Study on the Changes of Reproductive Hormone and Regulation of Follicle Development During the Reproductive Cycle of Yili Goose in Xinjiang

This experiment was aimed to study the changes of reproductive hormone and regulation of follicle development during the reproductive cycle of Yili goose in Xinjiang. 2 years old Yili goose were chosen which were in good health and similar weight. 32 samples were randomly selected to take blood samples for hormone detection during the laying, broodiness and ceased periods, and 15 samples were randomly selected to gather ovarian tissue for the observation of the development of ovary and follicular. The results showed that during the laying period, the GnRH of the Yili goose was extremely significantly higher than the broodiness and ceased periods of 16.78% and 58.29% (P<0.01);PRL was significantly lower than the broodiness period of 13.00% (P<0.05), and was extremely significantly higher than the ceased period of 28.94% (P<0.01); FSH was higher than the broodiness period of 6.98% (P>0.05),and was extremely significantly higher than the ceased period of 21.12% (P<0.01); LH was extremely significantly lower than the broodiness period of 8.38% (P<0.01),and was extremely significantly higher than the ceased period of 16.84% (P<0.01); E₂ were extremely significantly higher than that the broodiness and ceased periods of 29.80% and 112.40% (P<0.01); P₄ levels were extremely significantly higher than the broodiness and ceased periods of 28.89% and 30.34% (P<0.01). The ovary volume and weight of Yili goose were extremely significantly higher than that of broodiness and ceased periods (P<0.01). In the laying period, the mature follicles of Yili goose were significantly larger than that of the broodiness and resting periods, the number of secondary follicles was more and the number of primary follicles was lesser. Ovarian growth and mature follicle atresia, granule layer shrinkage, inward depression, cytoplasmic cavity, follicular atrophy at all levels in the broodiness period. The follicle cytoplasmic cavity of the ovary was larger in the ceased period than broodiness period, and inward concave further deeper, a large number of primordial follicles evenly arranged. Thus, during the laying period, the responses of GnRH, E₂ and LH of Yili goose were active and played a leading role on the development of ovarian and follicular. PRL and LH maintained a high level of secretion, cooperated to maintain the broodiness behavior during the broodiness period.     

基于增苗减氮技术构建晚籼稻高产氮高效群体

[目的]增施氮肥是实现水稻高产最为重要的措施之一,但过量施用氮肥会降低氮肥吸收利用率并造成氮素面源污染.合理的每穴苗数通过调节稻田基本苗数构建高产群体起点,但通过增加每穴苗数降低施氮量能否同步实现水稻高产及氮素高效利用目前还不清楚.旨在探索每穴苗数及氮肥用量对构建晚籼稻高产氮高效群体的协同调控效果.[方法]于2017—2018年,选用五优308及天优华占为晚籼稻材料,设CK(每穴2苗和N 180 kg/hm2)、T1(每穴3苗和N 144 kg/hm2)及T2(每穴4苗和N 126 kg/hm2)等3个处理,测定了水稻干物质生产、叶面积指数、产量及氮素吸收利用.[结果]随着增苗减氮调控程度增加,两品种产量均先增后降.与CK处理相比,五优308及天优华占品种T1处理产量分别增加0.36％～0.38％及8.73％～10.01％,其中天优华占T1处理与CK处理产量间差异达显著水平;天优华占T2处理产量增加0.95％～1.72％,而五优308品种T2处理产量却显著降低7.46％～7.96％.增苗减氮促进晚籼稻有效穗数增加,每穗粒数降低,结实率先增后降,千粒质量无显著变化.两品种抽穗期及成熟期的叶面积指数及幼穗分化期至成熟期的光合势均先增后降,五优308作物生长速率、总干物质量降低,而天优华占作物生长速率、总干物质量却均先增后降.总吸氮量降低,氮素偏生产力增加、氮素吸收利用率、生理利用率及农学利用率均先增后降.[结论]T1处理可同步协调"增苗"与"减氮"二者关系,可有效构建晚籼稻高产氮高效群体,但具体调控效果因品种而异.     

土壤铅污染对蚯蚓体腔细胞溶酶体的毒性效应

以蚯蚓溶酶体膜的稳定性作为亚细胞水平的生物标志物,研究土壤铅污染的毒性效应。将赤子爱胜蚓（Eiseniafetida）暴露于不同浓度乙酸铅染毒的人工土壤,染毒浓度为60、120、480、2400mg·kg^-1,测定蚯蚓体腔细胞溶酶体的中性红保留时间（NRRT）。结果表明,染毒6d后,480mg·kg^-1及2400mg·kg^-1剂量组,NRRT显著下降,抑制率分别为63.06%、68.61%;60mg·kg^-1及120mg·kg^-1剂量组,溶酶体膜稳定性变化不大。染毒14d后,各染毒组NRRT显著低于对照组,抑制率分别为49.43%、56.29%、68.57%、77.14%。将赤子爱胜蚓暴露于沈阳市青年公园、劳动公园、友谊宾馆、冶炼厂原址的现场土壤样品中,随着蚯蚓与土壤接触时间的增加,中性红保留时间逐渐降低,14d后各采样点蚯蚓的中性红保留时间关系为冶炼厂原址〈青年公园〈劳动公园〈友谊宾馆,与土壤铅含量的大小变化相吻合,其中冶炼厂原址差异最为显著,NRRT抑制率为92.55%,表明土壤重金属铅污染对土壤生态系统存在潜在的毒害。     

