活性炭吸附汽油机冷起动HC排放的实验

为控制汽油机的冷起动HC排放,开发了一个活性炭吸附器,用于吸附车用汽油机冷起动阶段排放的HC。吸附材料采用煤质蜂窝状定型活性炭块,吸附器外表面用薄钢板焊接封装,整个吸附器串接在排气管上。进行汽油机冷起动排放实验,测量起动后200s内的HC排放量,实验结果表明,在冷却水温度为20U、40℃、60℃和85℃时,活性炭吸附器对HC的吸附率分别达到86．64％、70．34％、79．69％、77．45％。     

板翅换热器平直翅片的传热与阻力性能试验

对11种不同结构参数的紧凑式板翅换热器平直翅片的传热和流动阻力进行了试验研究,分析比较平直翅片间距、翅片高度、翅片长度对其传热和流动阻力的影响。结果表明,翅片间距对传热和流动阻力影响较小,而翅片长度和高度对其传热和流动阻力有重要影响。同时对11种翅片的220个试验数据点进行了j因子和f因子的试验关联式拟合,拟合关联式的误差范围为±10%。     

并联混合动力飞机牵引车控制系统设计与试验

分析了并联混合动力飞机牵引车的动力系统结构及工作模式,对目前主要的两种并联混合动力控制策略进行了分析比较,详细阐述了控制系统硬件及软件系统的设计方法,该控制系统在模拟工况测试试验中达到了预期的控制效果。     

Integration of meta-QTL discovery with omics:Towards a molecular breeding platform for improving wheat resistance to Fusarium head blight

Fusarium head blight (FHB) is a global wheat disease that devastates wheat production. Resistance to FHB spread within a wheat spike (type II resistance) and to...     

Comparison of Physicochemical and Structural Properties of Acid-Soluble and Pepsin-Soluble Collagens from Blacktip Reef Shark Skin

Fish collagen has been widely used in tissue engineering (TE) applications as an implant, which is generally transplanted into target tissue with stem cells for better regeneration ability. In this case, the success rate of this research depends on the fundamental components of fish collagen such as amino acid composition, structural and rheological properties. Therefore, researchers have been trying to find an innovative raw material from marine origins for tissue engineering applications. Based on this concept, collagens such as acid-soluble (ASC) and pepsin-soluble (PSC) were extracted from a new type of cartilaginous fish, the blacktip reef shark, for the first time, and were further investigated for physicochemical, protein pattern, microstructural and peptide mapping. The study results confirmed that the extracted collagens resemble the protein pattern of type-I collagen comprising the α₁, α₂, β and γ chains. The hydrophobic amino acids were dominant in both collagens with glycine and hydroxyproline as major amino acids. From the FTIR spectra, α helix (27.72 and 26.32%), β-sheet (22.24 and 23.35%), β-turn (21.34 and 22.08%), triple helix (14.11 and 14.13%) and random coil (14.59 and 14.12%) structures of ASC and PSC were confirmed, respectively. Collagens retained their triple helical and secondary structure well. Both collagens had maximum solubility at 3% NaCl and pH 4, and had absorbance maxima at 234 nm, respectively. The peptide mapping was almost similar for ASC and PSC at pH 2, generating peptides ranging from 15 to 200 kDa, with 23 kDa as a major peptide fragment. The microstructural analysis confirmed the homogenous fibrillar nature of collagens with more interconnected networks. Overall, the preset study concluded that collagen can be extracted more efficiently without disturbing the secondary structure by pepsin treatment. Therefore, the blacktip reef shark skin could serve as a potential source for collagen extraction for the pharmaceutical and biomedical applications.     

小麦品种对增强UV-B辐射响应的RAPD分析

在前一研究结果的基础上,选用8个对UV-B辐射耐受性不同的小麦品种(4个耐性品种和4个敏感品种),进一步对其进行RAPD分析。结果表明,8个小麦品种间存在着明显的遗传多态性。聚类分析显示,在遗传距离为0.35的水平上,可将它们明显区分出耐性和敏感两大类,这与其生长响应指数(RI)的判定结果基本一致。4个耐性品种共同具有1500bp(OPA-12)的特征谱带,这一分子标记可能与小麦耐UV-B辐射相关,有待进一步研究。     

飞机外挂物挂装设备综述

根据飞机外挂物挂装方式的不同,说明了飞机外挂物挂装设备分类;介绍了不同挂装设备的结构特点和通用挂装车的功能：阐述了飞机外挂物挂装设备国内外现状。     

福建余甘子遗传资源的RAPD分析

以福建省34份余甘子遗传资源为材料,采用20个具特异扩增的多态性引物对福建省34份余甘子基因型进行扩增,20个引物,在34份供试材料中总共扩增出259个位点,且均是多态的,多态性程度达100%,平均每个引物扩增12.95个位点。同时,获得了19个引物对23份材料扩增的RAPD特征标记47个,17个引物在36对材料上共扩增出36个共享特征RAPD标记;采用ED(欧氏距离)法进行RAPD标记的聚类分析则可将福建34份余甘子遗传资源明显划分为惠安余甘和莆田余甘两大类。各供试材料之间的遗传距离范围为0.00～1.00,其中栽培品种与野生资源之间遗传距离在0.43～1.00之间;莆田余甘资源与惠安余甘资源之间遗传距离为0.27～0.99。     

新型肘形进水流道水力特性预测

提出一种新型肘形进水流道,具有型线简单,容易设计和施工方便等优点。采用定常雷诺平均N S方程和标准kε紊流模型,数值模拟了该新型肘形进水流道的三维紊流。在详细分析内部流态的基础上,从流道出口断面轴向流速分布均匀度、出口水流偏流角和流道阻力系数3个方面对其水力特性进行了全面的预测,并与按常规设计的肘形进水流道的水力特性进行了比较。计算结果表明,新型肘形进水流道具有优良的水力特性,出口水流的轴向流速分布均匀度高,偏流角小,可为水泵提供良好的进水条件。     

德国巴伐利亚农业试验示范的做法与启示

巴伐利亚州是德国经济比较发达的联邦州,也是德国传统的农业大州,其在经济发展的同时,始终注重农业经济的基础地位,特别是在农业试验示范这些基础性工作上,长期坚持由农业部门开展系统的试验示范,对科学、客观、公正、高效地向农民推广最新科技成果,促进农业科技水平提高发挥了重要作用,其做法对中国强化农业科技成果转化应用具有十分重要的借鉴意义。