天麻田间高产栽培措施试验

为提高天麻栽培产量，扩大天麻栽培地域，提高山区有限土地利用率，笔者将影响天麻田间高产栽培的几个关键因子进行比较试验，总结出天麻田间高产栽培的有效措施，为大力发展天麻生产提供了科学依据。     

Radiation Balance Components of Maize Hybrids Grown at Various Plant Densities

Components of the energy and heat balances were examined in two maize hybrids grown at three different plant densities (40, 70 and 100 thousand plants per hectare). One of the hybrids was drought tolerant, while the other was bred for cultivation under irrigated conditions. An increase in plant density influenced not only the size of the leaf area, but also the distribution of the leaves at various plant heights. The extinction coefficient, which provides a quantification of radiation penetration, was higher in the irrigated treatments. By contrast to the other two treatments, the plant canopy in the thinly sown stands remained open throughout the vegetation period, and thus behaved quite differently to the closed stands, making it impossible to compare them. Smaller albedo values were recorded for the hybrid bred for irrigation and in thinly sown stands. The low plant density allowed more energy to reach the soil, from which it was reflected, making a considerable contribution to the final temperature in the stand. The latent heat, in keeping with the quantity of water transpired, was the greatest in the densely sown stands. There was little difference between the latent heat values of the normal and dense stands in either hybrid, indicating that they both had a similar sensitivity to increased stand density. If sufficient water is available it would appear that the stand density could be increased even for the drought-tolerant hybrid.     

污水污物潜水旋流泵性能及设计方法试验研究

对影响潜水旋流泵性能的6个主要过流件几何参数进行了试验研究，初步掌握了旋流泵叶轮及泵体主要几何尺寸对性能影响的规律。在分析16种优秀水力模型的基础上，计算出叶轮D2及b2函数回归方程式，并用设计实例进行检验，样机效率比国内外同类产品提高3％左右。     

Use of androgenesis in intersubspecific hybrid rice breeding

Significant differences of callus induction, green plant regeneration and culture efficiency were observed among restorer lines and their hybrids in rice. Average callus induction percentage of F₁, hybrids was about twice that of their parents. Twenty doubled haploid (DH) lines that showed normal fertility with both indica and japonica CMS lines, were selected as widely compatible restorers (WCRs). TG8 derived from CPSLO17/Minghui 63 not only showed normal fertility to both indica and japonica test varieties and CMS lines, but also exhibited superior agronomic traits, in particular short plant, desired plant type, high tillerability, large panicles, good grain quality and resistance to rice blast disease. Strong heterosis for yield was observed in crosses between indica or japonica CMS lines and TG8. TG8 possessed a dominant, widely compatible gene (WCG) that was inherited from the variety CPSLO17. Results confirmed that the anther culture technique is a quick and effective way of developing widely compatible restorers in rice and that it is applicable to the direct use of intersubspecific heterosis with the three-line method.     

补饲不同配方酶制剂对犊牛断奶后生产性能的影响

选择健康无病、6- 7月龄间断奶的公牛犊 30头 ,随机分成 3组 ,即对照组 CK、试验组 TE1和 TE2 ,每组 1 0头。对照 CK组饲喂基础日粮 ;试验 TE1和 TE2 组分别补饲0 .1 %由纤维素酶、果胶酶、蛋白酶与淀粉酶组成的酶制剂 E1和由木聚糖酶、果胶酶、蛋白酶与淀粉酶组成的酶制剂 E2 ;试验 60 d,测定加酶对生产性能的影响。结果表明 ,与 CK组相比 ,TE1组日增重提高 7.51 % (P<0 .0 5) ,混合精料、粗料与增重比各下降 7.0 0 % (P<0 .0 5)、1 .2 3% (P<0 .0 5) ;TE2 组增重提高 4.2 0 % (P<0 .0 5) ,混合精料、粗料与增重比各下降 3.86% (P<0 .0 5)和 0 .31 % (P>0 .0 5) ;试验组犊牛断奶后对粗饲料的适应性有所增强 ;两组酶配方中 ,以纤维素酶为主的 E1效果优于 E2     

Hemagglutination and hemagglutination inhibition of turkey red blood cells with Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae

The ability of Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae to agglutinate RBC was evaluated to develop an in vitro cytadsorption assay. Using swine RBC in a microtitration hemagglutination test, no agglutination or partial agglutination was detected. Comparison of RBC from various other species indicated that improved hemagglutination was obtained with RBC from turkeys. This hemagglutination was detected only when mycoplasma cells used in the assay had been frozen and thawed, heated at 50 C for 30 minutes, or treated with trypsin. Treatment of RBC with trypsin or neuraminidase enhanced hemagglutination. Possible surface lectin activity in M hyopneumoniae was evaluated by use of carbohydrates in a blocking assay; hemagglutination was not inhibited by any of 13 carbohydrates evaluated. Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae convalescent porcine serum and monoclonal antibodies against 2 M hyopneumoniae immunogens of molecular weights of 64,000 and 41,000 inhibited hemagglutination.     

Mucus synthesis in the goblet cells of the small intestine in experimental infection with the coccidium Isospora suis in piglets

The state of mucus synthesis in the goblet cells of the small intestine was studied in conventional piglets infected with a dose of 200,000 oocytes of the coccidium Isospora suis the first and fifth day after parturition. The synthesis of mucus and its chemical characteristics undergo significant changes during the third and fourth day after infection. The activity of acid and neutral mucous substances declines; their level and the physiological synthetic function of goblet cells begin to return to the normal during the period starting on the eight to tenth day after infection. However, there were no fully functioning goblet cells in the broken numerical ratio even at the end of the period of investigation, i.e. the 13th day after infection. The thin surface layer of mucus remained almost unchanged within the whole extent of the small intestine parts studied.     

β-葡聚糖对肉仔鸡生产性能及免疫功能的影响

选用1日龄AA肉仔鸡480只(公雏),随机分为5个处理组。每个处理6个重复,对照组饲喂基础日粮,抗生素组饲喂基础日粮 林可霉素,三个β-葡聚糖组,在基础日粮中分别添加25、50、100mg/kgβ-葡聚糖,以研究添加β-葡聚糖对肉鸡生产性能、免疫器官、细胞和体液免疫、血清中溶菌酶含量以及盲肠内乳酸杆菌的影响。结果显示:肉仔鸡日粮中添加50mg/kgβ-葡聚糖,显著提高0～49日龄日增重和饲料转化效率(P<0.05);显著提高21日龄脾脏的相对重量(P<0.05);添加β-葡聚糖有提高非特异性免疫力的趋势。     

鸡脑脊髓炎高免卵黄抗体的制备及治疗试验

鸡脑脊髓炎是由鸡脑脊髓炎病毒引起的主要侵害雏鸡的一种传染病 ,其主要特征是共济失调 ,头颈部震颤和非化脓性脑炎 ,近年来河南许多鸡场有本病的发生 ,为找到本病的有效治疗措施 ,我们开展了此项研究 ,报告如下。1　材料与方法1 .1　试验鸡　选择健康蛋用鸡 50只 ,经检查没有白痢等垂直传播的疾病 ,由郑州牧专微生物教研室饲养。1 .2　疫苗　鸡 AE弱毒苗 ,购自河南兽医防治站 ,鸡AE油乳剂灭活苗 ,由郑州牧专微生物教研室自制。1 .3　鸡 AE琼扩抗原及阳性血清　由郑州市畜牧工作总站提供。1 .4　试验鸡免疫　一免 ,每只鸡分别肌注 AE弱…