Analysis of Sediment Source of Watershed in Western Shanxi of the Loess Plateau

1 INTRODUCTIONThe Loess Plateau is the most drastic soil erosion regionin China, with the most severe water erosion. Thedistribution of types and intensity of erosion not onlyhave regional diversity but also have perpendicularvariation. In the small watershed, there are differencesin erosion characters among its upper, middle and lowerreaches. It is very significant for taking rationalmeasures of soil and water conservation and forpreventing soil and water loss to analyze the relationbe…     

Strategic Trend of Chinese Urban Forestry Development

1 STRATEGY BACKGROUND1.1 Quickening of Urbanization ProcessSince the reform and opening-up in China in 1978,economic community developed rapidly. By the endof 2003, GDP has exceeded $1 000 billion. With therapid development of Chinese economy, residentialmode focusing on rural population is now changing,urbanization process is quickening, traditional cityscale is expanding into metropolis (Tianjin, Xi’an,Chengdu, Chongqing, etc.) or super cities (Beijing,Shanghai, Guangzhou, etc.…     

Construction of cDNA Library from Populus euphratica

1 Introduction Populus euphratica is a salt tolerant tree species, which is mainly distributed in the desert regions in northwest China (Wei 1993). Moreover, it is the only large tree species, which can survive and develop into forest in these arid and saline-alkali areas. P. euphratica forest plays a very important role in restraining the expansion of desert, maintaining ecological environment in west China, protecting the biological diversity and raising the local people抯 living standard…     

Ultrastructural and Extracellular Protein Changes in Cell Suspension Cultures of Populus euphratica Associated with Low Temperature-induced Cold Acclimation

Populus euphratica Olive is the only tree species that can grow in the saline land and also survive cold winters in northwest China, and it plays a very important role in stabilizing the vulnerable ecosystem there. A cell suspension culture was initiated from callus derived from plantlets of Populus euphratica. Cold acclimation was induced (LT50 of-17.5 ℃) in cell suspension at 4-5 ℃ in the dark for 30 days and the freezing tolerance increased from LT50 of-12.5 ℃ in nonacclimated cells to LT50 of-17.5 ℃ in cold-acclimated cells. Microvacuolation, cytoplasmic augmentation and accumulation of starch granules were observed in cells that were cold-acclimated by exposure to low temperatures. Several qualitative and quantitative changes in proteins were noted during cold acclimation. Antibodies to carrot extracellular (apoplastic) 36 kD antifreeze protein did not cross react on immunoelectroblots with extracellular proteins in cell suspension culture medium of Populus euphratica, indicating no common epitopes in the carrot 36 kD antifreeze protein and P euphratica extracellular proteins. The relationship of these changes to cold acclimation in Populus euphratica cell cultures was discussed.     

Analysis on Schistosomiasis Occurrence And Preventive Measures in Three Gorges Reservoir

Recently, due to more flooding, schistosomiasis is in expanding tendency in some areas. With Three Gorges Engineering progress, schistosomiasis will occurr potentially in Three Gorges reservoir. In order to control the disease, some methods must be applied, e.g. chemicals, biological measures. To some extent every way has its specific effect. However, the vital way is improving the environment and reducing the amount of snails. One of the effective ways is conducting forestry ecological engineering that focuses on snail control and schistosomiasis prevention. The practical ways cover such as pollution controlling, ditches surface hardening. Especially for water-level-fluctuation zone, conducting forestry ecological engineering to improve environment to prevent snails＇ propagation is significant and vital. By operating the project environment could be greatly improved and people＇s living conditions would be bettered.     

