布鲁氏菌病研究进展

布鲁氏菌病的早期诊断及鉴定是该病防控的重要环节,其诊断技术主要包括细菌学诊断技术、血清学诊断技术以及分子生物学诊断技术。布鲁氏菌病防控应坚持预防为主的策略,其免疫主要以弱毒活疫苗为主,随着分子生物学及重组DNA技术的发展,基因工程疫苗成为近年研究热点,但目前尚未有鉴别疫苗免疫和自然感染的鉴别诊断技术及相应的疫苗制品。本文对布鲁氏菌病的病原学、流行病学、诊断技术和疫苗研究进展等方面进行概述,以期为建立灵敏性高、特异性强、高效便捷且易推广的布鲁氏菌病诊断技术和研发更加安全有效的布鲁氏菌病疫苗提供基础。     

Phylogenetic analysis of S1 gene of infectious bronchitis virus isolates from China

Between 2006 and 2009, seven strains of infectious bronchitis (IB) virus (IBV) were isolated from vaccinated chicken flocks on different chicken farms in China. The pathogenic characters of seven IBV strains were assessed. Each of the seven strains was infective to the test chickens and could induce an immune response. The results from chicken embryo cross-neutralization assays showed that these strains were antigenically distinct from classic IBV strains of H120, M41, Conn, and Gray. Compared to H120 vaccine strain, point mutation, short insertion, and deletion occurred at many positions in the S1 protein of the seven strains. Five of the seven strains had the motif (HRRRR), which was identical to that of the epidemic IBV strains in China. Two new motifs (HRLRR and RRIRR) emerged in the isolated strains. The homology of the nucleotide and amino acid sequences of the S1 gene among the seven isolates was 81.7%-99.7% and 79.0%-99.4%, respectively. These seven strains were also genetically different from the vaccine strains and non-China IBV strains but closely related to large numbers of Chinese strains. The seven isolates and 36 reference IBV strains were clustered into six distinct groups (I-VI). The seven strains were categorized into groups I, II, and III, forming a big phylogenetic branch, which is closely related to Chinese IBVs, whereas the vaccine strains belonging to group VI are genetically distant from groups I, II, and III. The results from this study indicate that different IBV strains cocirculate in the chicken population in China.     

昆明翠湖越冬红嘴鸥数量变化及投食量调查分析

昆明翠湖公园是红嘴鸥进城越冬数量最集中的地方,其数量分布在昆明水域内具有一定的代表性,翠湖公园是红嘴鸥的主要投食点,每年冬季,有大量市民和游客前来观鸥、喂鸥、护鸥。每年11月至次年3月翠湖公园的红嘴鸥数量存在规律性的变化,游客每天投放多少饲料量,要结合红嘴鸥的日食量和数量,受节假日的影响,游客数量变动大,投食量依赖于游客数量,经常出现喂鸥过量或不足的情况,翠湖水体补给有限,过量投食会带来富营养化污染,投食不足则不利于红嘴鸥的保护。通过对2009年11月至2010年3月期间昆明翠湖越冬红嘴鸥的数量进行分期统计,得出2010年翠湖越冬红嘴鸥前、中、后期的数量变化,参照红嘴鸥的能量代谢标准,分析计算昆明翠湖红嘴鸥饲料的合理投放量,为科学喂鸥提供依据,便于红嘴鸥和翠湖水体的保护。     

科技兴业筑就蛋鸡产业辉煌

一、强强联合,打造蛋鸡强势平台 华牧公司从成立到今天,已经走过二十多年的发展历程。1998年,公司引进尖端技术,消化创新,打造自己的品牌,10月,石家庄华牧牧业有限责任公司与美国海兰公司,两家企业走到了一起。     

