北京密云石匣小流域水土保持措施对土壤侵蚀的影响研究

水土保持措施的实施可有效地控制土壤侵蚀 ,不同的水土保持措施存在不同的水土保持效益值。利用北京密云石匣共 2 0个坡面径流试验小区的野外观测资料 ,分析得出了北京石匣小流域不同水土保持措施下的水土保持效益值 ,其中免耕 (玉米 )为 0 .2 80 ,梯田 (玉米 )为 0 .142 ,人工草地为 0 .0 6 3,荒草地为 0 .0 45 ,水平条林地为0 .0 2 5 ,鱼鳞坑林地为 0 .0 19。人工草地、荒草地、水平条林地和鱼鳞坑林地有显著的水土保持效益 ,但它们之间的水土保持效益并无显著差别。坡耕地 (16 .8°)的年均侵蚀模数为 145 3.8t/ km2 ,远大于土壤自然形成速度和北方石质山区的允许土壤流失量。其研究结果可为土壤侵蚀模型预报、水土保持规划、环境治理和评估提供依据     

Effect of cooling rate on high temperature mechanical properties of weathering steel

High temperature mechanical properties are key factors which affect fracture production during deforming process of continuous casting. High temperature properties of weathering steel Q450NQR1 are tested in 3 cooling rates (1.65, 5, 10 ℃/s) using Gleeble thermo-mechanical simulator. Specimens appear austenite dynamic recrystallization at 1 050 ℃, and the ductility reaches the lowest point and the reduction of area approaches 23% at 850 ℃ in 3 cooling rates. As the cooling rate increases, the low ductility area where cracks are easy to be produced in slabs is enlarged and extended towards low temperature, and the ductility troughs are deepened. The increase of the cooling rate decreases the tensile stress and yield stress, while when the cooling rate increases to some degree, it doesn’t affect the stress. The low cooling rate decreases the film or network ferrite producing in austenite grain boundary, and the carbonitride of microalloy is enwrapped in matrix, which is helpful to improve the ductility of steel.     

The application of rough sets-neural network theory to mine ventilation system evaluation

To solve the instability problem of established sample in the neural network evaluation method for mine ventilation system, a comprehensive evaluation of the ventilation system is carried out based on rough sets and BP neural networks. Taking the ventilation system of a mine as an example, the classification quality of raw data samples are tested by using rough set data analysis system. Then, based on artificial neural network theory, a rough sets-neural network evaluation model of a mine ventilation system is established and a new rough sets-neural network evaluation method of mine ventilation system is formed. The results show that, after the model validation of data and application, its theoretical evaluation results are in line with the actual situation, and the network total error is less than 0.004. It shows that the comprehensive evaluation method based on rough sets-neural networks has a good effect in evaluating mine ventilation system in practical application.     

纳豆芽孢杆菌SFU—18液体深层发酵培养基的优化

采用BPY培养基，在最佳培养条件：温度为37℃、初始pH为7．0、溶氧量为40mL/250mL,230r/min接种量为4％下，测定了纳豆芽孢杆菌菌株SFU－18的生长曲线，从而确定了纳豆芽杆菌的最佳接种种龄以及收获时间。然后，在种子培养液其他成分保持不变的情况下，分别改变氮源、碳源、无机盐、生长因子进行单因素实验（以原种子液为对照），采用L（9）3^4正交表设计实验进行培养基的优化，确定了纳豆芽孢杆菌液体深层发酵的最佳培养基配比为：玉米淀粉1％、豆粕粉5％、玉米浆1．5％、NaClO.2%。     

番茄愈伤组织和植株耐盐性的比较研究

对2份野生种和4份栽培种的研究证明,子叶,下胚轴和叶片外植体诱导的愈伤组织对NaCl的反应是一致的,将4份野生种和2份栽培种带有2叶一心的小苗扦插于附加不同浓度NaCl的MS培养基中,发现在150mmolNaCl处理10d时,1号,2号,3号和4号材料的相对生根率分别为65．8％,87．5％,86．8％和100％,4份野生种在附加有75 mmol/NaCl的 培养基上的生长优于对照,随着NaCl浓度的不断提高,株高和叶片数都表现下降,3号材料下降幅度最小,当NaCl浓度提高到300mmol时,4份野生种的鲜重可达对照的0．90倍,1．07倍,1．60倍和1．53倍,而]2份栽培种则为对照的0．55倍和0．33倍。     

考虑桩土共同工作的桩基承台梁内力分析

针对梁下土体和基桩刚度对承台梁内力的影响进行研究，采用分层荷载传递法进行基桩刚度计算，建立起考虑桩土共同工作的承台梁内力计算理论，就理论与实际的差异，提出用水平割线法对基底反力进行调整，并以纽玛克数值计算法为计算基础开发出相应的计算软件。     

白芷细菌性叶斑病病原细菌的鉴定

2000-2001年在江苏、浙江、安徽等地发现一种白芷病害,从其病叶上分离得到了10个菌株.接种白芷成苗上,发病症状与自然发病症状完全一致,并从接种病株上重新分离得到此病原菌.各菌株致病力无明显的差异.经革兰氏染色反应、菌体形态、培养性状、生理生化反应、G+Cmol%等鉴定,该病原菌为丁香假单胞杆菌在白芷上的新的致病变种.该病菌引起白芷细菌性叶斑病(又称斑点病).     

新株型水稻生育特性及产量形成特点的研究

以 8个新株型水稻品系为材料 ,研究新株型稻生育特性及产量形成特点。与汕优 63相比 ,新株型稻每穗粒数多 ,单位面积总颖花量高 ,但因结实率低而产量较低。新株型稻的分蘖少 ,前中期生长量较小 ,结实期叶片光合速率和根系活力较高 ,干物质积累量高 ,光合同化物向籽粒运转率低。依据强、弱势粒的灌浆速率 ,新株型稻籽粒灌浆可分成快速同步灌浆型、异步灌浆型和缓慢同步灌浆型 3种类型。灌浆类型与结实率有密切的关系。研究表明 :新株型稻结实率低主要是受精籽粒充实不良所造成 ,而物质运转率低是籽粒充实不良的重要原因。