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121.
Abolfazl Bahrami Astrid Ardiyanti Kaoru Tonosaki Keiichi Suzuki Nanako Tanida Takuji Hirayama Sang‐Gun Roh Takeshi Nishio Kazuo Katoh 《Animal Science Journal》2013,84(12):802-804
From a series of studies on single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the bovine growth hormone (GH) gene of Japanese Black cattle, the type‐C (127Val and 172Met) that is specific for this breed has been intensively focused upon because of the economic importance for carcass traits, such as intramuscular oleic acid contents. In the present study, we intended to analyze the 3‐D structure of GH of haplotype C, and developed a novel method to detect the type C gene. Three‐D analysis of the type C protein showed that the amino acid residues (127Val and 172Met), which are present in the third and fourth helixes, respectively, and are important for binding with GH receptors, are shifted to deeper positions in the molecule compared with that for type A (127Leu and 172Thr), implying the alteration of binding interaction with receptors. A novel, efficient and cost‐effective method (Dot‐blot‐SNP technique) for type C genotyping was successfully established, of which the basal method was a reported genotyping of SNPs for a large number of plants, reducing the cost to 10% or less of direct sequencing. 相似文献
122.
Jores J Stephan R Knabner D Gelderblom HR Lewin A 《Berliner und Münchener tier?rztliche Wochenschrift》2003,116(9-10):396-400
From 1995 to 1997 several defined species like V. alginolyticus, V. anguillarum, V. cholerae (non O1 and non O139), V. mimicus, V. parahaemolyticus and V. vulnificus were isolated during a survey to determine the presence of V. vulnificus in the brackish water of the Baltic Sea in Germany. Moreover atypical Vibrio isolates were detected. Four isolates belonging to a group of atypical Vibrio and possibly representing a new species in the genus Vibrio were characterized in detail. All four strains were isolated from surface costal waters. Based on 16S rDNA sequence analysis they showed the highest relatedness to the species V. navarrensis and V. vulnificus. The strains did not harbor the species specific hemolysin gene vvhA from V. vulnificus as shown by PCR and hybridization experiments. Moreover, they differed in at least two biochemical parameters tested from the hitherto described Vibrio species. All these strains induced hemolysis on washed blood agar dishes and showed phase variations on Luria Bertani agar dishes. Because of the similarity to the eel pathogen V. vulnificus, we infected eels with one of the four atypical strains (CH-291), but no pathogenicity for eels could be detected. Furthermore, Vero cell tests with supernatants of bacterial cultures did not reveal secreted Vero cell cytotoxic compounds. This indicates a nonpathogenic nature of these strains. 相似文献
123.
Huth C Russke A Alsleben B Hamann H Distl O 《Berliner und Münchener tier?rztliche Wochenschrift》2005,118(3-4):150-159
In 56 heifers of the three breeds German Holstein (GH), German Brown (GB) und German Red (GR) the body weight and height were determined at the age of 350 to 550 days in intervals of 6 to 8 weeks. At the right front limb and the left hind limb the claw measurements dorsal wall length, diagonal length, heel length and height, the angle of the dorsal wall and the hardness of the claw were taken. Furthermore, the punctual pressure under the medial and the lateral claw of the right front limb and the left hind limb were determined using an electronic measuring system. The GH heifers weighing 387.3 kg on an average and having a mean height of 132.3 cm at the sacral bone in the course of the present study were the heaviest and tallest breed at the age of 12 to 18 months. GB had a weight of 366.2 kg and 106.2 cm height at the sacral bone. The GR were the smallest breed (126.0 cm) and weighed 337.7 kg. The heel at the front limb was on the average 1 cm shorter than at the hind limb and it was 0.5 cm lower. The angle of the dorsal border was 4-5 degrees higher at the hind limb. The GR had the flattest claws. The animals showed a larger average weight load on the medial claws than on the lateral claws especially of the front limbs. The highest pressures per cm2 were found underneath the rear part of the medial claw in all breeds. At the front limb, the GB showed significantly higher average pressures per cm2 under the front sectors of the claws than GH and GR, while the other values did not differ significantly between the breeds. The GH tended to have lower average pressures per cm2 underneath the claws of the hind limb, but this was only significant at the front medial sector of the claw. 相似文献
124.
