富含游离态异黄酮豆豉的制曲工艺优化

为了制备富含游离态异黄酮的豆豉,以前期筛选出的一株高产β-葡萄糖苷酶的菌株为菌种进行制曲。在研究接种量、发酵温度、发酵时间三种单因素对豆曲中蛋白酶和β-葡萄糖苷酶的活力影响基础上,采用三元二次正交旋转组合实验设计对制曲工艺进行优化,确定了最佳的制曲工艺条件为接种量(105.4个孢子·g-1大豆)、制曲温度26.5℃、制曲时间4 d,在此条件下,β-葡萄糖苷酶酶活力为245.24 U·g-1,蛋白酶酶活力为623.17 U·g-1。     

A method to estimate the water vapour enhancement factor in soil

Enhanced water vapour diffusion under temperature gradients has been proposed as a mechanism to explain the discrepancies between measured and predicted water fluxes in soils. Because of the difficulties in measuring soil vapour diffusion directly, modelling approaches have been used to estimate the vapour enhancement factor (η) by matching theory to measurements. In the method proposed by Hiraiwa & Kasubuchi (2000) , soil thermal conductivity associated with conduction heat transfer (λ_c) is assumed to be equal to the apparent soil thermal conductivity (λ) measured at a low temperature, and η is significantly under‐estimated. In the present study, an improved approach for estimating η is used, in which λ_c is taken as the apparent soil thermal conductivity associated with infinite atmospheric pressure. The λ at infinite atmospheric pressure is estimated by extrapolating λ measurements made at finite air pressures. By subtracting λ_c from measured λ values at a given atmospheric pressure, the contribution of thermal vapour diffusion to heat transfer (λ_v) is obtained and then used to estimate η. In the case of a lysimeter sand, λ_v accounts for 4–25, 8–29 and 13–35% of λ at 3.5, 22.5 and 32.5°C, respectively, at soil water contents greater than 0.02 m³ m⁻³. Thus, the latent heat transfer through vapour diffusion is important even at temperatures as low as 3.5°C. The agreement between predictions from the new method and selected literature values suggests that the improved approach is able to provide accurate estimate of η. The results from this study show that the magnitude of latent heat transfer resulting from thermal vapour diffusion is strongly soil texture‐dependent. Thus, it is important to estimate η on specific soils rather than assuming η from literature values.     

农用智能移动作业平台模型的研制

智能移动作业平台是实施“精细农业”的基础。自动导航控制技术是智能移动作业平台的重要技术之一。为了开展农田智能移动作业平台及其导航控制技术研究,将计算机技术、传感器技术、GPS技术和数据通讯技术等集成与融合,研制了一种以蓄电池为电源,电动机为动力的农用智能移动作业平台模型。在平台模型的基础上,开发了基于GPS和电子罗盘的导航控制系统。详细论述了导航控制系统的工作原理、控制方法。试验结果表明,该平台模型能按预定的路线行走,直线行走偏差在1 m以内,弯道行走偏差在2 m以内。通过对导航误差进行分析,提出了进一步改进的方法。该研究为“精细农业”作业平台研究进行了有益的尝试。     

云南省弥度亚麻引种试验初报

在云南省弥度县进行了双亚5号、双亚6号、双亚7号、双亚8号、高斯（Argos）、Argos和Ilona七个亚麻品种引种试验。结果表明双亚8号、高斯两个品种表现最好，其主要优点是高产、优质、抗逆性强，适宜弥度地区作为主栽品种大面积推广。双亚5号品种原茎产量最高，抗病性、纤维强度和生育期性状最佳，但出麻率和纤维产量低于双亚8号和高斯，只能作为搭配品种种植，不宜大面积推广。其它四个品种表现一般。     

内2优6号生育特性及高产栽培技术模式研究

内2优6号全生育期146d,适于单季稻种植,分蘖力中等,株型较大,每穗约200粒,粒重高,千粒重30.5g,抗倒性较强。但叶片较长较宽。高产栽培的关键,培育壮苗,扩行稀植,控制中后期氮肥用量,增施钾肥,浅湿干灌溉,促进根系生长,提高根系活力和结实率。     

Hepatoprotective effects of 2',4'-dihydroxy-6'-methoxy-3',5'-dimethylchalcone on CCl4-induced acute liver injury in mice

