盐胁迫对裸果木幼苗光合特性的影响

本研究以一年生裸果木幼苗为材料，采用盆栽育苗方式，设计7个不同浓度NaCl溶液（CK、0.2%、0.4%、0.6%、0.8%、1.0% 和1.2%）模拟盐分胁迫，测定分析了其叶片气体交换参数、光响应曲线及叶绿素荧光参数的变化规律。结果表明：随着盐浓度的增加，叶片净光合速率（P_n）、气孔导度（G_s）和蒸腾速率（T_r）均呈下降趋势，NaCl浓度≥0.4%时，各处理P_n、G_s和T_r均显著低于CK；气孔限制值（L_s）和瞬时水分利用效率（WUE）随盐浓度增加呈先升后降趋势，胞间CO₂浓度（C_i）呈相反趋势，NaCl浓度为0.4%时，L_s达到最大值，而C_i达到最小值，说明P_n下降以气孔限制因素为主，而当NaCl浓度≥0.6%时，以非气孔限制为主要因素。随着盐胁迫程度的增大，最大净光合速率（P_nmax）、暗呼吸速率（R_d）、光饱和点（L_SP）、表观量子效率（A_QY）逐渐降低，光补偿点（L_CP）逐渐增加，表明盐分抑制了幼苗对光的吸收、利用和转换能力。叶片PSII潜在活性（F_v/F₀）、原初光能转化效率（F_v/F_m）、实际光化学效率（Φ_PSII）、电子传递速率（ETR）和光化学猝灭系数（q_p）随着盐浓度的增加呈下降趋势；非光化学猝灭系数（NPQ）在≤0.4%NaCl处理下较CK显著增加，盐浓度≥0.8%时，NPQ显著下降。基质的NaCl浓度在0.2%和0.4%时，裸果木叶片P_n、F_v/F₀、F_v/F_m下降不显著，WUE有所提高，PSII系统可以通过耗散过剩的光能保护光合机构，表现出一定的耐盐性；但盐浓度超过0.6%时，光合生态幅变窄，光合机构受到明显破坏，显著抑制了光合作用能力。     

外语学科教学管理及师生交流平台的设计与实现

外语学科教学管理及师生交流平台实现了学生基本信息及注册管理、外语教学资源管理、学生成绩管理等功能;系统采用先进的三层架构及B/S技术开发,从系统功能、数据库设计及程序设计实现三个方面阐述了系统的实现思想。     

日本农业保险运行机制与服务作用的思考和借鉴

2004年以来,中国农业保险发展迅速,目前已覆盖全国各地。但仍然存在农业保险制度尚不完善、缺乏稳定持续的政策支持、当事人的权利义务关系缺乏规范、农村基层机构参与农业保险存在法律障碍及政府部门职责分工不明等问题。以日本为例,介绍日本农业保险制度,指出其存在强制性与任意性加入相结合、政府负担部分保险费及共济、保险、再保险重层保险体系等特征,从共济加入方式、损失评估规定和共济金支付方式3个方面分析了农业保险运行机制,发现其具有减轻农民损失、稳定农业经营,提高凝聚力、促进协同发展,提高防灾、抗灾能力等社会化服务功能,为中国目前面临的农业保险业建设提出了相应的建议。     

Complexity of indica-japonica varietal differentiation in Bangladesh rice landraces revealed by microsatellite markers

To understand the genetic diversity and indica-japonica differentiation in Bangladesh rice varieties, a total of 151 accessions of rice varieties mostly Bangladesh traditional varieties including Aus, Boro, broadcast Aman, transplant Aman and Rayada varietal groups were genotyped using 47 rice nuclear SSRs. As a result, three distinct groups were detected by cluster analysis, corresponding to indica, Aus and japonica rice. Among deepwater rice varieties analyzed some having particular morphological features that mainly corresponded to the japonica varietal group. Some small seeded and aromatic varieties from Bangladesh also corresponded to the japonica varietal group. This research for the first time establishes that the japonica varietal group is a prominent component of traditional varieties in Bangladesh, particularly in deepwater areas.     

基于MATLAB实现模糊神经网络模型在企业水环境中的应用

指出了水质评价是进行水环境容量计算和实施水污染控制规划的重要基础。应用模糊神经网络原理，以某企业污水处理站的检验数据为依据，选择3个评价参数，使用MATLAB函数工具箱编程，建立了T—S模型，经过仿真得出评价结果，研究表明：该方法能正确评价水质的样本，具有较好地客观性和预测性。     

内向型投资阻滞了越南畜牧养殖业发展

<正>越南人已经战胜了几个世纪以来来自于美国、法国强加给他们的外来干涉。最近几年来,该国的社会主义政府实行"Doi Moi"政策,即开放和创新的政策,为其赢得了赞赏。现在,繁华的大都市胡志明市已经成为曼谷和新加坡的竞争对手。早在2000年,比尔·克林顿总统访问胡志明市的     

Response of Pacific White Shrimp,Litopenaeus vannamei,to Three Sources of Solvent Extracted Soybean Meal

Three sources of soybean meal (SBM) were biochemically characterized and evaluated in diets for juvenile Litopenaeus vannamei. Three biological techniques were utilized to evaluate the nutritional quality of the meals including an outdoor growth trial as well as determination of in vivo apparent digestibility and in vitro digestibility including pepsin digestibility (0.0002%), pH Stat degree of hydrolysis, and immobilized digestive enzyme assay (IDEA). The growth trial was conducted over a 10‐wk period using soybean meal as the primary protein source with each meal being included at 54–58% of the diet based on an equal protein inclusion. At the conclusion of the growth trial there were no significant differences between the test diets indicating equivalent biological availability under practical conditions. The in vivo digestibility trial utilized chromic oxide as the inert marker and 70:30 replacement techniques resulted in typical results. Apparent protein digestibility (APD) and apparent energy digestibility (AED) of the diets ranged from 66.8 to 80.2% and 65.4 to 74.7%, respectively. Ingredient digestibility values for protein and energy ranged from 78.8 to 93.5% and 60.5 to 85.0%, respectively. One of the three SBM evaluated had numerically lower protein digestibility and significantly lower energy digestibility than the other two meals .     

棉花在不同整枝方式下生长发育规律的研究

在两年田间试验的基础上探讨了棉花整枝打顶和简化栽培措施下生长发育的区别。供试的两个棉花品种为中晚熟品种冀668和中早熟品种中棉30。结果表明,整枝打顶处理下的棉株的株高、主茎茎节、叶面积指数和蕾数都低于对照。然而脱落果节数的减少使得整枝打顶处理的有效铃数却增加了。整枝打顶处理总干物质量减少,但是生殖器官干物质量的比例却增加了。产量组成分析表明,整枝打顶处理的总铃数增加,单铃质量和衣分处理之间没有显著差别。两个品种在不同处理间的表现趋势一致,但是中熟品种比中早熟品种的趋势更明显。     

泗水桃树生长期间的气象灾害分析与防御措施

泗水桃树生长发育历时萌芽期、开花期、果实膨大期、果实成熟期四个重要的物候期,经历春、夏、秋三个季节,期间也恰是各种气象灾害的频发期。根据泗水县1970～2010年气象资料,分析了不同气象要素对桃树各个生长期的影响,以及不同气象灾害对桃树危害。有针对性地提出了预防气象灾害的措施。