Zusammenfassung Ziel der Untersuchungen war es, die Auswirkungen verschiedener Temperatur- und Strahlungsbedingungen während der Akklimatisationsphase auf das anschließende Wachstum von Ficus benjamina und Schefflera arboricola im Innenraum zu ermitteln. Beide Pflanzenarten wurden sechs Monate Temperaturen von 15, 20 und 25°C kombiniert mit verschiedenen Photonenstromdichten (PFD; F. benjamina bei 40, 80 und 180 µmol m–2s–1 und S. arboricola bei 10, 20 und 80 µmol m–2s–1) ausgesetzt. Nach der Akklimatisationsphase wuchsen die Pflanzen sechs Monate unter Innenraumbedingungen bei 18 µmol m–2s–1 PFD sowie 20°C bei Belichtung und 18°C bei Dunkelheit. Während der Akklimatisationsphase führte bei F. benjamina die Kombination von 15°C und 180 µmol m–2s–1 PFD zu einer geringen Blattbildung, nicht voll entwickelten Internodien sowie zu aufgehellten Blättern ohne sortentypischen Blattglanz. Das Pflanzenwachstum von F. benjamina und S. arboricola im Innenraum wurde durch die gewählten Akklimatisationsbedingungen positiv beeinflusst. Nach dem Überführen der Pflanzen in den Innenraum traten bei keiner untersuchten Temperatur- und Strahlungsbehandlung Wachstumsdepressionen, Schädlingsbefall oder starker Blattfall auf. Nach sechs Monaten Wachstum im Innenraum hatten sich bei beiden Pflanzenarten die untersuchten Merkmale unabhängig von den Akklimatisationsbedingungen annähernd gleich entwickelt. 相似文献
125.
Jiménez A Sánchez B Pérez Alenza D García P López JV Rodriguez A Muñoz A Martínez F Vargas A Peña L 《Veterinary immunology and immunopathology》2008,121(1-2):34-43
The Iberian lynx is the most endangered felid species in the world, confined nowadays to two isolated metapopulations in the southwest of Spain, where less than 200 individuals survive. Little is known about the diseases that affect these animals in the wild or in captivity. Kidney samples from necropsies of 27 Iberian lynxes, wild and captive, were examined by histopathology, immunohistochemistry (IgG, IgM, IgA, laminin, type IV collagen, and fibronectin), electron microscopy (n=8) and immunogold labelling for IgM, IgG and IgA in one case, in order to characterize the glomerulopathy prevalent in this species. Urinalyses from records were available for 9 of the necropsied animals and blood and urine samples from 23 free ranging and captive Iberian lynxes were prospectively obtained in order to evaluate the renal function of the living population. A focal, diffuse membranous glomerulonephritis (MGN) that progressed with age was diagnosed in all but one of the animals in different stages not associated to concurrently known infectious diseases. Positive immunoexpression of IgM and IgG was observed in the glomerular capillary basement membranes and intramembranous electron-dense deposits, compatible with immune complexes (ICs) were seen with electron microscopy. The immunogold labelling was also positive for IgM and IgG in the electron-dense areas. The serum biochemistry and urinalyses also revealed signs of mild chronic kidney disease in 16 of the 23 animals evaluated. In conclusion, the membranous glomerulopathy affecting the Iberian lynx is a progressive disease of immune origin. We postulate a possible genetic predisposition towards the disease, enhanced by inbreeding and a possible connection to an immune-mediated systemic disease. 相似文献
126.