基于杂交种群体的玉米产量及其配合力的全基因组关联分析

【目的】通过分析陕A群和陕B群选育自交系组配的杂交种产量,评估自交系的配合力,并开展以产量和配合力为目标性状的全基因组关联分析,挖掘产量及其配合力的关联位点,为陕A群和陕B群选育玉米自交系的改良及育种中的应用提供依据。【方法】基于NCⅡ遗传设计,以陕A群和陕B群选育的85份优良玉米自交系为亲本,构建包含246份F₁的杂交种群体,在3个环境下进行产量测试,并评估产量的一般配合力和特殊配合力;利用6H90K芯片进行亲本基因型检测,获得63 879个高质量SNP标记,并进行群体遗传特征分析,在杂交种群体推测出高质量SNP标记55 951个,采用加性模型和非加性模型对杂交种产量、一般配合力和特殊配合力开展了全基因组关联分析,并基于B73参考基因组对显著关联SNPs内的基因进行挖掘和功能注释。【结果】3个环境下的产量表现符合正态分布且变异广泛,产量广义遗传力为59.04%,环境效应显著;杂交种产量、一般配合力和特殊配合力三者之间均达到极显著相关性,杂交种产量与特殊配合力的相关性（r=0.95）大于与一般配合力的相关性（r=0.62）;陕A群与陕B群遗传特征具有一定差异,陕A群具有较高的一般配合力。全基因组关联分析分别检测到7、5和9个SNP与杂交种产量、一般配合力和特殊配合力显著相关（-log₁₀(P)>3.86）,其中4个SNP为杂交种产量和特殊配合力共定位,最终锚定了17个关联SNP。对不同性状关联位点的优势等位基因型分析发现,4个GCA关联SNP受加性效应控制,F₁产量BLUE关联位点可分为4种表现形式,以显性效应为主,其杂合基因型为最优等位基因型或次优等位基因型。通过功能注释发现,候选基因在玉米生长发育和籽粒建成中特异表达,例如GRMZM2G165828、GRMZM2G057557均与玉米籽粒发育相关。【结论】一般配合力和特殊配合力共同影响杂交种的产量,特殊配合力效应影响更大;一般配合力和特殊配合力具有不同的遗传基础,可通过有利等位基因聚集提高一般配合力。在F₁杂交种群体采用全基因组关联分析策略可开展配合力相关遗传解析,挖掘产量及其配合力相关遗传位点,可加速关联位点在分子育种中的应用。     

北京地区节水型屋顶绿化植物配置及养护

节水型屋顶绿化是北京地区增加城市绿化面积,改善城市生态环境的重要手段。本文通过查阅文献、实地调查和总结分析,从植物生长的条件和配置原则出发,归纳了北京地区屋顶绿化常用的植物材料,提出适合北京地区节水型屋顶绿化的植物选择原则,并根据这些原则,提出了推荐北京地区节水型屋顶绿化使用的乔木植物油松(Pinustabulaeformis)等15种、灌木植物大叶黄杨(Buxusmegistophylla)等27种、地被植物景天类(Sedum spectabilis)等13种,推荐了喷灌、滴灌和渗灌等3种可用于屋顶绿化的节水灌溉技术,并简要介绍了屋顶绿化的修剪要求,为北京地区节水型屋顶绿化的推广提供了理论依据和技术支持。     

榆林市滩水地玉米标准化种植技术

从高产耐密品种选择、种植密度增加、节水灌溉技术推广、氮肥分次施肥、全程机械化作业等关键技术和技术流程方面总结了陕西省榆林市北部风沙滩水地玉米标准化种植技术,以期为榆林市玉米标准化生产提供理论指导。     

林业常用16种杀虫剂对赤眼蜂的急性毒性和安全性评价

采用管测药膜法测定了16种杀虫剂对松毛虫赤眼蜂的急性毒性,并进行安全性评价。急性毒性测定的结果表明:苏云金杆菌、球孢白僵菌、灭幼脲、杀铃脲、甲氧虫酰肼、苦皮藤素对松毛虫赤眼蜂毒性较低,其LR50均高于9.16×10-3mg·cm-2,为低风险性药剂。甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐、啶虫脒、噻虫啉、辛硫磷、高效氯氟氰菊酯、吡虫啉、氟虫腈和阿维菌素对松毛虫赤眼蜂毒性较高,其LR50分别是2.28×10-4、9.81×10-5、5.23×10-5、2.43×10-5、1.39×10-5、4.33×10-6、2.10×10-6和1.92×10-6mg·cm-2,安全性评价均为高风险性和极高风险性。敌敌畏对松毛虫赤眼蜂的毒性最高,其LR50是1.11×10-6mg·cm-2;其次为虫螨腈,LR50是1.31×10-6mg·cm-2,对松毛虫赤眼蜂伤害均较严重。     

热应激诱导大鼠小肠昼夜节律基因差异表达的研究Heat stress induced different circadian rhythms genes expression in rat small intestine

采用石蜡切片H.E染色观察热应激大鼠小肠形态学变化，利用Realtime-PCR技术对小肠中昼夜节律相关基因的表达进行研究。结果：大鼠小肠上皮出现严重损伤，肠黏膜绒毛顶端上皮细胞脱落，固有层裸露；热应激导致Per2和DBP基因瞬时表达极大升高，节律性受到严重影响，Bmal1基因瞬时表达差异不明显，其mRNA表达量峰值后移。To observe the morphological changes in response to heat stress, rat small intestine was embedded in paraffin, sectioned in transverse and stained with hematoxylin and eosin. The expressions of genes related to circadian rhythms were detected by Realtime-PCR. Results: heat stress resulted in profound damage to the epithelium of rat small intestine, the villus tips shed into lumen and the lamina propria was exposed; the gene expressions of Per2 and DBP were significantly increased so after the heat stress and the rhythms was affected; heat stress could not induce Bmal1 different expression immediatley, whereas, the peak of mRNA was hysteretic.