猪雌激素受体基因研究进展

雌激素受体(ESR)是一种核酸受体，具有转录调控蛋白质的功能，影响着雌激素基因在雌性脊椎动物组织的表达，从而对第二性征、繁殖周期、生殖力、妊娠维持等方面产生影响。本文对雌激素受体的分布、生物学作用、分子结构、基因定位、多态性及其与猪繁殖性能的关系等方面作一综述。     

河北省实行动物疫病风险监管的几点体会

实施动物疫病风险管理是控制动物疫病的一种有效方法,河北省对此开展了积极的探索,并取得显著成效。本文简要介绍了《河北省动物疫病风险评估与分级管理办法》和相关做法,探讨了实施动物风险管理在贯彻落实《动物防疫法》、实现动物疫病的科学监管、增强相对人的动物疫病风险管理意识、提高产业化水平、维护动物卫生监督执法人员的合法权益等方面的重要作用。     

扩大非粮食饲料原料供给

饲料业是我国畜牧水产养殖业发展的基础支撑和战略保障,是促进粮食高效转化增值和农产品精深加工的中轴产业。当前,我国饲料业正处于发展的关键时期,既面临着难得的机遇,也面临着严峻的挑战,必须转变饲料业发展思路,创新饲料业发展模式,提高饲料业发展质量。农业部提出的“大原     

Stress wavelets: Multi-scale and multi-resolution assessment of soil structure by the drop-shatter method

Stress wavelet properties are inherently involved in the process of the drop-shatter method of assessment on soil structural characteristics. The analogies between wavelet analysis and the drop-shatter process are based on two factors: scale and resolution. By carefully following the requirements of wavelet analysis, a standard procedure of soil fragmentation and sieving is described. Following this procedure, a set of equations can be derived from which surface contacting energy between soil aggregates of a specific scale can be calculated. The resultant values in fact mirror the multi-resolutions of wavelets.

Natural soil clods as well as artificial structured soil cores were used for fragmentation. Though the experiment can do well on natural soil clods, and it is precise enough in predicting structural state of a sub-dimensional clods of 8 mm, its use on artificial soil cores produced a set of data that was quite chaotic. The unique behavior experienced in the process of fragmentation of artificial soil structure indicates that there is no distinct stage between mother soil clods (cores) and its constituent primary particles. Such a state should result from an excessively large impact energy (too low a resolution in the wavelet analysis) for each drop stroke impact.

With an ultimate goal for soil process simulation, the construction of the experiment for artificial structured soil core preparation brings the traditional methods of sample preparation a step forward further by creating an environment much nearer to the field conditions experienced in natural soils. Still, extensive refinements are needed, especially for the mode of water application, cycle and intensity of management.     

大面积果园高架长叶片防霜机的效果试验

为了验证防霜机能否对果园上方空气进行物理扰动、消除近地层逆温,基于自主研究设计的国内首台高架长叶片防霜机,利用2013年10月19-21日强降温过程中的对比试验观测数据及分析,对该防霜机防霜冻效果进行了评估。结果表明:在逆温条件下,一套功率为120 kW,高度为8.5 m,风叶直径为6 m的高架防霜机扰动混合环境内上下层空气使得保护区内逆温现象消失,近地层1~3 m增温明显,防霜机保护区内相对湿度减小较快,有效防止霜冻形成;20 m左右是防霜机的强风速扰动影响区,距离地面3、2、1 m处风速分别为4.0、2.1、1.6 m/s。防霜机有效保护范围为水平20~100 m,在其范围内空间1~3 m的风速随水平距离的增大呈波动减少趋势;每台防霜机的有效保护面积为1.73~3.07 hm2。该文研究为科学高效的人工防御霜冻灾害和防霜机的技术推广提供参考。     

新疆南部棉区转Bt基因棉花Bt杀虫蛋白表达规律研究

为研究新疆南部植棉区转Bt基因棉花Bt杀虫蛋白时空表达规律,本文利用ELISA技术于2009年和2010年对南疆种植的转Bt基因棉花‘中棉所41’、‘中棉所43’、‘236’、‘K9030’、‘T3’、‘中棉所44’、‘中棉所45’、‘K7’和‘SGK321’各生育期中不同器官中的Bt杀虫蛋白含量进行测定。结果发现：在时间表达上,大多数转Bt基因棉花叶片的Bt杀虫蛋白含量随着棉花发育进程而逐渐下降,在子叶期含量最高,至蕾期或吐絮期达到最低点。并且不同品种间Bt杀虫蛋白含量差异显著。在空间表达上,在花铃期,棉铃和花苞叶的Bt杀虫蛋白含量最低,大多数品种表现为叶片＞棉蕾＞花瓣（花柱）＞棉铃和花苞叶。     

Design and Synthesis of Novel Phenylahistin Derivatives Based on Co-Crystal Structures as Potent Microtubule Inhibitors for Anti-Cancer Therapy

