2014年河南省小麦品种发展趋势及利用建议

通过对2013－2014年度小麦生育期间河南省气候特点的分析和对生产上大面积利用的小麦品种的表现情况进行调查,认为本年度的气候条件对小麦生产整体有利,但不利于病害、抗倒性、成熟期的鉴定,根据河南省的常年气候特点,提出了小麦品种利用过程中应注意的问题,预测了部分品种的发展趋势,介绍了部分小麦新品种的特性和利用技术。     

地带性植物在营建地域特色景观中的应用

在自然界中,植物与气候、地貌、土壤等环境要素共同形成一个自然综合体,因而地带内的植物可反映当地的综合环境特征,乃至风土人情。通过对地带性植物的概念和理论发展进行梳理,针对地带性植物资源分布调查的结果探讨城市园林绿地的营建方法,总结时下的关注热点及地带性植物在城市园林绿化中的应用特性和潜在价值。总结表明,以植物群落为主体的地域特色景观营建的理论和实践处于上升阶段。应以营建专类地带性植物景观为起点,模拟自然群落,建立人工生态系统,结合生态和气候、土壤等的地带性特征,展现人文历史风情。     

“满天红”蝴蝶兰花梗组培快繁技术研究

该文以蝴蝶兰原优良品种"满天红"花梗为外植体,通过正交试验验证了"满天红"蝴蝶兰花梗离体培养过程中,不同消毒时间、不同细胞分裂素及其使用浓度和不同pH等对"满天红"蝴蝶兰影响的研究,得出了蝴蝶兰组织培养方法诱导植株再生的最佳方案,进一步加快蝴蝶兰名贵品种的扩大繁殖。     

人类活动对河岸带植被氮磷生态化学计量特征的影响——以汾河临汾段为例

[目的]探究自然河岸带和强人工干扰河岸带土壤—植被系统氮、磷生态化学计量的变化规律,为该区域的河岸带修复和环境保护提供科学依据.[方法]利用相关分析和偏冗余分析等方法,以汾河临汾段典型河岸带为例,探讨自然河岸带及强人工干扰河岸带土壤—植被系统氮、磷含量的时空分布特性及其影响因素.[结果]河岸带植被总氮(TN),总磷(T...     

不同盐度海水对锯缘青蟹幼蟹生长变态的影响

实验室条件下比较了盐度为0、3.38‰、6.76‰、10.14‰、13.52‰、16.99‰条件下锯缘青蟹由二期幼蟹至六期幼蟹的生长变态情况。初步结果表明:青蟹幼蟹在变态为四期幼蟹之前,对环境盐度条件有较高的要求:盐度低于10‰,将延长其变态周期和降低成活率;四期幼蟹以后对盐度的适应能力明显增强,此阶段适当降低盐度,将有助于缩短其蜕壳周期。     

胶州湾表层水中石油烃、化学耗氧量和金属铬的分布及污染现状分析

根据1987年5月和8月2次调查的结果,分析了胶州湾表层水中的石油烃、化学耗氧量和金属铬的分布和污染现状,并与1980年前后的历史资料进行了比较。结果表明,黄岛新建大型输油码头基本不引起其邻近海域的石油烃污染,并且胶州湾水体中的石油烃污染较以前有所改善,而金属铬污染却有所增加,但其分布形式都基本未变,石油烃和金属铬污染均无季节变化。而该湾化学耗氧量的分布和量值有明显的季节变化。除少数河口区外,胶州湾绝大多数海域的石油烃、化学耗氧量和金属铬含量均满足渔业水质要求。     

青蛤生境及生长

青蛤生境及生长ＨＡＢＩＴＡＴＡＮＤＧＲＯＷＴＨＯＦＣＬＡＭ（ＣＹＣＬＩＮＡＳＩＮＥＮＳＩＳＧＭＥＬＩＮ）￥ＹｕＹｅｓｈａｏａｎｄＷａｎｇＨｕｉ（ＥａｓｔＣｈｉｎａＳｅａＦｉｓｈｅｒｉｅｓＲｅｓｅａｒｃｈＩｎｓｔｉｔｕｔｅ，ＡＳＦ，Ｓｈａｎｇｈａｉ２０...     

The study on the cytology and histochemistry of lymphoid organ spheroids in Penaeus chinensis

The lymphoid organ spheroids (LOS) were investigated by cytological and histochemical techniques in Penaeus chinensis. The results showed that the LOS only appeared in the individuals with relatively large lymphoid organ (long diameter>2 mm.). The LOS were mainly made up of two types of cells, one of which had a low cytoplasm to nuclear volumetric ratio, developed marginated chromatin and 1–2 nucleoli, while the other had large cytoplasm to nuclear volumetric ratio, homogeneous chromatin, and no or only one nucleolus. These two kinds of cells all contained mitochondria and rough endoplasmic reticulum. The necrotic cells could usually be observed. The LOS showed negative PAS reaction, weak positive phenoloxidase, and negative -naphthyl-acetate esterase (-NAE).     

黄颡鱼人工繁殖及鱼苗培育试验

以鲜鱼虾肉、自制配合料为饵料，在室内和室外水泥池内进行黄颡鱼亲鱼培育；采用DOM、PG、LHRH－A2、HCG不同剂量组合进行人工催产；采用静水和微流水两种方法进行孵化。在孵化网箱内进行鱼苗培育。结果表明：黄颡鱼亲鱼喜食新鲜饵料，也易驯食配合饲料，室内和室外人工条件下均能获得成熟亲鱼；用DOM＋HGG＋LHRH－A2或PG＋HCG＋LHRH－A2的混合剂人工催产，微流水孵化效果较好，催产率为50％－1005，受精率为60％－90％，孵化率达70％－90％；小网箱培育鱼苗，成活率高，规格整齐。     

Short-term storage and cryopreservation of Urechis unicinctus (Echiura: Urechidae) sperm

In the present study, attempts were made to preserve Urechis unicinctus sperm at 4°C. Cryopreservation procedures were optimized for various cryoprotectants and freezing rates, equilibration times and dilution ratios. During short‐term storage, the motility of undiluted sperm was extended for 6 days of cold storage,and in 70% and 100% artificial seawater only persisted for 2 and 4 days respectively. The survival rate of undiluted sperm was maintained at a high level accordingly. After cryopreservation, the highest motility and survival rate (41.5±2.2%) were obtained in 15% dimethyl sulphoxide (Me₂SO) using a freezing rate of 30°C min^?1. After thawing the sperm cryopreserved in glycerol lost almost all motility. The motility and survival rate of post‐thawing sperm did not show significant differences after 8 and 15 min equilibration using 15% Me₂SO as cryoprotectant; the values were significantly higher than those of 2 min equilibration. Comparisons of motility and survival rate between treatments pooled by dilution ratio showed that the effect of 1:1 ratio (sperm volume to cryoprotectant volume) was best. There was no difference between 1:3 and 1:5, and other ratioswere significantly worse.