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71.
Siamak Shirani Bidabadi Hamidreza Mehri Cyrus Ghobadi Bahram Baninasab Marzieh Afazel 《Journal of Crop Science and Biotechnology》2013,16(4):277-283
The role of exogenously applied Methyl jasmonate (MeJA) in morphological responses, photochemical efficiency, changes of malondialdehyde content, and the activities of some antioxidant enzymes were investigated in four Iranian grapevine cultivars. MeJA improved morphological traits containing dry and fresh weight, node number, and shoot length. MeJA induced an oxidative stress, as shown by an increase in lipid peroxidation. Activities of catalase, peroxidase, and ascorbate peroxidase were higher in MeJA-treated grapevines than in controls while the relative water content and leaf water loss of grapevine cultivars demonstrated a non-significant difference between the control and varying levels of MeJA. MeJA was positively affected in recovery of the leaf chlorophyll fluorescence (photochemical efficiency) of grapevine cultivars, although the mean proline content of MeJA-treated grapevines indicated a significant decrease when compared with those of the controls. These results suggest that MeJA could act as an intervener in grapevine responses by the enhancing the activity of antioxidants and recovery of photochemical efficiency, leading to enhanced grapevine performance. 相似文献
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Esmaeilnejad B Tavassoli M Asri-Rezaei S Dalir-Naghadeh B 《Veterinary parasitology》2012,185(2-4):124-130
The present study aimed to assess antioxidant status and oxidative stress in sheep naturally infected with Babesia ovis. Red blood cell (RBC) count, hemoglobin (Hb) concentration, packed cell volume (PCV), piroplasm parasitemia percentage, malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration, erythrocyte superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), catalase (CAT) activities and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) were determined in 52 sheep naturally infected with B. ovis as well as same number of healthy sheep in West-Azerbaijan province, Iran. Microscopic examination of Giemsa-stained peripheral blood smears revealed B. ovis infection. The parasitological diagnosis was confirmed using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis by amplifying a partial small subunit ribosomal RNA (ssu rRNA) gene sequence of B. ovis of 52 diseased sheep, 18 (34.61%), 11 (21.15%), 16 (30.76%) and 7 (13.48%) had <1%, 1-2%, 2-3% and >3% parasitemia, respectively. Compared to controls, the activities of erythrocyte GSH-Px, SOD, TAC and CAT showed a significant decrease, whereas the concentration of MDA in erythrocytes of infected sheep increased significantly. Parasitemia rate was positively correlated with MDA and negatively correlated with PCV, SOD, CAT, GSH-Px and TAC. Also, MDA was negatively correlated with PCV, SOD, catalase, GSH-Px and TAC. The study demonstrated that B. ovis plays an important role in the occurrence of oxidative damage to RBCs and anemia in ovine babesiosis. 相似文献
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Azizi S Rezaei FS Saifzadeh S Dalir-Naghadeh B 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》2007,231(11):1704-1708
OBJECTIVE: To determine associations between rate of fistula formation and parity, lactation period, wound age, wound location, and shape of teat injuries in surgically treated teats in dairy cows. STUDY DESIGN: Prospective clinical study. ANIMALS: 106 lactating dairy cows with teat lacerations. PROCEDURES: Lacerations were classified via shape, location, and age. Associations between potential risk factors and fistula formation were analyzed. Seasonal distribution, type of injured teat, parity, and days in lactation were determined. RESULTS:Cows with teat injury in their first and second parity had 4.1 times the odds of fistula formation, compared with cows with parity >or= 3.Teats sutured within 48 to 72 hours of injury had 8.3 times the odds of fistula formation, compared with teats sutured within the first 24 hours. Cows in early lactation stage (first 60 days of lactation) were more susceptible to teat injuries. Occurrence of teat injury was greater at the third, fourth, and fifth parity. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Season, parity, and lactation period were associated with prevalence of teat injury in lactating dairy cows in a range system. Neither the type of suture material used nor the suturing technique was associated with effects on healing of the operated full-thickness teat wounds. Factors such as parity and age of the wound can be associated with delay in the healing process, which may result in fistula formation. 相似文献
76.