Vincentius A. Halim Astrid Hunger Violetta Macioszek Peter Landgraf Thorsten Nürnberger Dierk Scheel Sabine Rosahl 《Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology》2004,64(6):311-318
The Phytophthora-derived oligopeptide elicitor, Pep-13, originally identified as an inducer of plant defense in the nonhost–pathogen interaction of parsley and Phytophthora sojae, triggers defense responses in potato. In cultured potato cells, Pep-13 treatment results in an oxidative burst and activation of defense genes. Infiltration of Pep-13 into leaves of potato plants induces the accumulation of hydrogen peroxide, defense gene expression and the accumulation of jasmonic and salicylic acids. Derivatives of Pep-13 show similar elicitor activity in parsley and potato, suggesting a receptor-mediated induction of defense response in potato similar to that observed in parsley. However, unlike in parsley, infiltration of Pep-13 into leaves leads to the development of hypersensitive response-like cell death in potato. Interestingly, Pep-13-induced necrosis formation, hydrogen peroxide formation and accumulation of jasmonic acid, but not activation of a subset of defense genes, is dependent on salicylic acid, as shown by infiltration of Pep-13 into leaves of potato plants unable to accumulate salicylic acid. Thus, in a host plant of Phytophthora infestans, Pep-13 is able to elicit salicylic acid-dependent and -independent defense responses. 相似文献
127.
128.
The Alliance for Freshwater Life: A global call to unite efforts for freshwater biodiversity science and conservation 下载免费PDF全文
William Darwall Vanessa Bremerich Aaike De Wever Anthony I. Dell Jörg Freyhof Mark O. Gessner Hans‐Peter Grossart Ian Harrison Ken Irvine Sonja C. Jähnig Jonathan M. Jeschke Jessica J. Lee Cai Lu Aleksandra M. Lewandowska Michael T. Monaghan Jens C. Nejstgaard Harmony Patricio Astrid Schmidt‐Kloiber Simon N. Stuart Michele Thieme Klement Tockner Eren Turak Olaf Weyl 《水产资源保护:海洋与淡水生态系统》2018,28(4):1015-1022
129.
Koch Eckhard Zink Petra Pfeiffer Tobias von Galen Astrid Linkies Ada Drechsel Jannika Birr Tim 《植物病害和植物保护杂志》2020,127(6):883-893
Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection - The study describes the development and employment of plant tests based on artificial inoculation of seeds or the potting substrate for evaluating the... 相似文献
130.
Sabine H. G. Stenkamp Manuel S. Becker Bernd H. E. Hill Rolf Blaich Astrid Forneck 《Euphytica》2009,165(1):197-209
This project studied the genetic variation of the periclinal grape chimera Pinot Meunier, its natural occurring mutations
(loss of trichomes on leaf surfaces) and the German Pinot noir clone Samtrot. Eleven Pinot Meunier clones of French, Italian
and foremost German origin, Pinot Meunier mutations of differing ages and with various dispersions of hairless sectors as
bud-, shoot- and complete vine mutations and six Samtrot clones were investigated with amplified fragment length polymorphisms
(AFLPs) and microsatellites (SSRs). SSR-analysis proved chimerism of all Pinot Meunier clones tested and confirmed identical
genotype for all hairless mutations and Samtrot clones at the analyzed loci. Clonal variation was shown by AFLP-analysis yielding
a total of 670 bands out of 18 primer combinations of which 161 were polymorphic. Pinot Meunier, Samtrot and the naturally
occurring hairless Pinot Meunier mutations could be significantly differentiated. Most of interclonal varying AFLP fragments
(mean 1.5% per sample) originated within the groups of Samtrot or Pinot Meunier mutations, whereas intraclonal identity was
highest within the Pinot Meunier clones. According to the analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA), variation among wild type
and mutated Pinot Meunier leaf halves is significantly smaller than between phenotypically identical Samtrot and Pinot Meunier
mutants. Average gene diversity calculated on variability of loci reduced from Samtrot (0.040 ± 0.023) towards Pinot Meunier
(0.025 ± 0.013) clones. 相似文献