基于氧传感技术测定杉木种子活力的初步研究

为探讨氧传感技术在杉木种子活力测定中的作用,以不同批次不同活力梯度的杉木种子为材料,分别进行氧传感测定和发芽试验.结果表明:杉木种子不能用发芽率但可用氧传感测定指标来评估其活力状况,萌发第10天试管中氧气浓度是评估杉木种子活力的最佳指标.在此基础上,建立一元二次回归方程对其田间出苗率进行预测,为杉木精量播种育苗提供参考.     

Test on engineering properties of unsaturated undisturbed loess Q2

A series of triaxial shear tests with controlled constant confining pressure are conducted to study the failure modes, effects of deformation, strength and yield properties of unsaturated undisturbed loess Q2, with improved SJ-1A triaxial shear equipment. The test results show that the failure mode of unsaturated undisturbed loess Q2 is shear failure with the rupture angle between 55 and 61 degree; Shear dilatancy is shown under low confining pressure, and shear shrinkage is shown under high confining pressure; The stress-strain curves of undisturbed loess Q2 will change from perfectly plastic to weak strain softening as the confining pressure increases; A effective method is suggested to identify the field stress of undisturbed loess Q2 under triaxial shear condition with the curves of - q/p ; when the confining pressure increases, the deviatoric yield stress qy has a logarithmic relationship with net mean yield stress py .     

The effects of nitrogen sludge load and DO on high concentration nitrous nitrifying system

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the impact of nitrogen sludge load and dissolved oxygen(DO) on nitrite nitrification system. The following conclusions have been drawn based on the experimental data and analysis results: 1) The ammonium degradation rate and the nitrous accumulation rate of high concentration nitrous nitrifying system decline with the increase of NH+4-N sludge load. When HRT is less than two days, the ammonium degradation rate rapidly declines to 25%~29% with the increase of NH+4-N sludge load. When HRT is beyond two days, the ammonium rate of the system slowly falls to 50%~60% with the NH+4-N sludge load increased. When HRT is 2.5 days or 3 days, the declined trend of the system nitrous accumulation rate is not obvious with the NH+4-N sludge load increased. When HRT is 5 days, the decrease of nitrous accumulation rate is caused by the adaptation of sludge. So the NH+4-N sludge load of high concentration nitrous accumulation system should not be too high; 2)With the increase of DO, the ammonium degradation of high concentration nitrous nitrifying system is gradually increased. When the DO is less than 0.7 mg/L, it is not conductive to the ammonium degradation. When the DO is higher than 2 mg/L, the oxide of NH+4-N is changed into the increased of NO3-N and the nitrous accumulation rate declined. If the concentration of DO is controlled within 0.7to 1.3 mg/L, the high concentration nitrous nitrifying system can have a good NH+4-N degradation rate and nitrous accumulation rate.     

Applying hybrid dynamic substructure synthetic method to dynamic analysis for tower crane

This paper presents a dynamic hybrid substructure synthetic method for tower crane dynamic analysis. This method employs the transfer matrix method and the flexibility degree method respectively to formulate the vibration mathematical models of the tower body and tower top system substructures in the hoisting luffing plane. Based on the motion of the substructures in the interface and the dynamic harmonize condition, the frequency equations are established. Then the program is designed according to the mathematical models and firstly applied to the dynamic analysis of the QTZ63 tower crane in the construction site and the parameter identification of attached device and tower body. The test results show that the value calculated by the above method is quite approximate to the instrument measured value, which can meet the engineering requirements. Further study has found that , for the flexible long-distance attached tower crane, the method that introduces dynamic load coefficient for statics analysis of tower cranes is unprecise enough since there exist errors.This paper suggests to conduct site test and identification of the rigidity coefficient of attached device of the tower crane for the accident prevention of tower crane collapse by timely take measures.     

野蔷薇种子休眠和萌发整齐度研究

野蔷薇的种子低温砂藏30 d才开始发芽,然后再需50d时间才能结束发芽,发芽率为75％左右.酸处理、酸蚀裂口处理可缩短种子低温砂藏时间和发芽时间;通过清水分级可剔除劣质种子,提高种子质量的一致性,从而提高发芽率和发芽整齐度.将野蔷薇种子用盐水分级,剔除劣质种子,然后将分级种子用浓盐酸处理20 min,制成酸蚀种子,再经裂口处理,制成分级酸蚀裂口种子,则处理种子低温层积13 d开始发芽,发芽时间缩短为16d,发芽率提高到90％以上.     

1960—2020年松嫩平原干湿时空演变及其与涛动指数的关系

松嫩平原是中国重要的商品粮基地和湿地分布区,干湿演变关乎区域粮食安全和生态安全。基于松嫩平原及其周边36个气象站逐日的气温、降水、风速等气象资料,采用Penman-Monteith公式计算了各站点月地表湿润指数,标准化后进一步计算了极端干湿事件频次;然后运用趋势分析法、克里金插值法探究了极端干湿事件频次的时空演变特征,并采用交叉小波分析了干湿事件演变与涛动指数的关系。结果表明：（1）1960—2020年松嫩平原年极端干旱事件频发,过去60年均值为7.86次,而年极端湿润事件较为少发;年极端干旱事件频次呈明显的下降趋势,年极端湿润事件频次呈上升趋势,其气候倾向率分别为-0.10次/10 a和0.02次/10 a。（2）空间上,松嫩平原大部分地区极端干旱事件频发且呈不明显的减弱趋势,极端湿润事件少发且变化趋势呈明显的东增西减的变化趋势特征。（3）松嫩平原干湿演变与涛动指数密切相关,年极端干旱事件频次与北极涛动指数、大西洋北美涛动指数和北大西洋涛动指数呈正相关,年极端湿润事件频次与三者主要呈负相关;极端干湿事件与南方涛动指数在年际尺度上和年代尺度上位相关系有明显的差异。（4）极端干湿事件频次演变与区域社会经济部门用水量密切相关,影响区域的水安全。本研究可以为气候变化松嫩平原农业-湿地系统水资源规划和管理提供支撑。     

5种面粉加工油条的特性研究

选用5种商业面粉,分析其基本理化性质、流变特性的基础上,采用感官评价与性质检测相结合的方法,研究面粉特性对加工油条品质的影响。结果表明,面粉的湿面筋含量、稳定时间等指标与油条的品质紧密相关,油条的感官评价与油条的膨胀率间呈显著相关性。     

贵州野生百合属植物保护与开发利用研究

对贵州野生百合属植物资源进行调查和收集,进行引种栽培试验。总结出贵州野生百合的栽培与繁殖技术,探讨百合保护利用现状和存在问题。转变资源优势为经济优势,为百合资源的引种保存提供技术支撑。     

直接利用PCR产物构建RNA干扰表达载体

利用RNA干扰原理可以对作物进行遗传改良.构建RNA 干扰的发夹结构一般采用在引物两端加酶切位点方法,该方法涉及酶切位点多,步骤繁琐.本试验介绍一种直接利用PCR产物进行RNAi组成型表达载体构建的方法,该载体以潮霉素为筛选标记基因,适合水稻的遗传转化.