In this paper, the hepatoprotective effects of 2',4'-dihydroxy-6'-methoxy-3',5'-dimethylchalcone (DMC) on CCl(4)-induced acute liver injury in Kunming mice were investigated. DMC was administered intraperitoneally (ip) (5, 10, or 20 mg/kg of body weight) for 7 days prior to the administration of CCl(4) (0.1%, ip). Pretreatment with DMC significantly decreased activities of serum hepatic enzymes, namely alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, lactate dehydrogenase, alkaline phosphatase, γ-glutamyl transferase, and total bilirubin, and decreased the elevation of lipid peroxidation, malondialdehyde, reactive oxygen species, and protein carbonyl content. Pretreatment with DMC markedly increased activities of enzymatic antioxidants such as superoxide dismutase, catalase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione S-transferase, and glutathione reductase and increased levels of nonenzymatic antioxidant markers such as reduced glutathione, total sulfhydryl groups, vitamin C, and vitamin E in liver. These results combined with liver histopathology demonstrate that DMC has potential hepatoprotective effects, which may be related to the attenuation of oxidative stress, accelerating the antioxidant cascade and inhibition of lipid peroxidation.     

碳酸盐和干旱胁迫对欧李生理特性的影响

分别对黄山店欧李进行25 d的高浓度NaHC03溶液处理、干旱处理以及碳酸盐与干旱共同处理,测定胁迫期间该物种各理化指标的变化,研究欧李对不同环境胁迫的抗逆机制.结果表明:欧李的叶绿素a、丙二醛和脯氨酸含量在不同的逆境处理间差异显著;碳酸盐处理的电解质外渗率、POD活性、脯氨酸含量等生理指标变化平缓,与对照差异不明显;干旱处理和盐与干旱协同处理的各项指标波动很大.相关分析表明:不论是碳酸盐胁迫还是干旱胁迫,欧李的电解质外渗率、MDA含量和POD活性存在一定程度的正相关,碳酸盐处理下POD活性与电解质外渗率和MDA含量间达到显著的正相关.     

湖北省2001年审定通过的水稻新品种

１．鄂早１３系湖北大学育成的早稻品种。１９９８～１９９９年参加湖北省早稻品种区试 ,两年试验平均单产４５５．５９ｋｇ／６６７ｍ２,比对照鄂早１１增产１６．３０ %。全生育期１１２天。２．鄂早１４系黄冈市农科所育成的早稻品种。１９９８～１９９９年参加湖北省早稻品种区试 ,两年试验平均单产３９３．８７ｋｇ／６６７ｍ２,比对照鄂早１１增产６．１０%。全生育期１０８天。３．鄂早１５系湖北省荆州农科院育成的早稻品种。１９９９～２０００年参加湖北省早稻品种区试 ,两年试验平均单产４２８．６３ｋｇ／６６７ｍ２ ,比对照鄂…     

四川攀西胡颓子属植物资源调查研究

2005～2011年在攀枝花市16个县市对胡颓子属植物资源进行了野外实地调查、采集标本、室内解剖观察、种类鉴定,并结合查阅标本室内的植物标本和相关资料进行了研究。结果表明:攀西地区有胡颓子属植物10种、1个亚种和1个变种,主要生长在海拔750～3 100m的范围内,广泛分布于攀枝花和凉山州各县、市。在野外调查的基础上,研究了攀西地区胡颓子属植物资源的种类、形态、生境、分布和综合利用价值,并为开发利用及保护提出了建议。     

大麦剑叶形态生理性状的遗传分析

1986-1989年间,用8个大麦品种建立完全双列杂交,对剑叶长、宽、面积、开张角、叶基角和披垂度等形态生理性状进行遗传分析。对F#-1代的双列分析表明,除披垂度外,其余5个性状均符合加性一显性模型。其中,加性效应起着主要作用;叶基角以低值为部分显性,其余性状均以增值为部分显性;剑叶长的狭义遗传力较高,在80%左右,其余性状在50%-60%之间。各性状在F#-2群体中均表现出连续分布,测定值基本分布在双亲值的范围内,超亲优势不明显。剑叶长和宽均匀与面积呈极显著正相关,其中长与面积的关系更为密切;开张角、叶基角和披垂度之间呈极显著正相关,三者与叶长和叶宽分别呈极显著正相关和负相关。