探究姜和大蒜粗提取液对甘蓝枯萎病菌的抑制作用

研究旨在了解不同浓度姜和大蒜粗提取液对甘蓝枯萎病菌的抑制效果及对菌丝形态结构的影响,以此初步获得最适合的抑制病原菌的植物粗提取液浓度。以姜和大蒜粗提取液为供试材料,测定不同浓度2种粗提取液对甘蓝枯萎病菌尖孢镰刀菌的生长情况、孢子浓度、孢子萌发率及菌丝结构的影响。结果表明,2种粗提取液均能抑制并降低尖孢镰刀菌的生长速率、孢子浓度和孢子萌发率,且大蒜粗提取液比姜粗提取液抑制效果更显著,在低浓度下对菌丝形态结构的影响也比姜粗提取液明显,大蒜粗提取液在各浓度下与对照相比均达极显著差异,且大蒜浓度为0.4 g/mL时对尖孢镰刀菌孢子萌发率抑制达100%。该试验证实大蒜对甘蓝枯萎病菌有极显著抑制作用,为使用间种或轮作大蒜进行田间防治甘蓝枯萎病菌提供了参考。     

如何提高缉毒犬的实际工作能力

缉毒犬对各种毒品气味的分辨能力,即一头受训犬能够在各种复杂的环境中,准确地从烟、酒、食物、糖、茶、化妆品、药材以及化学物品等干扰气味中分辨出某种毒品气味,并反应正确。目前,有些地方的缉毒犬只是对单一毒品气味进行了训练：并且考虑在更为复杂的环境下的训练,即模拟训练。这种训练接近实战,要求带犬民警充分考虑到实战现场的复杂性,并以此为标准,对模拟训练中的三种形式进行合理的布局。     

玉米新品种沧玉76示范试验与栽培技术

沧玉76是河北沧玉种业科技有限公司于2010年采用C1058×CB128选育而成的玉米品种,多点高产示范平均产量均在10000 kg/hm²以上。2017年的适应性研究与示范试验中,产量为11831.0 kg/hm²,较对照郑单958增产10.33%。从播种、水肥管理、病虫草害防治、收获等方面提出了沧玉76高产栽培技术。     

喷头和施药液量对水稻植株上农药沉积和药剂防治效果的影响

为明确喷头及施药液量对水稻植株上农药沉积及药剂防治效果的影响,采用丽春红-G示踪法测定了4种喷头ST11001、ST11002、TR8001、TR8002在不同施药液量条件下喷雾农药在水稻植株上的沉积分布特性,并比较了4种喷头施用相同剂量的40%氯虫苯甲酰胺·噻虫嗪WDG对水稻纵卷叶螟Cnaphalocrocis medinalis和褐飞虱Nilaparvata lugens的防治效果。结果表明,选择ST11002和TR8001喷头,在施药液量300 L/hm~2条件下喷雾,单株水稻上的丽春红-G沉积量分别达到27.55μg和28.16μg;选择ST11001和TR8002喷头,在施药液量900 L/hm~2条件下喷雾,单株水稻上的丽春红-G沉积量仅分别为12.27μg和14.86μg。喷头和施药液量的改变不影响水稻植株上农药沉积分布特性,均为上层沉积量中层沉积量下层沉积量。当施药液量从300 L/hm~2增加到900 L/hm~2,4种喷头ST11001、ST11002、TR8001、TR8002喷雾在水稻基部的雾滴密度分别增加了8.21、8.54、7.79和9.69倍;但在相同施药液量下,4种喷头在水稻基部的雾滴密度没有显著差异。同一剂量下,喷头和施药液量不同组合的防治效果间差异显著。表明针对稻田不同防治对象,选择合适的喷头及施药液量将有助于提高农药沉积及防治效果。     

Effects of Salinity on Biogenic Amines,Hemolymph Osmotic Pressure,and Activity of Gill’s Na+/K+‐ATPase in Charybdis japonica (Crustacea,Decapoda)

The effects of salinity on hemolymph osmotic pressure, gill Na⁺/K⁺‐ATPase activity and dopamine (DA), norepinephrine (NE), serotonin (5‐HT) in the gills, and hemolymph of the adult Charybdis japonica were studied. DA levels increased significantly (P < 0.05), while the NE and 5‐HT revealed contrary change in hemolymph and gills. The iso‐osmotic point of C. japonica (911.4 mOsm/kg) was at salinity of 27.87 ppt. The Na⁺/K⁺‐ATPase activity of gill showed negative correlation with salinity in the hypotonic environment (<27.87 ppt). The results of this experiment indicated that C. japonica had great capability to acclimate to low salinity.     

利用盐碱地地下水养殖中国对虾试验

1999年在胶州市李格庄镇低洼盐碱地原淡水养鱼池塘改建中国对虾养殖池塘，在池塘边上打井提供养殖用水，井水盐度一般在10－12左右；虾苗在水泥池淡化7天使盐度降为15，经暂养后陆续分至养殖池，暂养成活率76．11％；养成阶段主要使用配合饵料，添加抗病药物；前期以添加水为主，养殖中后期少量换水，平均日换水量不超过5％，并定期使用水质净化剂。结果5个养殖池对虾平均亩产90．83kg。     

蟹塘生态调控技术对“淤泥-水界面”N,P交换通量的影响

调节pH值、加钙和增氧是常用的蟹塘生态调控技术,为明确其对水质和N,P养分交换的影响,通过实验室模拟并测定了水体N,P含量及"淤泥-水界面"交换通量。结果表明:3种措施对水体N,P均有显著影响,且增氧对水体N,P的调节效应显著强于加钙和调节pH。增氧96 h后水体TN和NO_3^--N含量分别是不增氧处理的1.68和7.43倍,同时增氧削减了水体NH4+-N含量至试验结束,增氧处理NH_4^+-N含量平均降低70%～75%。"淤泥-水界面"N,P交换通量表明,增氧后TN交换通量平均提高2.47～3.74 mg·m^2/h,而对TP交换通量均无显著影响,平均仅为-0.1 mg·m^2/h。     

Relationship between zinc and zinc transporter expression in human lung cancer cells

AIM: To study the changes of zinc transporter gene expression in A-549 cell line exposed to ZnCl2 and N,N,N’,N’-tetrakis 2-pyridylmethyl ethylenediamine (TPEN).METHODS: Human lung cancer cell line A-549 was exposed to different concentrations of ZnCl2 (0, 50, 100, 150, 200 μmol/L) and TPEN (0, 5, 10, 15, 20 μmol/L), respectively. Twelve hours later, the cell viability was measured by MTT (methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium) and levels of zinc transporter mRNA was detected by RT-PCR. Zinquin was used to estimate the intracellular zinc concentrations.RESULTS: A-549 cell viability rate was significantly decreased when exposed to ZnCl2 at concentrations of 150 and 200 μmol/L, and to TPEN. The intracellular zinc concentration was significantly increased when exposed to ZnCl2 and decreased when exposed to TPEN. Zinc transporter (ZnT-1) mRNA level was increased along with the increase in the concentration of ZnCl2 but decreased when exposed to TPEN. The expressions of ZIP-1 and ZIP-10 (Zrt-and Irt-like protein) were increased along with the increase in the concentration of TPEN but decreased when exposed to ZnCl2.CONCLUSION: ZnT-1 expression is induced by zinc supplement. ZIP-1 and ZIP-10 expressions are induced by zinc deficiency and repressed by zinc supplement.