Phenylahistin is a naturally occurring marine product with a diketopiperazine structure that can bind to the colchicine site of microtubulin as a possible anticancer agent. To develop more potent microtubule inhibitors, novel phenylahistin derivatives were designed and synthesized based on the co-crystal complexes of phenylahistin derivatives and microtubulin. We established a focused library of imidazole-type molecules for the introduction of different groups to the C-ring and A-ring of phenylahistin. Structure–activity relationship studies indicated that appropriate hydrocarbon substituents and unsaturated alkenyl substituents at the 1-position of the imidazole group are important for improving the activity of such compounds. In addition, this study found that propylamine groups could maintain the activity of these compounds, as exemplified by compound 16d (IC₅₀ = 5.38 nM, NCI-H460). Compound 15p (IC₅₀ = 1.03 nM, NCI-H460) with an allyl group exhibited potent cytotoxic activity at the nanomolar level against human lung cancer cell lines. Immunofluorescence assay indicated that compound 15p could efficiently inhibited microtubule polymerization and induced a high expression of caspase-3. 15p also displayed good pharmacokinetic characteristics in vitro. Additionally, the growth of H22 transplanted tumors was significantly inhibited in BALB/c mice when 15p alone was administered at 4 mg/kg, and the tumor inhibition rate was as much as 65%. Importantly, the continuous administration of 15p resulted in a lower toxicity than that of docetaxel (10 mg/kg) and cyclophosphamide (20 mg/kg). Overall, the novel allyl-imidazole-diketopiperazine-type derivatives could be considered safe and effective potential agents for cancer treatment.     

利用污水养殖微藻研究进展

微藻细胞中含有多种可利用的营养成分和化工原料,利用污水培养微藻在生产有价值藻体的同时净化污水,降低了养殖成本,使原本高成本的微藻养殖成为可能。该文从微藻可利用的污水类型及对污水的净化效率、适应污水生长的微藻种类、微藻的采收以及污水养殖得到的藻粉用途等方面的研究进展进行概述,并对未来污水养殖微藻需要继续研究的方向进行了展望。     

Research progresses on the pathophysiology of hemorrhoidal diseases

Various hypotheses have been put forward to explain the pathogenesis of hemorrhoidal diseases. However, the etiology and mechanisms of hemorrhoids are far from clear, and as a consequence the present therapeutic objective is just to relieve or abolish the symptoms of hemorrhoids. In this review, the recent research advances on the pathophysiological characteristics that are closely associated with hemorrhoids are analyzed and discussed, which include constipation, high anal resting pressure, anal mucosa damage, aging of the anal cushion supporting tissue, blood and vessel alterations, obstruction of microcirculation and biochemical changes.     

Cell cycle arrest induced by hypoxia inducible factor-1 alpha in SW626 cell line of human ovarian cancer

AIM: To investigate the cell cycle arrest induced by hypoxia, hypoxia inducible factor-1 and their possible mechanism in human ovarian cancer cell line SW626. METHODS: CoCl2, a chemical inducer of hypoxia and hypoxic cell culture chamber were used to induce chemical and physical hypoxia in human ovarian cancer cell line SW626. The method of ‘decoy’ was used to block the function of HIF-1α because it acts as the core sequence of the target gene as a competitor combined to the HIF-1α. The cells were divided into group A1 (normal oxygen), A2 (normal oxygen plus HIF-1α decoy), B1 (CoCl2), B2 (CoCl2 plus HIF-1α decoy), C1 (hypoxia) and C2 (hypoxia plus HIF-1α). The expression of the HIF-1α protein, mRNA and cell cycle analysis were detected by Western blotting, RT-PCR and flow cytometry (FCM). RESULTS: The expression level of HIF-1α protein in group B1 (3.75±1.31) and group C1 (3.48±1.01) was significantly higher than that in group A1 (0.97±0.31) (P<0.05). The expression levels of HIF-1α mRNA in group A1 (0.65±0.32) and group B1 (0.64±0.34) were significantly lower than that in group C1 (1.28±0.62) (P<0.05). Decoy had no effect in the expression of HIF-1α protein and mRNA level (P>0.05). FCM showed that the G0/G1 phase was markedly increased in group B1 (81.78±24.33) and group C1 (77.62±22.76) and was significantly higher than that in group A1 (49.49±18.54) (P<0.05), group B2 (61.54±20.84) was lower than that in group B1 with statistical significance (P<0.05) and group C2 (56.03±21.42) was lower than that in group C1 with statistical significance (P<0.05) , but the difference between group A1 and group A2 (51.77±16.45) had no statistical significance (P>0.05). CONCLUSION: Both CoCl2 and physical hypoxia could distinctly induce cell cycle arrest in G0/G1 phase and the expression of HIF-1α in human ovarian cancer cell line SW626. HIF-1α plays an important role in cell cycle arrest induced by hypoxia in human ovarian cancer cell line SW626.