防治秋枫灰同缘小叶蝉的药剂筛选

指出了灰同缘小叶蝉是秋枫的重要害虫,利用8种农药室内药效试验显示:30%氯胺磷乳油3000倍液和20%叶蝉散乳油3000倍液对灰同缘小叶蝉成虫和若虫的杀虫效果均达100%,3%啶虫脒乳油、40%乐果乳油、4.5%高效氯氰菊酯乳油和10%吡虫啉可湿性粉剂1000倍液对老熟若虫的杀虫率分别为95.4%、90.8%、81.6%和74.6%;而1.8%阿维菌素乳油和0.5%甲维盐微乳剂3000倍液的杀虫效果较差。     

玉米细菌性枯萎病和玉米内州萎焉病的酶联免疫—实时荧光PCR检测

针对玉米细菌性枯萎病和玉米内州萎焉病这两种检疫性病菌进行酶联免疫—实时荧光PCR检测研究,对该方法进行了特异性、灵敏度以及实际样品模拟试验。结果表明,该方法具有较好的特异性,检测低限在100~200 cfu·mL-1,同时可用于实际样品的检测鉴定。     

不同土壤类型对毛竹林生长的影响研究

研究了福建省常见的7种土壤类型（红壤、黄红壤、黄壤、紫色土、红土、黄泥土、水稻土）对毛竹林出笋数、新竹成竹率和新竹胸径的影响。结果显示,毛竹林出笋数及新竹胸径在不同土壤类型间均存在极显著差异,新竹成竹率在不同土壤类型处理间的差异不显著。研究结果认为,在毛竹造林时应优先选择退耕的农地,即耕作土壤黄泥土和红土。     

基于SPH算法的平面刀土壤切削过程模拟

以我国华北一年两熟区保护性耕作地土壤为原型,利用ANSYS/LS_DYNA对平面刀切削土壤过程进行数值模拟,并通过理论分析和试验,验证SPH算法在模拟平面刀切削土壤过程方面的可行性。结合MAT147土壤材料模型,SPH算法及点-面侵蚀接触,运用ANSYS/LS_DYNA软件对平面刀切削土壤过程进行有限元分析。仿真结果表明,SPH算法能够直观模拟平面刀切削土壤整个过程,最大等效应力为5.851 MPa,主要集中在与平面刀接触的土壤上;平面刀切削全过程表明,土壤所受等效应力波动较小,切削过程比较平稳;稳定切削时切削功耗在10.2 kW附近波动,通过理论和试验验证,仿真切削误差不大于0.05。由此说明SPH算法进行平面刀切削过程的数值模拟是可行的。     

Alternative vegetable lipid sources in diets for grouper, Epinephelus coioides (Hamilton): effects on growth, and muscle and liver fatty acid composition

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of different oils on growth performance and lipid metabolism of the grouper, Epinephelus coioides. Five experimental fish meal‐based isonitrogenous and isolipidic diets were formulated containing either 5.5%‐added fish oil (FO), soybean oil (SBO), corn oil (CO), sunflower oil (SFO) or peanut oil (PO). Each diet was fed to triplicate groups of 20 fish (initial body weight 13.2±0.02 g) grown in seawater at 28.0–30.5 °C for 8 weeks. Fish were fed twice a day to visual satiety. No significant differences in the survival, weight gain, specific growth rate, feed conversion ratio, protein efficiency ratio or hepatosomatic index were found between fish fed the FO or vegetable oils (VO) diets. Dietary lipid sources did not affect whole‐body composition among grouper fed the various diets. Muscle of fish fed the FO diet had significantly higher levels of 14:0, 16:0, 16:1n‐7, 20:5n‐3[eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA)] and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)+EPA (except for PO fed fish) compared with those of fish fed VO diets. However, the levels of 18:1n‐9, 18:2n‐6 and DHA/EPA ratios in the muscle of fish fed FO diet were significantly lower than those of fish fed the VO diets. The liver of fish fed the FO diet had significantly higher levels of 18:0, 20:5n‐3, 22:6n‐3, n‐3 highly unsaturated fatty acids and DHA+EPA than those of fish fed the VO diets, whereas increases in 18:1n‐9, 18:2n‐6 and mono‐unsaturated fatty acid levels were observed in the liver of fish fed the VO diets.     

