云南不同植烟区域硃砂烟叶外观质量和理化特性比较研究

为探究云南植烟区域对烤后硃砂烟叶质量的影响,运用统计性描述、主成分分析和聚类分析探讨了不同植烟区域硃砂烟叶外观质量和理化特性差异。结果表明,硃砂烟中部烟叶颜色和色度、上部烟叶外观质量指标受植烟区域的影响较大;中上部烟叶平衡含水率相对稳定,但叶面密度波动较大,其变异系数CV值分别为17.05%和20.52%;植烟区域对中上部烟叶化学成分也有较大影响,尤其是烟碱、新烟碱、假木贼碱和氯含量差异较大,其CV值高达32.89%~97.29%;主成分和聚类分析发现,滇中植烟区中上部外观质量、中部理化特性与其它烟区存在明显差异,表明滇中植烟区的中部硃砂烟叶具有明显区域特色。     

大豆异黄酮含量与品质性状相关性分析

大豆异黄酮是大豆中的重要成分,具有广泛的营养价值和保健作用。利用高效液相色谱技术（HPLC）检测了黑龙江省野生和栽培大豆252份种质资源的总异黄酮、大豆苷、染料木苷含量,同时检测了蛋白质和脂肪含量,分析了大豆异黄酮与大豆主要品质性状的相关性。结果表明：不同类型大豆种质异黄酮含量存在明显差异;大豆总异黄酮含量与蛋白质含量呈极显著负相关,与蛋白质和脂肪总含量也呈极显著负相关,与脂肪含量呈不明显正相关。     

厚层客土喷播基质中不同有机质添加物对护坡植物早期生长的影响

针对目前大量开挖草炭土用于厚层客土喷播绿化工程,导致严重破坏草炭富集区的植被,造成大量新裸露地的现状．本研究将3种不同的农业废弃物组合：Ⅱ、生玉米秸秆＋生活垃圾堆肥,Ⅲ、生玉米秸秆＋尿素堆肥,Ⅳ、生玉米秸秆来替代草炭土应用于厚层客土喷播绿化工程中,与草炭土（I）的绿化防护进行对比试验,对其理化性质及植物初期生长状况进行对比分析．结果表明,对照样方混合基质各项指标均满足植物正常生长所需的条件,植物早期生长状况良好,能达到有效代替草炭土的效果,具有较高的可行性．     

冬小麦品种的HMW-GS组成和1BL/1RS易位分布及其与品质性状的关系研究

研究了我国代表性冬小麦品种(系)高分子量麦谷蛋白亚基(HMW-GS)以及1BL/1RS易位的分布和组成,探讨了其对揉面仪特性等小麦加工品质性状的影响,结果表明:在Glu-A1位点,我国小麦品种中1亚基的频率为64.0%,N亚基为32.5%,2*亚基频率低,为3.5%;在Glu-B1位点,7 9亚基占56.8%,7 8亚基为26.4%,14 15亚基为10.7%,而20,13 16,7亚基的材料极少(频率分别为3.6%,1.5%和1%);在Glu-D1位点,2 12和4 12亚基合计占63.0%,而5 10亚基的比例偏低,为37.0%.1BL/1RS易位系的比例仍然偏高,为50.8%.HMW-GS组成及1BL/1RS易位对小麦加工品质影响较大,其中5 10亚基对小麦绝大多数加工品质指标起正向作用,而1BL/1RS易位对大多数品质指标起负向作用.因此,我国小麦品种5 10亚基的频率仍然偏低,1BL/1RS易位系频率仍然偏高,可能正是目前我国小麦生产中优质品种面筋强度不够,品质稳定性差的原因所在.根据SDS-PAGE麦谷蛋白电泳结果或分子标记进行优质高、低分子量麦谷蛋白亚基选择,提高5 10等优质亚基的比例,并根据醇溶蛋白电泳结果进行1BL/1RS易位筛选,降低1BL/1RS频率,应成为今后我国优质小麦育种的重要目标和手段之一.     

