完善我国地方税制度的思考及建议

我国新一轮的税制改革即将开始,这将是继1994年分税制改革以来,我国又一次大的税收制度的调整,其目标是使我国的分税制体制更加完善,更加与市场经济相适应.税制改革中地方税制度的改革是十分关键的一部分,文中分析了当前我国地方税制度中存在的问题,并提出了一些构思性的设想.     

秸秆深埋还田开沟扶垄犁设计及试验研究

针对我国北方旱作地区春玉米播种时墒情不够、肥力不足的问题,提出了在秋季收获后进行深开沟、沟内铺放秸秆、覆土起垄整垄、垄上覆膜的秸秆深埋,蓄积秋冬降水的土肥水跨季节联合调控技术。研制了秸秆深埋还田开沟扶垄犁。采用对称式可翻转犁架,实现开沟、覆土、起垄、整垄联合作业。田间性能试验结果表明:该机开沟深度可以达到40cm,沟形规整,覆土效果较好,整垄效率高,垄形符合农艺要求。采用该机进行秋季秸秆深埋还田,可以有效提高土壤水分含量,提高玉米产量。     

珍珠粟在畜禽饲料中的应用研究进展

珍珠粟作为一种重要的热带谷类作物而广泛地种植于半干旱地区,坑旱、耐瘠,其籽实蛋白质含量高,氨基酸组成合理,含抗营养因子少,作为玉米的替代品而广泛地应用于畜禽养殖业中,尤其在非反刍动物饲料中的应用效果较好。     

基于B/S结构的家蚕育种与种性维持信息管理系统

对家蚕育种亲本及其新品种性状数据档案实行信息化管理,可在家蚕育种和品种的种性维持过程中自动实现完整的信息采集、计算、调用、选择等功能。开发了一个基于B/S结构的家蚕育种与种性维持信息管理系统,主要包括品种管理、计划任务管理、饲育信息管理、蚕茧信息管理、选种信息管理、选优信息管理等功能模块。选种信息管理模块的运行过程是通过电子天平称量蚕茧质量,然后根据计算模型自动进行数据信息处理与统计分析实施选择。用户可以方便地通过网络访问该系统,实现家蚕新品种选育及种性维持工作的自动化。     

Endozoochorous seed dispersal by golden snub-nosed monkeys in a temperate forest

Seed dispersal is essential for plant recruitment and the maintenance of biodiversity. Colobine monkeys are primarily folivorous, but they also consume fruits and are often assumed to be seed predators. Although they are known to be epizoochorous seed dispersers, their role as endozoochorous seed dispersers needs reassessment. We examined potential endozoochory in golden snub-nosed monkeys (Rhinopithecus roxellana) at Dalongtan in Shennongjia National Park, central China, by assessing potential germination of ingested seeds (n = 1806, 9 species) from fecal samples. Intact seeds were in almost all fecal samples (ranging from 5–130 seeds), and ingested seeds were from small seeded species (seed width <4.5 mm). The 2 most abundant species were Actinidia arguta (73%) and Rosa caudata (15%). The fruits of A. arguta were unripe when ingested (i.e. effective seed predation) and the ingested seeds did not germinate in the trials. Therefore, ingestion of unripe seeds does not lead to effective seed dispersal. However, germination rates of defecated R. caudata (9%) were greater than control seeds (6% and 0%), demonstrating potential endozoochorous seed dispersal. Thus, colobine monkeys do indeed disperse mainly small-seeded from multi-seeded fruits through potential endozoochory and this process enhances the recruitment of seedlings.     

雌雄蛹自动分选机的研制

雌雄蚕蛹分选是制造优质蚕种的重要环节。依据雌雄蛹体重量和体形大小存在明显差异的特点 ,研制成功三段式雌雄分选机。经生产测试 ,每小时可分选 135 96kg茧的蚕蛹 ,分选雌雄蛹的误鉴率平均为 3 18% ,比人工分选的准确率高 ;通过调节分选孔的大小 ,准确率可达 99 5 %以上 ;在复眼着黑后分选对蛹体无损伤。机械操作简易 ,符合生产要求     

内蒙古多伦农牧交错区固定沙丘植被群落特征分析

研究固定沙丘丘顶和丘间地土壤含水量、物种优势度、物种多样性与相似性。结果表明,丘顶和丘间地土壤含水量的差异较大,后者的土壤含水量明显高于前者,在丘顶和丘间地不仅植物种类和数量存在差异,而且优势种的序列亦发生较大变化,其中丘顶的主要优势种为黄柳和褐沙蒿,丘间则为羊柴和白沙蒿。群落中物种多样性与相似性指数表明,丘顶和丘间地植物群落生态因子的差异不仅对群落内优势种和从属种的分布格局产生较大影响,而且也导致群落结构和功能发生较大变化。     

梅花鹿生长激素基因的克隆及序列分析

对梅花鹿的生长激素基因I部分片段进行了克隆测序 ,序列长度为 14 6 6bp ,现已将该序列提交到GeneBank上。GeneBank中的Blast分析表明 ,梅花鹿生长激素基因I与马鹿同源性为 99% ,与鼷鹿同源性为84 %。     

Association of toll‐like receptor 2 polymorphisms with somatic cell score in Xinjiang Brown cattle

This study aims to identify single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and haplotypes in the TLR2 gene, and analyze the association of SNPs or haplotypes and somatic cell scores in 151 Xinjiang Brown cattle and 138 Holsteins to evaluate the role of TLR2 during intramammary infections. TLR2 coding region was amplified by PCR and screened for SNP sequencing. Genotypes and frequencies of SNPs were identified. Finally, the associations of genotypes or haplotypes and somatic cell scores (SCS) were analyzed. The results showed that: (i) 15 SNPs (E+653, E+945, E+978, E+1010, E+1250, E+1688, E+1707, E+1779, E+1782, E+1891, E+1995, E+2025, E+2055, E+2214 and E+2295) were observed and detected from 289 cows; (ii) distribution of the 14 SNPs were significantly different from Xinjiang Brown cattle and Holstein (P < 0.001) except for the E+945 (P > 0.05); (iii) in 11 SNPs (E+945, E+978, E+1010, E+1688, E+1707, E+1779, E+1782, E+1995, E+2025, E+2055 and E+2214), the SCS of AB genotype was lower than AA (P < 0.05) in Xinjiang Brown cattle; and (iv) haplotypes composed of the above‐mentioned 11 SNPs were constructed. The SCS of cattle with Hap5 was lower than that of Hap3 (P < 0.05). This suggests that Hap5 might play an important role in sub‐mastitis resistance in Xinjiang Brown cattle.