Study on the distribution and expression of a DNA vaccine against lymphocystis disease virus in Japanese flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus)

The distribution and expression of lymphocystis disease virus (LCDV) vaccine, on the basis of DNA vaccine (pEGFP-N2-LCDV0.6 kb) construction, were analyzed in tissues of the Japanese flounder by PCR, RT-PCR and fluorescent microscopy. Results from PCR studies indicated that the vaccine-containing plasmids were distributed in injected muscle, muscle located opposite the injection site, hind intestine, gill, spleen, head kidney, liver and gonad 7 days after vaccination. However, these vaccine-containing plasmids disappeared by 90 days following vaccination. Fluorescent microscopy observations revealed that green fluorescence appeared in muscle, muscle located at the opposite side of the injection site, hind intestine, gill, spleen, head kidney and liver of fish 36 h after vaccination, and that green fluorescence did not appear in control tissue. The green fluorescence became weaker at 60 days post-vaccination, however, it remained detectable in the spleen 90 days post-vaccination. Results from RT-PCR studies indicated that the Mcp gene is expressed in all tissues of vaccinated fish 7-20 days after vaccination. These results demonstrate that the DNA vaccine is distributed and expressed in different tissues of vaccinated fish, and therefore, may have provided an antigen producing specific immune response.     

鳗鱼中磺胺类药物残留的Charm II放射免疫法检测

本文探讨应用Charm II放射免疫分析方法检测鳗鱼中磺胺类药物残留。确定鳗鱼检测的制样和控制点设定的方法,评价了免疫反应体系的灵敏度和特异性,验证了磺胺类最大残留限量50μg/kg的检测稳定性,90分钟可出检测结果。     

H9亚型禽流感病毒钦州株HA基因的克隆与遗传进化

采集钦州活禽交易市场的鸡气管和泄殖腔的棉拭予样品,用H9亚型分型引物进行PCR初步筛选,阳性样品经SPF鸡胚尿囊腔接种分离病毒,通过RT-PCR方法扩增HA基因,并将其克隆到pMD—18T载体后进行序列测定和分析。结果表明,获得1株H9亚型禽流感病毒命名为：A／Chicken／Guangxi／qz40／2009（简称qz40）。测序结果表明qz40的HA基因片段全长1683bp,编码560个氨基酸;序列同源性比较结果表明,该毒株与参考毒株的核苷酸序列同源性为82．8％．99．9％,推导氨基酸同源性为87．5％．99．6％;HA基因的裂解位点氨基酸顺序为RSSRIGLF,为低致病性毒株;含有7个潜在的N-糖基化位点,其中5个位于HAl部分、2个位于HA2部分;基于H9亚型HA基因的进化树分析表明,qz40株属于欧亚种系的A／Chicken／Beijing／1／94（Ck／Bei—like）群系。     

浅议我国对流浪动物的管理

我国宠物数量的快速增长,带来庞大了的流浪动物群。流浪动物群体的不断增长不仅影响着城市面貌,也给社会公共卫生安全埋下了隐患,引起了广泛的社会关注。通过研究我国流浪动物现状及不同国家和地区对流浪动物的立法及管理措施,针对我国流浪动物存在的隐患和管理问题,探讨我国流浪动物的管理措施和对策,以提高我国流浪动物管理水平,维护公共卫生安全。     

色氨酸对哺乳动物母-胎界面的免疫调节作用及其机制

近年来,一些研究发现氨基酸对提高母猪繁殖能力具有重要的作用.少量的体内和体外试验研究表明,色氨酸及其代谢物能够提高母猪繁殖能力,降低流产率.本文综述了色氨酸及其犬尿氨酸代谢对哺乳动物(主要是猪和鼠)母-胎界面免疫调节(或免疫耐受)的影响,以及色氨酸及其代谢物(如犬尿氨酸和3-羟基犬尿氨酸)对哺乳动物母-胎界面蜕膜自然杀伤(dNK)细胞、调节性T细胞(Treg)和17型辅助性T细胞(Th17)的调控作用以及可能的作用机制.