旋毛虫南阳猪体分离株的生物学特性研究

观测了旋毛虫南阳猪体分离株的形态大小,测定了其在小鼠和猪体中的繁殖力指数、雌虫体外产新生幼虫的能力和对低温的耐受性。测得该虫株雄成虫、雌成虫和发育充分的肌幼虫的长宽度分别为(1.415±0.164)mm×(0.048±0.014)mm,(2.627±0.246)mm×(0.056±0.018)mm和(1.112±0.185)mm×(0.038±0.013)mm;其在昆明小白鼠和三元杂交猪体中的繁殖力指数分别为(112.0±59.65)和142.5;平均每条雌虫体外产新生幼虫(56.76±5.13)条;在猪肉中的感染性肌幼虫置-32℃36 h或-22℃60 h即全部死亡。结果表明,该旋毛虫南阳猪体分离株的上述生物学特性与猪旋毛虫(T.spiralis)的特性相似。     

两种穗型冬小麦品种旗叶光合特性和水分利用对光强的响应

以超高产小麦兰考矮早八和豫麦49为材料,研究了开花期旗叶光合与水分利用对光强的响应。结果表明:开花期,随着光强的增加,旗叶光合速率(Pn)、气孔导度(Cond)、蒸腾速率(Tr)和水分利用率(WUE)均表现不同程度增大,超过一定的光强后反而下降;但胞间CO2浓度(Ci)随光强的增加而降低。与豫麦49相比,兰考矮早八在较高光强下旗叶仍表现出较高的光合特性与水分利用。     

苦瓜MAP30基因的克隆与载体构建

首先提取苦瓜的基因组DNA,然后根据Genbank中已公开发表的MAP30序列,设计一对特异引物MAP301,MAP302,并增添特异定位于内质网的小肽Kozak序列。采用PCR技术,从苦瓜的基因组DNA中扩增出一分子量为800bp左右的片段,回收克隆测序,结果表明,克隆获得片段与已公开发表的MAP30序列同源性达100%,将阳性克隆进行酶切,获得的目标片段与用同样酶切所获得的植物表达载体pEV1和pEV2大片段连接,酶切鉴定重组子构建成特异表达于果实的载体。     

小球藻水环境毒理学研究进展及应用前景

小球藻作为水体中的初级生产者,是水生生态系统不可或缺的一部分,对促进物质循环、能量流动有着重要意义,同时也是水环境毒理学评价的标准试验藻种。为了给小球藻的水生态风险评估及相应产品的开发提供参考数据,本文系统分析了小球藻培养影响因素,概括了其产生的毒理效应,并对其营养价值与应用前景等进行了综述。本文认为温度、光照、pH、营养盐、氮磷比是小球藻规模化培养过程中的影响因素,重金属、农药、新型纳米材料、抗生素等污染物可对小球藻产生毒性效应,小球藻在污水处理、生物能源等领域具有较好的应用前景。     

Change of synapsins in hippocampal formation during spacial learning and memory in rats

AIM and METHODS: The immunohistochemical method was used to study the on synapsin express in hippocampal formation during spatial learning and memory in rats.RESULTS: (1) In control group there are diffuse brown granules without any obvious granular product in hippocampal formation and in model group there are synapsin products in the hippocampal formation ,especially in the subregion CA3 , CA4 and the dentate gyrus after water maze trained for one week. After two weeks water maze trained the hippocampal formation appear the same distribution of the product granules with darker staining. (2) The light dendity of synapsin products between the model and the control groups showed significant differences, that in the model group was highter than that in the control group (P＜0.05). The light dendity of synapsin products increased with the training time from the first week to the second week in the model group. And there is no increase with the training time from the second week to the third week . The light dendity is higher in the CA3, CA4 subregion and the dentate gyrus than the CA1 and CA2 subregion (P＜0.05).CONCLUSIONS: (1) As mentioned above, it is believed that the new synapes are formed in the hippocampal formation of the rat by spacial learning and memory training. (2) The CA3, CA4 subregion and the dentate gyrus are correlated with the spacial learning and memory.     

Inducible nitric oxide synthase and arterial pressure regulation

AIM and METHODS:To clarify the role of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in the regulation of blood pressure,in the present study, we examined the effect of aminoguanidine (AG), a selective inhibitor of iNOS on the hemodinamical response of Dahl salt-sensitive (DS) and Dahl salt-resistant (DR) rats to low (0.3%) or high (8%) sodium chloride (NaCl) infusion by chronical in vivo hemodynamic experiment, and the effect of NaCl or NaCl plus AG infusion on urinary nitrate (NO₃)/nitrite (NO₂), the end product of nitric oxide (NO), excretion by Greiss Reaction. Furthermore, NOS activity assay was also carried out to probe the effect of NaCl and AG on calcium-dependent or independent NOS activity in renal tissue. RESULTS:1. High or low NaCl-infused DR rats and low NaCl-infused DS rats have no hemodinamical response to AG, however, the hypertensive effect of high NaCl (8%) infusion on DS rats were greatly amplified by co-infusion of AG. 2. Administration of high NaCl significantly elevated the iNOS activity of renal tissue, and greatly increased urinary NO₃/NO₂ excretion. CONCLUSION:Inducible NOS is an important modulator of arterial pressure, especially in case of higher blood pressure.