猪伪狂犬病毒和猪细小病毒双重PCR方法的建立及初步应用

目的本研究旨在建立一种适用于临床样品和动物源性生物制品中猪伪狂犬病毒和猪细小病毒同时检测的双重PCR技术。方法针对猪伪狂犬病毒(PRV)的gE基因和猪细小病毒(PPV)的VP2基因的保守区域分别设计引物。结果经条件优化后,所建立的双重PCR方法能特异性地检测出样品中的PRV(581bp)和PPV(202bp)。结论本方法具有良好的特异性、敏感性和稳定性,适用于临床样品中对PRV和PPV的同时检测,也可用于猪源性生物制品的检测。     

歙县枇杷产业化的发展与对策

主要介绍了枇杷的生物学特性和营养价值、药用价值,在分析了歙县枇杷生产现状的基础上,指出了歙县枇杷产业化发展存在的问题,并提出了发展枇杷产业需要通过采取适度规模化生产、合理品种组成、加强产后服务、实现产品深加工和综合利用等对策。     

产蛋鸡忌用的饲料添加剂

由于饲料添加剂中的多种成份进入鸡体后，可移行至鸡蛋的蛋清和蛋黄中，所以各种饲料添加剂都会对鸡产生较大影响。     

猪用饲料调味剂的应用实践——访上海美农饲料有限公司技术总监刘庚寿先生

随着现代饲料工业的发展和猪营养学研究成果在生产实际中的推广应用,一方面养猪业逐渐向瘦肉型猪发展,而许多瘦肉型猪种对饲料的适口性相当挑剔,这很可能是瘦肉型猪往往采食量较低的重要原因;另一方面为了提高猪的生长速度和饲料品质,饲料中常常会使用各种饲料添加剂,而这些饲料添加剂中绝大部分均会对饲料的适口性有影响;第三方面由于常规饲料资源的日益匮乏,一些非常规的饲料资源不得不在饲料中使用,而这些非常规的饲料原料中往往含有较多影响饲料适口性的因子;第四方面为了提高经济效益,养猪生产者力求降低饲养成本,因而对饲料的品质提出了更高的要求,要求饲料不仅要全价而且必须具有良好的味道等等,因此如何最大限度的改善饲料的适口性提高猪的采食量越来越受到关注和重视。而调味剂作为一种可以赋予饲料良好味道,能改善饲料适口性和提高动物采食量的非营养性添加剂亦被广大饲料工作者所接受。为此,本刊记者采访了上海美农饲料有限公司的技术总监刘庚寿先生,请他详细介绍了猪用饲料调味剂的作用机理、功能、影响调味剂使用效果的因素及发展前景。     

关于完善野生动物防疫检疫管理体系的思考

野生动物的防疫检疫管理对公共卫生安全至关重要。本文将梳理与野生动物防疫检疫管理相关的法律法规,并结合在实际防疫检疫执法过程中面临野生动物溯源困难、缺少检疫标识、滥食野生动物等问题,提出科学客观定义野生动物,完善野生动物防疫法及检疫规程,明确各执法部门职责,搭建圈养野生动物信息管理平台,支持野生动物疫源疫病研究和专用疫苗开发等建议,以期为完善野生动物的防疫检疫管理体系提供参考。     

Effect of dietary Moringa stem meal level on growth performance,slaughter performance and serum biochemical parameters in geese

Moringa stem meal (MSM) with a high level of crude fibre (CF) might be developed and utilized in herbivorous geese as an unconventional feedstuff. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of the MSM level in the diet on the growth performance, slaughter performance, breast meat quality and serum biochemical parameters in geese from 22 to 70 days of age. A one-factor completely randomized design was adopted in our study. A total of one thousand eight 21-day-old geese were randomly divided into six groups, with six replicates per group and 28 birds per replicate. The geese were fed diets containing MSM levels of 0, 20, 40, 60, 80 or 100 g/kg during day 22–70. The dietary MSM level had no effect (p > .05) on the final body weight (BW), average daily gain (ADG) or average daily feed intake (ADFI). The feed/gain ratio (F/G) increased linearly (p < .001) as the dietary MSM level increased. No differences (p > .05) were observed in the slaughter performance, meat quality and the relative organ weight (except for thymus) of the geese (p > .05). The relative weight of the thymus in the geese fed diets with supplementation of MSM was higher than that in the non-supplemented MSM control group (p < .05). In addition, 100 g MSM/kg of diet decreased the serum glucose (GLU) level (p < .05) and increased the alanine transaminase (ALT) enzyme activity (p = .03). Dietary MSM levels of no more than 60 g/kg had no effects on the growth performance and slaughter performance, whereas diets with 100 g MSM/kg increased the F/G and serum ALT enzyme activity, as well as decreasing the serum GLU level. Therefore, MSM provided at a reasonable level could be developed as an unconventional feedstuff for geese at the finisher period.     

Dietary taurine impacts the growth,amino acid profile and resistance against heat stress of tiger puffer (Takifugu rubripes)

A 56‐day feeding trail was conducted to evaluate the effects of taurine (Tau) supplementation on growth performance, amino acid profile and heat stress resistance capacity in juvenile Takifugu rubripes (initial body weight: 32.28 ± 0.20 g). Tiger puffer were distributed into five groups and each received one of the following diets: each diet was supplemented with 0 (T1), 5 (T2), 10 (T3), 20 (T4) or 50 (T5) g Tau/kg, respectively. Growth performances were significantly ameliorated with fed diet T3 (p < .05). The Tau content of muscle increased significantly as dietary Tau increased (p < .05). Compared to the control group, fish fed diets T4 and T5 showed significantly higher concentration of triglyceride and urea, respectively (p < .05), while taurine transporter (TauT) gene and IGF‐1 gene expression increased significantly in fish fed diets T3 and T4, respectively (p < .05). After acute heat stress, HSP70 gene expression levels were significantly greater in the livers and spleens of T. rubripes (p < .05) fed diet supplemented with Tau. Levels of complement C4 were highest in fish fed 10 g/kg Tau (p < .05). These data suggested that dietary supplemented with taurine indicated positive effects on growth performances, amino acid profile and resistance against heat stress for T. rubripes.     

Mapping quantitative trait loci for cottonseed oil,protein and gossypol content in a <Emphasis Type="Italic">Gossypium hirsutum</Emphasis> × <Emphasis Type="Italic">Gossypium barbadense</Emphasis> backcross inbred line population

Cotton is one of the most important oil-producing crops and the cottonseed meal provides important protein nutrients as animal feed. However, information on the genetic basis of cottonseed oil and protein contents is lacking. A backcross inbred line (BIL) population from a cross between Gossypium hirsutum as the recurrent parent and G. barbadense was used to identify quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for cottonseed oil, protein, and gossypol contents. The BIL population of 146 lines together with the two parental lines was tested in the same location for three years in China. Based on a genetic map of 392 SSR markers and a total genetic distance of 2,895.2 cM, 17 QTLs on 12 chromosomes for oil content, 22 QTLs on 12 chromosomes for protein content and three QTLs on two chromosomes for gossypol content were detected. Seed oil content was significantly and negatively correlated with seed protein content, which can be explained by eight QTLs for both oil and protein contents co-localized in the same regions but with opposite additive effects. This research represents the first report using a permanent advanced backcross inbred population of an interspecific hybrid population to identify QTLs for seed quality traits in cotton in three environments.