节能日光温室中番茄灰霉病发生规律的研究

通过 3年对节能日光温室环境温湿度监测、病菌孢子捕捉和番茄灰霉病发生规律研究明确 ,一般年份 ,灰霉病在番茄叶片上表现为明显的始发期、盛发期和末发期等 3个阶段 ;果实发病后 ,即进入盛发期。温室中病菌的发生与病害呈正相关 ,病菌的高峰期较病害的高峰期提前10～15d。持续的低温、高湿、苗期带病等是引起番茄灰霉病发生的重要因子。提出要从优化设施环境等方面来控制番茄灰霉病的危害。     

根结线虫的研究现状

概述了根结线虫的发生分布和传统分类鉴定,以及分子生物学技术(同工酶电泳技术、DNA重组技术、PCR技术)在根结线虫种和生理小种鉴定中的运用及其防治,并对生物防治及抗根结线虫育种、转基因工程在植物线虫学研究领域上的应用前景作了展望。     

注射用盐酸土霉素的细菌内毒素检查

参照<中国兽药典>二○○○年版一部附录细菌内毒素检查法,研究了注射用盐酸土霉素对细菌内毒素检测的干扰情况,确定0.312 5 mg/mL浓度的供试品溶液对检测无干扰作用,建立了注射用盐酸土霉素的细菌内毒素限量检查方法.     

中国苜蓿繁育概述

回顾了建国以来国内苜蓿的育种发展状况,进行了苜蓿的种质评价与筛选,地方品种的系统化,育成了抗寒新品种草原1号、草原2号,抗病品种中兰一号,耐盐品种中苜一号,耐牧根蘖品种公农3号、中图3号、中图4号,高产的公农1号等。提出了在我国苜蓿育种方法上,杂交育种与基本育种方法在当代育种中将继续存在,生物技术在育种中的应用将加快育种进程;指出了我国苜蓿育种存在的问题是育种体系不健全,育种手段方法落后,抗性育种缓慢,对引入品种缺少理论与实践的鉴定、评价,国内育成品种少,高层知识力量薄弱等。     

基于GIS的中国小麦条锈病菌越夏区气候区划

 基于多年的气象数据(1980~2001年),首次从制约小麦条锈病菌越夏的温度因子入手,结合寄主小麦因素,利用地理信息系统(Geographical Information System,GIS),对我国小麦条锈病菌越夏区进行较详细的气候区划。本研究从温度条件上明确了全国适合小麦条锈病菌越夏的范围。研究表明,在我国小麦种植区适合小麦条锈病菌越夏的范围很广。其中甘肃、四川、云南、陕西境内适合越夏的地区是连成一片的,甘肃东部除了西边的几个县外其它地方7、8月份最高一旬均温在20~23℃,条锈病菌越夏困难;西藏、青海境内的小麦种植区几乎都适合小麦条锈病菌越夏;贵州境内适合越夏的地区可能和云南越夏区是一个整体。云南适合越夏的地区甚广,且地形复杂,需要进一步调查研究。     

(土娄)土区不同蔬菜对钾肥的肥效反应

在陕西省关中土娄土区布置线辣椒、甘蓝、白菜、芹菜钾肥大田试验,研究不同蔬菜对钾肥的肥效反应。结果表明,增施钾肥可使蔬菜硝态氮含量降低11.8%～116.0%,维生素C含量增加0.4～147.4mg/kg;产量增加9.3%～33.8%;明显促进营养生长和生殖生长;400cm深土壤剖面硝态氮累积量减少22.7～48.0kg/hm2,尤其在80～220cm剖面减少最为明显。     

西安白鹿塬约85OO年来土壤侵蚀研究

本文根据作者的观察和测量，对西安市白鹿塬塬区的土壤侵蚀状况进行了研究。研究表明，白鹿塬塬区确定土壤侵蚀的主要依据是土层厚度的变化，并非侵蚀面。塬区侵蚀是塬边侵蚀较强，向塬里侵蚀逐渐减弱。塬面上高地侵蚀弱，低地侵蚀强，暂时性线状流水长期汇集而成的冲沟对黄土塬区土壤的侵蚀更加强烈。气候对土壤侵蚀也有影响，冷干和温湿气候均会产生土壤侵蚀，冷干期侵蚀量比温湿期大，前者侵蚀厚度比后者大7倍多。     

