对羟基苯甲酸和肉桂酸对巨尾桉9号苗木生长及生理指标的影响

采用基质栽培试验,研究对羟基苯甲酸、肉桂酸对3月生巨尾桉9号苗木生长及叶片抗氧化酶活性的影响,结果表明：对羟基苯甲酸各处理浓度（10、50、100、500 mg/L）下的苗高增长量、地径增长量均显著高于对照,且在10 mg/L时,苗高增长量最大,为52.33 cm;肉桂酸10 mg/L时巨尾桉苗木苗高增长量较对照高,且随着其浓度的增加,苗高增长量和地径增长量均逐渐降低。对羟基苯甲酸、肉桂酸各浓度下巨尾桉9号苗木叶片叶绿素总含量均极显著低于对照,丙二醛含量略高于对照;对羟基苯甲酸、肉桂酸各浓度对巨尾桉9号叶片超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、过氧化物酶（POD）、多酚氧化酶（PPO）活性均具有一定的影响。对羟基苯甲酸10、50、100 mg/L及肉桂酸10 mg/L处理下的综合化感效应指数为正,对羟基苯甲酸500 mg/L及肉桂酸50、100、500 mg/L处理下的综合化感效应指数为负。可见,对羟基苯甲酸、肉桂酸对巨尾桉9号苗木的生长具有“低浓度促进、高浓度抑制”的规律,拐点浓度分别为100、10 mg/L;且在处理浓度相同时,肉桂酸的化感作用较对羟基苯甲酸强。     

不同种源刨花润楠苗期生长及叶片性状变异的研究

以刨花润楠主要分布区的14个种源为研究对象,在广州增城开展种源试验,通过对14个种源的刨花润楠苗高、地径、叶面积、叶周长等性状进行观测,分析不同种源苗期性状的遗传变异规律。结果表明：3个生长性状种源间和种源内变异系数相当,其种源间和种源内生长性状变异均较丰富;8个叶片性状种源间的变异系数为17.52%～44.71%,不同种源间叶片性状亦变异明显;生长性状的种源遗传力均大于0.750,说明在一定程度上刨花润楠的苗高、地径等苗期生长性状受自身遗传控制,且不同种源间变异明显,种源选择潜力较大。刨花润楠苗期生长性状的地理及气候变异趋势不明显,表现出随机现象;苗木生长性状与叶片大小呈负相关,即叶片越大、叶柄越长,苗木生长有变慢的趋势;对种源苗期性状进行聚类,可将刨花润楠14个种源划分为5个类群;刨花润楠苗期生长及叶片性状有一定的地理趋势,但也有一定的随机性。以地径为标准对刨花润楠优良种源进行筛选,初步选出永春、兴安、昭平3个种源作为适宜广东地区造林的优势种源。     

Numerical analysis of injection molding for the Syringe Barrel with optimum design and processing condition

The numerical analysis was performed to predict the potential problem, often occurring during the manufacturing process of the disposable medical device of a great volume. The cavity filling analyses were performed for the new design of the 3cc Syringe Barrel using polypropylene(PP1), and a new nucleated polypropylene(PP2) material for better clarity. These analyses have been performed for different processing conditions as well as various wall thickness designs for both materials. With the nucleated material, only the original wall thickness design has been studied at two different processing conditions for comparison purpose. This study was conducted to investigate the optimum part design and processing condition for two different materials. The most desirable design was selected with Design 3 for material utilization and reduced flow stresses by comparing the field results. The new nucleated polypropylene provided slightly better product quality and processing.     

Ameliorative Effects of Oyster Protein Hydrolysates on Cadmium-Induced Hepatic Injury in Mice

Cadmium (Cd) is a widespread environmental toxicant that can cause severe hepatic injury. Oyster protein hydrolysates (OPs) have potential effects on preventing liver disease. In this study, thirty mice were randomly divided into five groups: the control, Cd, Cd + ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA, 100 mg/kg), and low/high dose of OPs-treatment groups (100 mg/kg or 300 mg/kg). After continuous administration for 7 days, the ameliorative effect of OPs on Cd-induced acute hepatic injury in Cd-exposed mice was assessed. The results showed that OPs significantly improved the liver function profiles (serum ALT, AST, LDH, and ALP) in Cd-exposed mice. Histopathological analysis showed that OPs decreased apoptotic bodies, hemorrhage, lymphocyte accumulation, and inflammatory cell infiltration around central veins. OPs significantly retained the activities of SOD, CAT, and GSH-Px, and decreased the elevated hepatic MDA content in Cd-exposed mice. In addition, OPs exhibited a reductive effect on the inflammatory responses (IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α) and inhibitory effects on the expression of inflammation-related proteins (MIP-2 and COX-2) and the ERK/NF-κB signaling pathway. OPs suppressed the development of hepatocyte apoptosis (Bax, caspase-3, and Blc-2) and the activation of the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway in Cd-exposed mice. In conclusion, OPs ameliorated the Cd-induced hepatic injury by inhibiting oxidative damage and inflammatory responses, as well as the development of hepatocyte apoptosis via regulating the ERK/NF-κB and PI3K/AKT-related signaling pathways.     