北美白云杉引种育苗试验初报

本文对引进的10个种源北美白云杉、3个种源的内陆红皮云杉3个年龄段苗木生长状况进行了分析，结果表明：各种源的苗木高生长差异显著，自云杉种源间、红皮云杉种源间及各种源之间3a生苗木地径生长差异达极显著水平；白云杉3a生苗高和地径生长表现最佳的种源是3^#、9^#和7^#，红皮云杉种源为CK2的地径及苗高生长量最大，其次是CK3和CK1，而且白云杉3^#种源苗高生长略超过红皮云杉CK3。     

灰茶尺蠖触角感器的扫描电镜观察

使用扫描电子显微镜对灰茶尺蠖Ectropis grisescens成虫触角感器的种类、形态和分布进行了观察。结果表明:灰茶尺蠖触角上主要存在3种感器,分别为毛形感器(sensilla trichodea, ST)、刺形感器(sensilla chaetica, SC)和栓锥形感器(sensilla styloconica, SS)。感器的种类和分布在雌雄成虫触角上没有差异。     

基于LAN的农业科学研究院的科研仪器共享共用信息平台设计与实现

为提高科研院所大型仪器的利用率、降低科研成本,以浙江省农业科学院大型仪器信息化管理为研发对象,研发了大型仪器管理系统,重点论述了该系统的设计思想、系统结构及主要功能。     

一套适合稠油油田措施效果评价系统的开发

研究了一套适合稠油油田措施效果的经济评价和技术评价指标体系,并在此基础上开发了一套科学的计算机评价系统。系统充分考虑了现有经济评价和技术评价的方法与习惯,直接连网使用油田数据库中的静态数据、措施数据和日动态数据,保证系统使用的时效性、可信性、易操作性。该系统的开发与应用,既有利于采油厂各项增产措施的规范化管理,又能提高各项增产措施的可预测性,为增产措施的优化提供了决策依据。     

基于综合气象干旱指数的干旱状况分析——以锡林河流域为例

降水量与气温是引起干旱的主要气象因子,利用1981—2016年的降水量与气温的逐月数据,绘制最值曲线并对其相关性进行了分析,利用数据计算得到综合气象干旱指数（CI）且用其对锡林河流域干旱状况进行了分析。结果表明:研究区内在1981—2016年中,逐月平均气温最值曲线的变化趋势比较微弱,最高温度与最低温度分别为24.94,-23.53℃。最大降水量的变化趋势呈现出减小的状态,而最小降水量基本无变化,降水量的最大值与最小值分别为178.1,0 mm。36年中,CI指数只有在春季、夏季和秋季3个季节中不为0,在月尺度上只发生轻旱事件共121次,其中春季发生的干旱事件最为频繁;秋季次之;夏季发生干旱事件的频次最少。干旱发生频次呈现出微弱的降低趋势。     

氮钾互作对德州小火茄生长发育及产量的影响

采用二次饱和D 最优设计,研究氮肥和钾肥对德州小火茄生长发育和产量的影响,建立德州小火茄产量与氮肥和钾肥间的二元二次数学模型。结果表明,合理的氮钾配比有利于德州小火茄植株的生长与发育。同时通过对模型进行解析得出,氮肥和钾肥对德州小火茄的产量具有显著影响,且钾肥影响大于氮肥,两者之间存在显著的交互作用。因此,氮肥施肥量为18.22 kg/667m,钾肥施肥量为33.75 kg/667m时,德州小火茄有望获得最高产量（3 753.56 kg/667m）。     

基于分子生态学网络分析松嫩退化草地土壤微生物群落对施氮的响应

【目的】氮素输入影响着全球草地生态系统的可持续性,关注施氮对土壤微生物群落的影响及其分子生态网络,为草地退化修复提供理论依据。【方法】以松嫩退化羊草草地为研究对象,通过施氮和未施氮处理,利用高通量测序和随机矩阵网络构建理论构建土壤微生物群落分子生态网络。探讨氮素管理对退化羊草草地土壤微生物群落结构及网络的影响,氮添加条件下微生物网络结构中的关键微生物变化规律,以及该过程中微生物之间的互作关系,解析外源氮素添加条件下土壤细菌动态变化的关键结点和规律。【结果】在门分类水平上施氮处理草地有细菌门22个,未施氮处理23个。7个菌门是施氮和未施氮处理草地的优势菌门,其中变形菌门(Proteobacteria)是含有OTU数量最多的门类,约占总序列的30.46%,酸杆菌门(Acidobacteria)是含有OTU数量次之的门类,约占总序列的30.15%,芽单胞菌门(Gemmatimonadetes)是含有OTU数量第3的门类,约占总序列的8.14%,放线菌(Actinomycete)约占总序列的6.15%,绿弯菌门(Chloroflexi)、拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)和硝化螺旋菌门(N...