AGAMOUS在花发育中的核心功能研究进展

花是植物重要的生殖器官,受到多种花发育因子的调控。AGAMOUS(AG)在花发育的不同阶段有着不同的表达模式,对于植物的繁殖和发育有着重要的作用。AG与其他花发育基因、蛋白之间的相互作用决定了植物花器官的形态建成。近年来研究发现,AG基因对于花序分生组织向花分生组织的转化起到了关键的调控作用,特别是它与WUSCHEL(WUS)基因的反馈调节途径促进了植物生殖器官的发育。本综述总结了AG基因在植物花发育调控网络中的作用及生物学功能,展望了花发育未来的研究方向与发展趋势。     

Region Study on Sciences of Human Settlements in China

By review of region study in recent development of history science, geography and Sciences of Human Settlements, this paper points out that material collecting without interrelated analyzing as well as focusing on main question and assumption without enough argumentation are main problems in this field now. The method renovation & combination with related subjects are discussed, this paper concludes that strengthen interdisciplinary study with Geography is a key issue in the future development of region study in Sciences of Human Settlements and possible approach to "technical development' and "humanity concern'.     

植物QTL研究进展

摘要：随着分子生物学和基因组学的发展,作物QTL研究方面取得了极大的进展。采用QTL定位方法研究作物数量性状从通常可见表型发展到基因的表达水平,从某一发育阶段的静态QTL定位发展到全生育期的动态QTL定位。并且作物QTL研究也不断深入,近年来已克隆了番茄,水稻和小麦等多种植物重要农艺性状的QTL,并从分子水平上剖析了它们的作用机理。本文就作物QTL分析的现状,发展趋势以及作物QTL图位克隆中精细定位策略等方面进行了介绍和分析。     

入侵植物薇甘菊和三叶鬼针草对土壤细菌群落的影响

【研究目的】通过比较外来植物薇甘菊和三叶鬼针草对入侵地土壤细菌群落的影响,以期揭示外来植物入侵的土壤微生物学机制。【方法】基于16S rDNA的PCR-DGGE图谱分析,结合条带割胶回收DNA进行序列分析的方法,对入侵植物薇甘菊和三叶鬼针草在广州不同入侵程度的土壤中细菌群落的多样性及优势类群进行比较分析。【结果】DGGE图谱分析结果表明：薇甘菊重度入侵与轻度入侵、重度入侵与未入侵样品中的细菌群落结构的相似性分别为59.6%和54.2%;三叶鬼针草重度入侵与轻度入侵、重度入侵与未入侵样品中的细菌群落结构的相似性分别为60.0%和58.6%。DGGE图谱中特异性条带序列分析表明：薇甘菊和三叶鬼针草入侵引起变化的优势菌群为与α、β、γ变形菌纲和芽孢杆菌有很近亲缘关系的不可培养细菌。【结论】2种入侵植物在不同入侵程度土壤中改变了土壤细菌群落的组成和种类,有可能形成有利于自身生长的微环境,以便于进一步扩张。     

桑籽皮多酚的提取工艺研究

通过单因素试验,分析了不同浸提剂、浸提剂浓度、料液比、浸提时间、浸提温度5个因素对桑籽皮多酚提取量的影响,通过正交试验,确定了桑籽皮多酚的最佳提取条件为:浸提剂(丙酮)体积分数为70%,料液比1∶35,回流温度45℃,回流时间1.5h。在此提取条件下,提取量达到1.332mg/g干籽皮,为桑籽皮多酚的工业化提取提供科学依据。     

Expression of nucleolus, endosperm storage proteins and disease resistance in an amphiploid between Aegilops tauschii and Secale silvestre

Cytology and gene expression of an amphiploid between Aegilops tauschiiL., native to China, and Secale silvestre L. were studied to reveal the genomic interaction between the donor species. High frequencies of aneuploids were observed in the progenies of the amphiploid, indicating its cytological instability. Feulgen staining and Giemsa-C banding showed that only the nucleolar organizing region from chromosome 5D of Ae. tauschii existed in the amphiploid (2n = 28). The nucleolus of S. silvestre was not observed. Endosperm storage protein electrophoresis indicated most gliadin and glutenin genes from both parents were expressed in the endosperm of the amphiploid. When inoculated by wheat stripe rust and powdery mildew isolates,the amphiploid did not express the resistance from its Secale parent,suggesting the presence of disease resistance suppressor(s) in the D genome of Ae. tauschii as well as nucleolar organizer suppressors. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Genetic analysis of four self-incompatible lines in Brassica napus

Reciprocal hybridization between four self-incompatible lines of Brassica napus: 271, 181, 184 and ‘White Flower’, revealed incompatibility. The reciprocal F₁s obtained by bud pollination showed self-incompatible reactions, and no segregation for self-incompatibility was observed in all the reciprocal F₂ populations, indicating that lines 271, 181, 184 and ‘White Flower’ were genetically identical with regard to self-incompatibility. Observations of self-incompatibility in 17 hybrids from crosses between line 271 and 17 varieties of B. napus showed 10 of the F₁ hybrids to be self-compatible, while four were partially self-compatible and three were self-incompatible. Genetic analysis based on F₂ and BC₁ populations from five self-compatible F₁ hybrids and two self-incompatible F₁ hybrids suggested the existence of at least two loci controlling the self-incompatibility of line 271: one is the S locus, with dominant and recessive relationships between the S alleles, and the other is the suppressor (sp) of the S locus. The sp locus is genetically different from the S locus, and also shows dominant and recessive relationships between the sp alleles.     

受雨害小麦籽粒物性与吹泡特性相关性分析

小麦经粒径分级和重力分选,吹泡特征值发生了变化。由于粒径较大的籽粒较易受到雨害,影响其品质,粒径分级后,其吹泡特征值变化显著,分级效果明显。再经重力分选后,从分选出口I~V试样的容重依次增大,并且随着容重增加,吹泡特征值出现不同趋势,分选效果有明显差异。籽粒容重与弹性(P)和配置比(P/L)呈显著正相关,与延伸性(L)和延伸能力(G)呈显著负相关性,而与烘焙强度(W)和弹性指数(Ie)的相关性不明显。采用密度的线性模型描述吹泡特性可达到很高的拟合精度。     

砖筒仓充二氧化碳安全储麦技术研究

二氧化碳被导入一管道系统并使其在砖筒仓的粮堆内逐渐均匀分布，直到其在粮堆中的浓度达70％以上，试验其间通过该管道系统进行二氧化碳环流，经过14天停止操作，仓内粮堆中二氧化碳气体浓度保持35％以上，该气控方法储存小麦可达保鲜、无虫霉损害，安全储粮目的。     

欧山羊草高分子谷蛋白亚基向小麦的转入及其遗传规律

欧山羊草具有两个容易用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳与小麦区别的高分子谷蛋白亚基,分别命名为Glu-Aeb1和Glu-Aeb2。采用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳（SDS-PAGE）方法对21份欧山羊草与小麦杂交后代BC2F6和15份BC2F5与小麦杂交F0种子的谷蛋白亚基组成进行了鉴定。实验结果表明,36份材料全部都有欧山羊草高分子谷蛋白亚基的转入。Glu-Aeb1在BC2F6和杂交组合F0中的传递频率分别为59.52%和20.94%。而Glu-Aeb2在BC2F6和杂交组合F0中的传递频率分别为40.48%和22.96%。