Genetic Analysis of Fruit Body Color in a Hybrid Strain of Flammulina velutipes

A series of hybrid Flammulina velutipes dikaryons were obtained by crossing yellow and white monokaryons.The color of fruit bodies generated from these dikaryons,and the ratio between dark-colored stipe regions and the entire stipe of individual fruit bodies,were determined.Our data suggest that the expression of fruit body color in the hybrid dikaryons was under the control of factors present in both the white and yellow parent monokaryons,and that multiple alleles exist in both white and yellow color-controlling factors.     

番茄穴盘育苗基质特性及育苗效果研究

为了筛选出适宜北京地区春茬番茄的穴盘育苗基质,并明确其物理和化学性质,以提高育苗基质的标准化,推动育苗技术精准控制的标准化进程,选取了北京地区各大育苗场常用的3种商品基质和6种以草炭、蛭石、珍珠岩为主要原料复配的自配基质,用于番茄穴盘集约化育苗,分析育苗基质的理化性质及育苗效果。结果表明:A3处理(北京绿穑生物商品基质)番茄幼苗茎粗最大,较CK(草炭、蛭石、珍珠岩体积比为3∶1∶1)增加13.1%,根冠比和壮苗指数也均最大,分别为0.132和0.069,A5处理(草炭、蛭石、珍珠岩体积比按3∶1∶1混合,每穴添加1 g基质伴侣)仅次于A3处理,两处理春季育苗效果好,建议进行推广应用。     

Expression of Cdc25a in cross-species hepatocellular carcinoma tissues and its significance

AIM：To study the expression of cell division cycle 25a protein (Cdc25a) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) tissues of different species, including human, rat and tree shrew, and to verify the feasibility of the strategy of cross-species oncogenomics screening. METHODS：Real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR and Western blotting were applied to detect the expression of Cdc25a at mRNA and protein levels in the HCC tissues, corresponding HCC-adjacent liver tissues and normal liver tissues collected from humans, rats and tree shrews. RESULTS：The mRNA expression of Cdc25a in the HCC tissues of humans, rats and tree shrews was higher than that in normal liver tissues (P<0.05). The mRNA levels of Cdc25a in the HCC tissues of humans and rats were higher than those in the corresponding HCC-adjacent liver tissues (P<0.05). The mRNA expression of Cdc25a in the HCC tissues was significantly correlated with the portal vein tumor thrombus, the extrahepatic metastasis and the clinical stage, but was not correlated with the recurrence of tumor, the diameter of tumor, the number of tumor, the level of serum alpha-fetoprotein and the differentiation of tumor. The protein levels of Cdc25a in the HCC tissues of humans, rats and tree shrews were higher than those in the corresponding HCC-adjacent liver tissues and the normal liver tissues. CONCLUSION：Cdc25a may be a particularly crucial molecule for hepatocarcinogenesis. The cross-species oncogenomics screening may represent a feasible and convenient way for identifying key molecules of human HCC.     

石斛兰dfr基因的克隆、序列分析及原核表达

二氢黄酮醇4 - 还原酶(DFR) 在不同花色形成中起着关键作用。利用RT-PCR方法从石斛兰中克隆出dfr基因, 并命名为Dendfr。该序列全长1 164 bp, 编码352个氨基酸。氨基酸序列分析发现, DenDFR与3种兰科植物的DFR氨基酸序列同源性达81% ～86% , 与其他非兰科植物的DFR氨基酸同源性在56% ～72%之间。在Den DFR N - 末端存在一个保守的NADP结合区, 序列中存在26个氨基酸组成的底物特异结合区, 其中134位氨基酸处存在特异的天冬酰胺N位点。将Dendfr的编码区克隆到pQE30载体中, 在大肠杆菌中高效表达了该蛋白, 为进一步研究石斛兰花色形成机制及花色改良基因工程打下基础。     

茯苓液体培养条件研究及其营养浓缩液的相关检测

研究表明，液体培养条件下，茯苓经0～48h的适应期，48～144h的增殖期后进入稳定期，发酵液pH骤降。经检测，发酵液中含有包括十六烷酸和十八烷酸在内的有机酸；发酵罐培养120h，生物量≥30g/l00mL(鲜重)。茯苓营养浓缩液多糖含量≥5．0mg/mL，氨基酸含量≥480mg/100mL。动物实验证明，茯苓营养浓缩液具有显著的抗疲劳和提高机体免疫力作用，其重金属和微生物指标均符合国家标准。     

