,维生素B1210片,水1 000mL,最适pH 5.0~6.0。     

Effects of RNA interference targeting CDC25agene on proliferation of human liver cancer HepG2 cells

AIM: To investigate the effect of silencing cell division cycle 25a (CDC25a) gene on the proliferation of human hepatoma HepG2 cells. METHODS: CDC25agene in human hepatoma HepG2 cells was silenced by RNA interference. Real-time PCR was applied to detect the expression of CDC25a, cyclin E and CDK2 at mRNA levels in the HepG2 cells. Western blotting was applied to detect the expression of CDC25a at protein level. In addition, MTT assay, Giemsa staining and flow cytometry were used to measure the proliferation of human hepatoma HepG2 cells. RESULTS: The expression of CDC25a at mRNA and protein levels in RNA silence group was lower than those in negative control group and normal control group (P＜0.05). The mRNA expression of cyclin E and CDK2 in silence group was lower than that in negative control group and normal control group (P＜0.05). The cell proliferation in silence group was lower than that in negative control group and normal control group (P＜0.05). The results of flow cytometry revealed that the cells in silence group were blocked in G1 phase. CONCLUSION: Infection of LV-CDC25a-RNAi recombinant to the HepG2 cells effectively inhibits the CDC25agene expression and the proliferation of human hepatoma cells, and arrests the cells in G1 phase, suggesting that CDC25agene may be a key target for the treatment of liver cancer.     

1-MCP及膜袋与温度耦合处理对‘富士'苹果贮藏效果研究

对'富士'苹果进行1-MCP(1-甲基环丙烯)及膜袋与温度耦合处理贮藏保鲜试验,试验设6个处理:室温对照、室温+1-MCP、室温+膜袋、冷藏对照、冷藏+1-MCP、冷藏+膜袋.结果表明:(1)膜袋处理能显著延长'富士'苹果贮期,而1-MCP(1 000 nl/L,下同)不能显著延长'富士'苹果贮期;各处理中,冷藏+膜袋贮期最长,室温+1-MCP贮期最短.(2)室温(18℃)贮藏条件下,1-MCP及膜袋对'富士'苹果贮藏期间的硬度影响差异不显著;冷藏(5℃)条件下,1-McP处理的'富士'苹果贮藏181 d时的硬度显著高于对照及膜袋.(3)室温贮藏22 d时,1-MCP处理的果实可溶性固形物含量(TSS)显著高于膜袋,但和对照差异不显著;冷藏181 d时,1-MCP及膜袋处理果的TSS和对照无显著差异.(4)室温耦合条件下1-MCP处理加速了贮藏期间'富士'苹果的腐烂,使商品果率迅速降低.综合分析认为:无论室温还是冷藏贮果,膜袋处理效果都最好.     

Nitric oxide-mediated the cardioprotection of tumor necrosis factor-alpha on cultured neonatal rat cardiomyocytes during hypoxia/reoxygenation

AIM: To investigate the role of nitric oxide synthase (NOS), soluble guanylyl cyclase (sGC) and protein kinase C (PKC) signaling in tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)-induced cardioprotection against hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) injury. METHODS: Neonatal rat ventricular myocytes were pretreated with TNF-α or sodium nitroprusside (SNP) or L-arginine (L-Arg), respectively, for 12 h and then subjected to continuous hypoxia for 12 h, followed by reoxygenation for 6 h. The manganese superoxide dismutase (Mn-SOD) activity of the cells was measured after H/R. Myocyte injury was determined by the release of lactic dehydrogenase (LDH). RESULTS: TNF-α (10⁵ U/L) significantly increased the Mn-SOD activity and decreased release of LDH from ventricular myocytes. The cardioprotection against H/R injury was induced by the pretreatment with SNP (5 μmol/L) or L-Arg (5 mmol/L), which was blocked by ODQ (10 μmol/L), the specific sGC inhibitor, and Chel (5 μmol/L), the specific PKC inhibitor. Pretreatment with L-NAME (100 μmol/L), ODQ, Chel, antoxidant 2-MPG (400 μmol/L) or tyrosine kinase inhibitor genistein (50 μmol/L) attenuated the increased Mn-SOD activity and reduced LDH level induced by TNF-α. CONCLUSION: The results suggest that NO may play a role in TNF-α-induced cardioprotection, which is mediated by sGC and PKC.     