浅谈农机行业学生能力的培养

本文在机械原理及设计课程的理论教学中，注重与实践紧密相关的课程设计大作业，布置相关零件的设计技术，使课后设计题目顺利完成。这样既系统巩固了工科多门课的业务理论．又直接提高了学生机械综合设计能力。     

笼型异步磁力耦合器机械特性与试验

为有效解决目前机械传动系统中选用电机时功率裕度过大而普遍存在的能源利用效率较低问题,提出一种基于三相异步电机鼠笼转子的异步磁力耦合器(squirrel cage asynchronous magnetic coupler,SCAMC)。结合SCAMC具体结构特点,采用标量磁位法及二维场边界条件,建立气隙磁场数理模型;在气隙磁通密度中引入时间变量,推导出感生电流随时间变化的表达式;基于电流叠加性,将笼条电流折算到转子表面,并沿圆周方向对感生电流所形成的洛伦兹力进行积分,建立了SCAMC的电磁转矩模型。基于上述理论及技术基础,设计并制造出一台37 k W SCAMC样机,并对其机械特性进行理论计算、仿真验证及试验测试。结果表明:转差率相同时,所得的仿真及试验数据与理论计算值相比,误差不超过5%;SCAMC与同容量的三相异步电机相比,线性工作区更宽,过载能力更强,但其机械特性偏软,可有效缓解负载对电机的冲击。该研究可为磁力耦合器在大惯量、难启动及经常性过载机械设备中的应用提供参考。     

细叶鸡骨草地膜覆盖高效栽培技术

鸡骨草又名红母鸡草、黄食草、广东相思子,主产于广东、广西,又分为细叶鸡骨草和大叶鸡骨草,尤以细叶鸡骨草药用价值较高。该药全草入药,具有清热利湿、解毒、止痛等功能,用于治疗急慢性肝炎、肝硬化、腹水、胃痛、风湿骨痛等症。除以全草直接入药外,还是广西有名的中成药——鸡骨草丸的主要原料和出口创汇的中药材。随着野生资源的减少,人工栽培市场前景广阔,目前广西除玉林地区外,其它地区少有种植。近两年贺州地区开始引入种植,每667平方米产量都在250-300公斤左右。     

镉胁迫对油菜根系生理特性的影响

采用水培体系,对幼苗期油菜根系进行不同浓度(1,5,10,25,50 mg/L)的Cd2+胁迫,胁迫1,3,6,9 d后测定其若干相关生理特性指标,研究镉对油菜根系生理特性的影响。研究结果表明:Cd2+胁迫下油菜根系的电解质相对外渗率、MDA和游离脯氨酸的含量都随着Cd2+处理浓度的增加而增大,并且各处理浓度与对照差异性显著(P<0.05);可溶性蛋白、可溶性糖含量随着Cd2+处理浓度的增加先升高后降低,低浓度(小于5 mg/L)有明显的促进作用;且各指标随着处理时间的延长逐渐上升。SOD酶活性在胁迫3 d后,随处浓度和处理时间的延长先升高后降低,APX、CAT和POD酶活性随着Cd2+胁迫浓度的升高,先升高后降低,但各种抗氧化酶对浓度的敏感性不同,SOD>APX>CAT>POD。综上述,镉胁迫对油菜根系生长有一定的伤害,使得根系细胞膜透性增加,膜脂过氧化加重,根系利用自身渗透调节物质和抗氧化酶活性升高来调节并适应环境,但是高浓度的镉环境使得根系细胞中积累较多的活性氧等自由基而严重伤害细胞,可溶性蛋白含量以及抗氧化酶活性下降,影响根系生长。     

山地杏树栽培管理

山地杏树栽培应注意土肥水管理、整形修剪、生长期管理、病虫害防治几个关键环节,根据多年的生产实践现介绍几点经验,以供生产经营者参考。