草莓根腐病病原菌分离与鉴定

为了有效防控草莓根腐病,采用组织分离法,对徐州地区草莓根腐病病原菌进行分离与鉴定,分离、纯化后获取了5个真菌菌株,经形态学与分子生物学碱基序列测定结果比对发现：CMGF-1是胶孢炭疽菌或其亚种,CMGF-2和CMGF-3是棒孢拟盘多毛孢或其亚种,CMGF-4和CMGF-5是串珠镰刀菌或其亚种。黑根根腐的致病菌主要是镰刀菌和拟盘多毛孢菌,而红中柱根腐的致病菌是胶孢炭疽菌。     

低温胁迫下佛手和枳乙烯应答因子6（ERF6）表达变化的比较分析

 以柑橘属寒敏感植物佛手‘青皮’品种叶片cDNA为模板,通过RT-PCR与RACE扩增,获得一个1 160 bp的乙烯应答因子（ethylene response factor,ERF）基因的cDNA序列,其基因编码区共999 bp,含有一个保守的AP2/EREBP结构域,与拟南芥AtERF6为同源基因,命名为CmsERF6（GenBank登录号为HQ698835）。4 ℃低温处理佛手和枳（柑橘属近缘种耐寒植物）植株,测定其寒胁迫生理指标（电解质渗出率、丙二醛含量）。使用实时荧光定量PCR,对佛手和枳叶中的ERF6表达含量进行测定分析,结果表明：低温对佛手与枳的ERF6表达均具有诱导作用,且表达量的变化趋势存在明显的差异。尤其在枳中,ERF6的表达较对照组上升约4 000倍,且电解质外渗率的变化与ERF6基因表达量变化具有一致性,说明ERF6基因参与低温胁迫应答。     

拮抗细菌BMY-1菌株对几种水果储藏病原真菌的抑制作用

采用平板对峙培养法测定从土壤中分离获得的拮抗细菌BMY-1菌株对柑桔绿霉病菌（Penicillium digatatum）、柑桔青霉病菌（Penicillium italicum）、苹果炭疽病菌（Glomerella cingulata）、苹果轮纹病菌（Physalospora piricola）、梨扩展青霉病菌（Penicillium expansum）、葡萄白腐病菌（Coniothyrium dlodiella）等6种水果产后病原真菌的抑制作用。结果表明，BMY-1菌株对苹果炭疽病菌（G.cingulata）和梨扩展青霉菌（P．expansum）的生长有较好的作用，抑菌率分别达48．43％和50．37％。采用液体共培养法观察到BMY-1菌株对病原真菌的菌丝有破坏作用，使苹果炭疽病菌菌丝扭曲和断裂，葡萄白腐病菌菌丝膨大畸形。对几种水果同时接种拮抗细菌BMY-1和病原真菌，BMY-1菌株对苹果炭疽病病斑和梨扩青病病斑扩展有较强的抑制作用，并能有效延迟葡萄白腐病发病时间。     

不同时期套袋对"烟富6"苹果果实发育及品质的影响

以山东省潍坊地区"烟富6"苹果为试材,进行不同时期套单层塑膜袋对果实发育过程中外观及内在品质的影响研究。结果表明:套袋能明显改善果实的外观品质,提高果实的单果重,降低果实硬度、可溶性固形物含量、可滴定酸、淀粉含量和可溶性糖含量。     

柿新品种——中农红灯笼的选育

中农红灯笼柿是普通小火罐柿的实生优株,10月下旬成熟。果实灯笼形,平均单果质量63.8 g。果肉鲜红色,果皮橘红色。无褐斑,致密,细软多汁,纤维少,黏质,无核或少核,可溶性固形物16%～19%。树冠呈圆锥形或圆头形,结果早,丰产性好,坐果率高,抗逆性强。果实极耐贮藏,0～4℃下可贮藏至翌年清明节前后。