水分胁迫对红小豆和绿豆发芽的影响

采用配置不同浓度的聚乙二醇(PEG--6000)溶液来模拟土壤自然水势,对红小豆和绿豆种子萌发进行人工水分胁迫处理.结果表明:随着胁迫程度的加剧,红小豆和绿豆的发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数、活力指数均呈下降趋势;胁迫浓度达20％时红小豆种子不能萌发,表明红小豆种子的萌发的临界水分胁迫值小于20％,而绿豆种子在25％的胁迫溶液中没有发芽,表明绿豆种子萌发的临界水分胁迫值小于25％;发芽后胚轴和胚根的生长亦受到水分胁迫的影响,胚轴/胚根的比值随水分胁迫强度的加强而减小,表明红小豆和绿豆种子萌发后对水分胁迫具有较强的适应性.     

盐碱胁迫对两种地被竹生长指标的影响

以铺地竹、黄条金刚竹为试材,研究了2种竹在中性盐NaCl、Na2SO4和碱性盐NaHCO3、Na2CO3胁迫下的成活率、高生长和生物量的动态变化,探讨和比较其耐盐性的差异。结果表明:在C4(盐浓度:300mmol/L,pH 9.96)处理下,黄条金刚竹全部死亡。在K4(盐浓度:300mmol/L)、C4处理下,铺地竹均有死亡现象。不同盐碱胁迫处理明显抑制了2种竹的高生长和生物量,中性盐胁迫下,2种竹的高生长均呈现先生长加速后降低的趋势,当盐分达到300mmol/L时,黄条金刚竹的生长量仅为对照的25%左右,铺地竹全部死亡;在碱性盐胁迫下,铺地竹的影响较黄条金刚竹大,说明高碱对铺地竹的作用更为明显。     

TeMV与PWV侵染对西番莲代谢生理及组织微结构的影响

以西番莲品种‘台农1号’为实验材料,通过电镜扫描技术比较观测TeMV和PWV侵染与健康西番莲的叶片、幼嫩果实外果皮组织形态结构,分析测定其叶片生理生化变化,研究西番莲病毒侵染对西番莲叶片和幼嫩果实外果皮组织结构和生理生化的影响。结果表明：TeMV与PWV侵染后,西番莲植株叶片的海绵组织细胞间隙缩小,发生成团堆积状排列,栅栏组织细胞萎缩,呈不规则长条形;幼嫩果实外表皮组织中石细胞层发生严重断裂,排列松散,海绵层细胞变得松散,且发生较严重的木质化现象;叶片与幼嫩果实外表皮表面纹理粗糙、褶皱,气孔保卫细胞萎缩,气孔周围组织皱缩、粗燥;感病果实外果皮表面上的腺毛凸起无序。病毒侵染后,感病植株第1～3叶的蔗糖含量较第4～6叶的高23.11%;健康叶片则相对平衡,降低了淀粉积累、PG酶、纤维素酶与PPO酶活性,提高了感病植株第1～3叶的α-淀粉酶、GS酶与POD酶活性。西番莲受TeMV与PWV侵染后,植株叶片第1～6叶营养物质分配不平衡,相关物质的合成分解与抗氧化防御酶系统受伤害,叶片与果实组织形态结构受到不同程度的损坏,植株正常吸收功能遭到破坏。     

氮素形态对小麦幼苗叶绿体色素蛋白复合体含量及希尔反应活性的影响

采用水培方法研究了不同氮素形态对小麦幼苗叶绿体色素、色素蛋白复合体及希尔反应活性的影响.结果表明,50%硝态氮 50%铵态氮处理时,电泳条带中31～43kD范围内的多肽组分及高分量区属于PSⅠ的多肽组分含量最高,两种氮素形态单独施用时最低;叶片的光吸收能力、叶绿素含量及叶绿体蛋白含量均在氮素形态配比相等时达到最大,两种氮素形态单独施用时最低;希尔反应活性则随着铵态氮比例降低而降低.     

95%杀螟丹SP防治萧氏松茎象成虫的药效试验

试验结果表明：95％杀螟丹可溶性粉剂对萧氏松茎象成虫有良好的击倒作用。其1000倍稀释浓度对萧氏松茎象成虫的死亡率达100％，且药效在林间的持效时间可达10天。因此建议在生产上推广应用。