Model establishment and biological behaviour observation of mouse blastocyst co-cultured with hepatocarcinoma cell lines with differently invasive and metastatic potential in vitro

AIM: To explore interaction and biological behaviour changes of two kinds of cells-blastocysts and hepatocarcinoma cells in the same microenvironment. METHODS:The models of mouse blastocysts co-cultured with human hepatocarcinoma cell lines were established, then biological behaviours and mutual effects of the two kinds of cells in co-culture system were observed. RESULTS: Compared with control group, hepatocarcinoma cells with differently invasive and metastatic potential significantly enhanced the rates of blastocyst hatchment , attachment and outgrowth(P＜0.05). There was no significant difference in those among hepatocarcinoma cells co-cultured groups (P＞0.05). The blastocyst hatched and attached to hepatocarcinoma cells with differently invasive and metastatic potential. Then, differential trophoblasts invaded hepatocarcinoma cells. The clear-cut interfaces were gradually formed between both sides. Hepatocarcinoma cells on interface showed changes of growth direction and cell shapes and did not invade blastocysts. CONCLUSIONS: Hepatocarcinoma cells promoted blastocyst development. Blastocysts implanted and invaded hepatocarcinoma cells with differently invasive and metastatic potential in vitro, which indicate that blastocyst implantation in vitro does not relate with the kinds and differential level of interactional cells and the low selectivity maybe relate with high adaptability of early life.     

Relation between TNF-α,TNFR I expression and apoptosis in oral lichen planus

AIM: To examine the expression and distribution of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), tumor necrosis factor receptor I (TNFR I) and apoptosis in oral lichen planus, and evaluate their roles and relation in the oral lichen. METHODS: Immunohistochemical technique and TUNEL were employed to study the expression of TNF-α, TNFR I and apoptosis in 50 cases of oral lichen planus and 10 normal oral mucosa specimens. RESULTS: Compared with the normal control group, TNF-α expression was upregulated in mononuclear cells in lamina propria and decreased in keratinocytes in oral lichen planus lesion (P<0.05). On the contrary, TNFR I expression was increased in keratinocytes and decreased in lamina propria in oral lichen planus lesion (P<0.05). The increased apoptosis index in keratinocytes and the decreased apoptosis index in lamina propria were found in oral lichen planus (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: The accelerated apoptosis of keratinocytes and the inhibition of lymphocytes apoptosis may contribute to the formation and progression of oral lichen planus.     

Effects of sodium ferulate on the nonenzymatic glycation and oxidation in kidneys of diabetic rats

AIM: To investigate the blocking effects of sodium ferulate (SF) on the nonenzymatic glycation and oxidation in kidneys of diabetic rats. METHODS: The diabetic rats induced by streptozotocin (STZ) were treated with SF (110 mg/kg) per day for 8 weeks. The renal weight/body weight, clearance rate of creatinine (Ccr), proteinuria, advanced glycation end products (AGEs) in renal cortex, and the malonyldialdehyde (MDA), fructosamine (FMN), antioxidant enzymes in serum and renal cortex were measured. The pathologic changes of kidneys were also observed. RESULTS: The levels of Ccr, proteinuria, FMN and AGEs in renal cortex, FMN in serum, and renal weight/body weight in diabetic control group were significantly higher than those in normal control group. In the diabetic control group, there was a highter level of MDA and a lower activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) in serum and renal cortex than those in normal control group. Except for FMN in renal cortex, the abnormalities were significantly ameliorated in the treatment group. The pathologic changes was significant in the diabetic control group, which was significantly ameliorated with the treatment of SF. CONCLUSIONS: SF protects the activity of antioxidant enzymes, clears away oxygen radicals and inhibits the deposit of AGEs in kindey, which may be the mechanisms of protecting effects of SF on kindey in diabetic rats.