规模化屠宰场官方兽医及协检员的设置与职责

@@进入新世纪以来,伴随SARS、禽流感和猪链球菌病等疫情在全球范围内的传播,对世界各国人民的身体健康构成极大威胁。因此,国家逐步加大对动物疫病的防控,相继颁布了《中华人民共和国动物防疫法》《动物检疫管理办法》等法律法规,使我国动物防疫和检疫工作走上了有法可依、有章可循的规范化、法制化轨道。屠宰检疫是动物检疫工作的重要组成部分,是保证人民群众食肉安全的重要手段。猪肉及猪产品是广大群众餐桌上不可或缺的食品,国家为保证生猪产品质量安全,保障人民身体健康对生猪屠宰实行定点屠宰、集中检疫,从而使重大疫病的发生和流行得到有效控制。     

Bactrian camel (Camelus bactrianus) integrins αvβ3 and αvβ6 as FMDV receptors: Molecular cloning, sequence analysis and comparison with other species

Integrins are heterodimeric adhesion receptors that participate in a variety of cell–cell and cell–extracellular matrix protein interactions. Many integrins recognize RGD sequences displayed on extracellular matrix proteins and the exposed loops of viral capsid proteins. Four members of the αv integrin family of cellular receptors, αvβ3, αvβ6, αvβ1 and αvβ8, have been identified as receptors for foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) in vitro, and integrins are believed to be the receptors used to target epithelial cells in the infected animals. To analyse the roles of the αv integrins from a susceptible species as viral receptors, we have cloned Bactrian camel αv, β3 and β6 integrin cDNAs and compared them to those of other species. The coding sequences for Bactrian camel integrin αv, β3 and β6 were found to be 3165, 2289 and 2367 nucleotides in length, encoding 1054, 762 and 788 amino acids, respectively. The Bactrian camel αv, β3 and β6 subunits share many structural features with homologues of other species, including the ligand binding domain and cysteine-rich region. Phylogenetic trees and similarity analyses showed the close relationships of integrin genes from Bactrian camels, pigs and cattle, which are each susceptible to FMDV infection, that were distinct from the orders Rodentia, Primates, Perissodactyla, Carnivora, Galliformes and Xenopus. We postulate that host tropism of FMDV may in part be related to the divergence in integrin subunits among different species.     

浅议饲料生产企业的技术营销策略

近年来,我国的饲料产量已突破亿t大关,位居世界第二位,总产值超过2600亿元,饲料厂家增加到14500多家,饲料工业呈现出了高速发展态势。伴随着饲料产销量的不断提高,也带来了激烈的市场竞争,一些企业蒸蒸日上,欣欣向荣,而另一些企业却销量下滑,利润下降,处于被动困难的局面。目前     

宁夏某猪场猪流行性腹泻紧急流行病学调查

2017年5月10日,宁夏回族自治区动物疾病预防控制中心接到青铜峡市某规模化猪场发生大规模腹泻的报告。经流行病学调查和实验室检测,确定猪流行性腹泻病毒是导致该猪群发生大规模腹泻的主要原因,生物安全管理水平不高、运输车辆或人员进场管理不严是疫病传入的主要风险因素;场内管理不严是疫情扩散的原因。按照调查建立的病因假设,采取了针对性防控措施,包括对猪场的入场清洗消毒设施等进行升级改造,加强饲养管理等。半年内该场未再发生大规模猪腹泻疫情。     

动物性基质中多西环素的高效液相色谱残留检测研究进展

多西环素是四环素类药物的一种,抑菌效果好,在动物生产上应用广泛。高效液相色谱法是目前多西环素残留检测中应用较多的方法,本文对动物性基质中多西环素的高效液相色谱检测方法进行综述。     

胰岛素样生长因子Ⅰ的研究进展

胰岛素样生长因子Ⅰ（IGF-Ⅰ）是胰岛素类激素家族中的成员之一,是一种在分子结构上与胰岛素类似的多肽蛋白物质.IGF-I在人体及动物体内具有极其重要并且丰富的生物学功能,如促生长、促分化、参与糖代谢、蛋白质代谢和脂肪代谢等,并对消化系统、泌乳及生殖有一定的影响.文章就IGF-I的来源,分子结构及生物学功能作一简单概述.