玉米抗粗缩病遗传及分子标记研究

Maize rough dwarf disease caused by Rice black-streaked dwarf virus (RBSDV) is transmitted by planthopper in China. Identification and development of resistant hybrids are complicated because of the inconsistencies in viral disease pressure every year. Marker-assisted selection can provide means for main-taining virus resistance alleles even in the absence of disease. In this paper a F₂ segregation population was constructed to identity the molecular markers linked to the resistance gene using a cross between a resistant and a susceptible parents (Qi319×Ye107). Fifteen-day-old seedlings of F₂ population were exposed to small brown planthoppers carrying RBSDV for 3 days in specific inoculation chamber. The inoculated plants were transplanted to screenhouse after removing the insects completely. In plant maturity stage the disease resistance of all the individuals were visually assessed. The results showed that 17, 8, 11, 51 and 122 plants were scaled from 0-4 respectively, in which 0 means no symptoms and 4 represents highly susceptible. Chi-square test demonstrated that the segregation ratio of phenotype was 1∶15 (resistant: susceptible) or 1∶6∶9 (resistant∶moderate∶susceptible) in the F₂ population, indicating RBSDV resistance of maize was controlled by two recessive genes. The F₂ individuals DNA were extracted and 261 SSR (simple sequence repeat) primers derived from maize genome ten chromosomes were selected from maize GDB database to construct genetic linkage map. The linkage map consisted of 71 polymorphic SSR markers, spanning a genetic distance of 996.6 cM with an average interval of 14.0 cM between adjacent markers. The resistant and susceptible gene pools were set up for BSA (bulked segregant analysis) and 6 polymorphism markers were obtained with BSA-SSR method between the two pools. The F₂individuals were further analyzed with 6 polymorphism markers. Chi-square test showed that phi 051, umc1407 and umc1432, mapped on chromosome 7 and 10, exhibited segregation distortion significantly and very significantly in susceptible individuals. These three SSR markers were identified as potential markers linked to the resistant loci.     

关于大兴安岭地区绿色产业发展的思考

分析了大兴安岭绿色特色产业发展现状,指出了存在的问题,并提出发展绿色产业的6点构想。     

红花黄色素超声辅助提取工艺优化及其稳定性

[目的]探究超声辅助热水提取红花黄色素的最佳工艺,为实现红花黄色素的绿色高效提取提供参考.[方法]以在我国广泛生长的菊科植物红花为试验材料,以去离子水为提取溶剂,以超声处理为辅助提取手段,以红花黄色素的提取率为试验指标,探究不同提取液pH、超声功率、超声时间、水浴温度、水浴时间对红花黄色素提取率的影响.基于单因素试验结...     

高温对茶树叶片光合及抗逆特性的影响和恢复*3

以4个茶树品种福鼎大白茶、鸠坑、龙井43和乌牛早7a生植株为研究对象,采用人工气候箱模拟高温（35℃和40℃）处理6、12、18、24、48h,取出后置于人工气候箱中（25℃）恢复3、6、9d,以未经高温处理置于人工气候箱中（温度25℃）的各品种茶树为对照（CK）,测定茶树叶片的最大净光合速率、荧光参数、抗氧化酶活性以及细胞伤害率。结果表明：高温胁迫显著抑制了茶树的最大净光合速率（Pnmax）和最大光化学效率（Fv/Fm）,处理时间越长、温度越高,Pnmax和Fv/Fm下降越快,除35℃处理的福鼎大白茶外,其它3种茶树经过高温处理后,在恢复期间其Fv/Fm无法恢复至正常水平;茶树叶片的SOD酶活性在高温处理的前12h迅速上升,随着处理时间的延长,其活性降低;叶片MDA含量的平均值在高温处理第48小时达到最大,恢复期间缓慢下降;随着处理温度的升高和处理时间的延长,各茶树叶片的细胞伤害率均呈增加趋势。4种茶树耐热性的强弱由高到低依次为福鼎大白茶＞乌牛早＞鸠坑＞龙井43。     

玉米新品种鲁单718的选育及其栽培技术要点

鲁单718是以齐3925为母本、黄572为父本（或其反交）杂交选育而成。该品种具有高产、优质、多抗、适应性广等特点,适宜四川平丘区和黄淮海地区春夏播种植。     

四川规模化猪场仔猪黄、白痢的分子流行病学研究

在系统鉴定、药敏试验和血甭型鉴定的基础上,对52株致病性大肠杆菌和4株标准血清型大肠杆菌进行了质粒DNA分析,结果表明,菌株的质粒得率为100%,来源相同的菌株具有相同或相似的质粒图谱,来源不同的菌株具有不同的质粒图谱,质粒DNA分析为四川规模化猪场致病性E.coli的分子流行病学调查提供了科学依据。质粒图谱与血清型及耐药谱之间无明显关系。     

使用球虫消杀剂预防鸡球虫病的效果试验

本试验旨在得到球虫消杀剂在临床使用时的合适浓度.选择球虫发病较严重的鸡舍进行试验,分别用1∶ 25、1∶ 50和1∶ 100的球虫消杀剂消毒,密闭作用24 h,以不用球虫消杀剂处理的鸡舍作为对照,每种处理设两个重复.结果表明:1∶ 25和1∶ 50处理组料肉比与对照组相比差异显著(P＜0.05),1∶ 100处理组与对照组相比差异不显著(P≥0.05);球虫消杀剂各浓度处理组死亡率均小于对照组;1∶ 25和1∶ 50处理组在出栏时垫料中检出少量卵囊,但远低于对照组.各浓度球虫消杀剂处理组病变记分均小于平均值,而对照组处于平均值和高于平均值.结果提示,1∶ 50球虫消杀剂对球虫卵囊有着良好的杀灭作用.     

金荞麦查尔酮合成酶基因CHS的克隆及序列分析

采用同源克隆的方法获得金荞麦查尔酮合成酶基因(CHS)的保守片段554bp,进一步采用染色体步移法(genome-walking)和RT-PCR技术克隆到CHS基因的全长DNA序列和cDNA开放阅读框(ORF)序列。序列分析结果表明,金荞麦CHS基因DNA全长1650bp,含一个462bp的内含子;其cDNA编码区全长1188bp,编码395个氨基酸,命名为FdCHS,NCBI登录号为GU169470。该氨基酸序列与同为蓼科的掌叶大黄、虎杖CHS的氨基酸序列同源率分别达到94%和93%,且含有CHS活性位点和底物结合口袋位点等保守位点。     

基于模糊控制的阀门定位器控制系统研究

为了提高阀门定位器的调节精度,文章结合阀门定位器的结构特点和工作环境,提出基于智能控制策略的阀门定位器控制系统方案。通过Matlab的Simulink模块,对应用不同控制算法的PID控制器的定位器系统进行仿真,得出各自的单位阶跃响应曲线,对比后可知,模糊PID算法能很好地改善阀门定位器控制系统性能。     

乡村振兴视角下山区农业现代化路径研究

山区农业现代化是我国农业现代化的薄弱环节,如何推动山区农业现代化一直是山区农业发展亟待解决的关键问题。党的十九大提出乡村振兴战略为山区农业现代化提供了重要的发展机遇。文章从政府主导、企业参与、农民主体三个方面探讨了在乡村振兴视角下这三种不同力量如何发挥自身优势,寻求山区农业现代化的实现路径。