Sirous Tahmasebi Bahram Heidari Hassan Pakniyat Mohammad Reza Jalal Kamali 《Plant Breeding》2014,133(6):702-711
Heat and drought are the most important wheat production constraints worldwide. The objectives of this research were to evaluate the independent and combined effects of drought and heat in SeriM82/Babax population. Genotypes showed 11, 38 and 52% losses in grain yield (YLD) in 2010–11 and 18, 25 and 48% in 2011–12 under heat, drought and combined stress, respectively. Seri M82 had higher YLD than Babax under heat and combined stress. Grain per spike and canopy temperature at vegetative stage (CTv) in irrigated, day to heading and CT at grain‐filling stage (CTg) in drought, CTg and thousand‐grain weight (TGW) in heat and in combined trials were the best predictors of YLD. Results indicated that due to genotype by environment interactions not all stress‐adaptive traits could be accumulated in a single genotype. In general, day to heading, CTg and grain weight are suggested as indirect selection criteria for increasing YLD under heat and drought stresses. In particular, CTg could be used as a rapid and effective criterion for screening a high number of genotypes. 相似文献
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This study was designed to determine the effects of hormonal manipulation on stress responses in female and male pikeperch. Two-year-old cultured female and male broodstocks with an average weight of 337.4 ± 20.1 (mean ± SE; n = 16) and 318.7 ± 15.1 g (n = 16), respectively, were randomly allocated into four hormonal treatments each containing 4 fish. Two sexual groups of 16 fish for each gender were considered. Sexually mature male and female pikeperch were injected with either physiological saline solution (as control group), common carp pituitary extract (CPE), human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) and or luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone analog (LHRHa2). The blood samples were taken before hormonal injection and after ovulation and spermiation. Then the plasma levels of stress indices (cortisol, glucose, and lactate) were determined. The results showed that all CPE-, HCG-, and LHRHa2- injected males produced sperm. In females treated with CPE and hCG, three of four ovulated, but none of LHRHa2- and saline-injected fish spawned. Significant changes in cortisol, glucose, and lactate levels were observed among the females injected with different hormones. Plasma cortisol and glucose levels increased significantly in males injected with CPE and females injected with hCG, but no significant change was observed in lactate levels before and after hormonal induction. Comparison of two sexes revealed significant differences in glucose levels for females in some groups before injection, while CPE-injected sexes showed significant changes in cortisol and lactate concentrations. The results indicated that the induction of ovulation or spermiation stimulated stress responses especially in female pikeperch, and therefore, all the procedures should be made to minimize the disturbance during the artificial spawning. 相似文献
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Bahram Falahatkar Samaneh Poursaeid Bahman Meknatkhah Hossein Khara Iraj Efatpanah 《Fish physiology and biochemistry》2014,40(2):365-373
Juvenile stellate sturgeon Acipenser stellatus were intraperitoneally injected with estradiol-17β (E2; 0 and 5 mg/kg fish) to investigate the possibility of sex reversal and also determine the changes in biochemical parameters. Five-month-old fish (40.9 ± 1.1 g) were injected every 3-week interval during a 190-day trial. At the termination of the experiment, final weight and other growth parameters including weight gain and specific growth rate, hepatosomatic and viscerosomatic indices were not affected by repetitive injection of E2. Hematological features of E2-treated fish showed significant reductions in number of red blood cells, hemoglobin concentration, hematocrit value and mean corpuscular hemoglobin (P < 0.05), but no significant changes were observed in number of white blood cells, mean corpuscular volume and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (P > 0.05). Calcium, phosphorus, glucose, triacylglycerol, cholesterol, total protein and estradiol concentrations were significantly increased in fish injected with E2 (P < 0.001). Plasma progesterone and testosterone levels were noticeably lower in fish injected with 5 mg/kg E2 rather than the control fish (P < 0.001). Histological observations of gonads showed that all fish injected with 5 mg/kg E2 apparently feminized, while 66.6 % of the control group was female. These results revealed that the injection of E2 is an effective method for feminization of stellate sturgeon without having significant inhibitory effects on growth and survival. 相似文献
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Sobhan Ranay Akhavan Amir Parviz Salati Bahram Falahatkar Seyed Amir Hossein Jalali 《Fish physiology and biochemistry》2016,42(3):967-978
Plasma chemistry, lipid metabolism and vitellogenin gene expression of captive Sterlet sturgeon Acipenser ruthenus were studied in different maturity stages. A total of 32 fish were sampled, and maturity stages were identified on the basis of histological criteria and direct observation. Females were classified to four groups: previtellogenic, vitellogenic, post-vitellogenic, and atresia. Blood, gonad and liver tissue samples were taken through non-lethal biopsy. Our results showed that plasma levels of glucose, cholesterol, triacylglycerol, high-density lipoprotein, low-density lipoprotein, very low-density lipoprotein, calcium, phosphorus, alkaline phosphatase activity, albumin and total protein increased during ovarian development and were highest at post-vitellogenic stage. The lowest amounts in atresia stage demonstrate that lipid and energy imbalance was related to reabsorption and digestion of the yolk. These results suggested that the VLDL was the main plasma lipoprotein component of Sterlet. We determined that lipoprotein lipase and hepatic lipase activity increased during vitellogenesis process which suggested the role of lipase enzymes in regulating blood lipid metabolism. RT-PCR analysis indicates that Vitellogenin (VTG) mRNA could be detected both in livers and ovaries of female Sterlet. Throughout the study, the expression level of VTG gene showed an increase both in ovaries and in livers reaching its peak at late vitellogenesis stage. This strongly indicated a relation between VTG mRNA and ovarian development. 相似文献