不同补饲水平对盘江黄牛放牧育肥效果的影响

选用60头盘江黄牛公牛,随机分为4个组(其中3个试验组1个对照组),在放牧情况下分别按每头每日2.0、2.5、3.0、0kg的水平补饲料料,90d的育肥结果表明：补饲组的增重水平和育肥效益,明显优于不补饲组,其中以补饲2.5kg组的效果最好,其日增重达到0.783kg,比对照组的0.231kg提高239%;育肥收入和日均收入分别为218.79元和2.43元,比对照组的145.53元和1.62元增加收入33.6%,表明放牧补饲能提高日增重,缩短养牛时间,增加养牛收。     

捕食线虫性真菌的分离培养技术与形态学

分离培养捕食线虫性真菌的最佳培养基为 0 .4g/ L 玉米粉琼脂培养基 (CMA) ;0 .4g/ L 玉米粉液体培养基可作为保存菌种培养基。在分离培养过程中 ,必须加入活的线虫第 3期幼虫 ,以诱导菌株产生捕食性器官——菌环、菌网 ,并与其他真菌鉴别。捕食线虫性真菌有菌丝和孢子 2种形态 ,其发育时期不同。本试验分离的少孢节丛孢菌(Arthrobotrys oligospora) ,菌丝发达 ,无色有隔 ,隔距不等 ;分生孢子梗直立不分支 ,分生孢子围绕着分生孢子梗呈轮状排列 ,似梅花瓣状 ,2层以上 ;孢子呈倒卵形 ,丰满无色 ,有横隔 ,游离端大而钝圆 ,梗端小而稍尖。     

湟源地区草场封育对牧草结构及产草量影响的研究

对寺寨牧场1997－2000年3年牧草结构及产草量进行了测定分析，结果表明，天然草场通过围栏封育比未封育草场牧草种类，高度，盖度，明显增加，产草量提高68．4％。     

小麦白粉病抗病材料的鉴定研究

１９９７－２０００年连续３年,利用陕西小麦白粉病茵模拟病圃混合茵系,对陕西等省新育成的２８０份小麦育种材料进行了苗期与成株期抗病性鉴定,筛选出对小麦白粉病茵高抗－免疫的育种亲本材料１２份,其中高抗材料２份为鉴４４和鉴４７;免疫材料１０份为鉴１９、鉴２０、鉴４０、鉴４６、鉴４９、８８（６０５）－１－５－１－２－２－１、保丰９４－６６、贵农２９和秦８１２０－２３－５－１８。这些材料表现稳定,可供抗白粉     

Overhead supplemental far-red light stimulates tomato growth under intra-canopy lighting with LEDs

Far-red(FR) light regulates phytochrome-mediated morphological and physiological plant responses.This study aims to investigate how greenhouse tomato morphology and production response to different durations of FR light during daytime and at the end of day(EOD).High-wire tomato plants were grown under intra-canopy lighting consisting of red(peak wavelength at 640 nm) and blue(peak wavelength at 450 nm) light-emitting diodes(LEDs) with photosynthetic photon flux density(PPFD) of 144 μmol m–2 s–1 at 10 cm away from the lamps,and combined with overhead supplemental FR light(peak wavelength at 735 nm) with PPFD of 43 μmol m–2 s–1 at 20 cm below the lamps.Plants were exposed to three durations of FR supplemental lighting including: 06:00–18:00(FR12),18:00–19:30(EOD-FR1.5),18:00–18:30(EOD-FR0.5),and control that without supplemental FR light.The results showed that supplemental FR light significantly stimulated stem elongation thereby resulting in longer plants compared with the control.Moreover,FR light altered leaf morphology toward higher leaf length/width ratio and larger leaf area.The altered plant architecture in FR supplemented plants led to a more homogeneous light distribution inside the canopy.Total plant biomass was increased by 9–16% under supplemental FR light in comparison with control,which led to 7–12% increase in ripe fruit yield.Soluble sugar content of the ripe tomato fruit was slightly decreased by longer exposure of the plants to FR light.Dry matter partitioning to different plant organs were not substantially affected by the FR light treatments.No significant differences were observed among the three FR light treatments in plant morphology as well as yield and biomass production.We conclude that under intra-canopy lighting,overhead supplemental FR light stimulates tomato growth and production.And supplementary of EOD-FR0.5 is more favorable,as it consumes less electricity but induces similar effects on plant morphology and yield.     

长沙市郊枫香人工林降水再分配及养分动态

采用定位试验研究方法对长沙市郊枫香人工林生态系统水文过程及养分动态进行了研究.结果表明：该森林生态系统春季平均降雨量为18.73 mm,其中以林冠穿透雨形式输入林地水量占降雨量的81.63%,以树干流形式输入林地水量占1.54%;树冠截留率随降雨量的增大而减小,平均树冠截留率为16.83%;在枫香人工林中,降水pH值的变化不大,且基本呈中性;养分元素质量浓度在各过程中变化不尽相同,Ca^2＋、K^＋质量浓度在穿透水和树干茎流中呈上升趋势,NH4^＋质量浓度在树干茎流中呈上升趋势,Zn^2＋、PO4^3-质量浓度呈下降趋势,Mg^2＋、Cu^2＋质量浓度变化不大.     

会宁县牛产业发展现状及对策

为明确会宁县牛产业发展现状,为下一步发展提供决策依据,对全县牛产业发展情况进行了全面调查,掌握了县内牛产业发展现状和存在的问题,经汇总、分析和讨论后提出了牛产业发展的一些意见和建议。     

Role of PPARα/PGC-1α in doxorubicin induced mouse dilated cardio-myopathy

AIM: To investigate the changes of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPAR)α/peroxisome proliferator activated receptor coactivator 1 alpha (PGC-1α) in doxorubicin (DOX) induced dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) and its effect on the energy metabolism and myocardial function in mice. METHODS: Forty mice were randomly divided into 4 groups: control group, DOX group, PPARα inhibitor group and PPARα agonist group. The DCM model was established by injection of DOX. The protein levels of PPARα/PGC-1α were detected. The PPARα inhibitor and PPARα agonist were used 2 weeks beforeinjection of DOX. The contents of adenine acid and phosphocreatine (Pcr) in the mitochondria were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The ANT activity was analyzed by the atractyloside-inhibitor stop technique. The changes of the echocardiography and hemodynamics were also observed. RESULTS: DOX induced DCM model was successfully established. The protein levels of PPARα and PGC-1α in control group were significantly higher than those in DOX group (P<0.05). Both of the high-energy phosphate contents and the transport activity of ANT were decreased in DOX group (P<0.05), and the hemodynamic parameters were disordered (P<0.01). Compared with DOX group, PPARα inhibitor pre-treatment significantly reduced the PPARα/PGC-1α expression. Meanwhile, high-energy phosphate contents in the mitochondria and the ANT transport activity of the mitochondria decreased, as well as the left ventricular function (P<0.05). On the other hand, PPARα agonist significantly increased the expression of PPARα and PGC-1α, and improved the transport activity of ANT. In addition, the hemodynamic parameters were ameliorated, but the high-energy phosphate contents of the mitochondria did not significantly change. CONCLUSION: PPARα/PGC-1α plays an important role in the regulation of ANT transport activity in dilated cardiomyopathy induced by DOX, and the activation of PPARα/PGC-1α has protective effects on the DCM induced by DOX.     

基于计算机视觉的害虫识别技术研究进展

害虫自动识别技术是实现农业现代化的关键。机器视觉技术在害虫识别上的应用促进了害虫自动识别技术的发展。为此,针对国内外在农业害虫识别领域的研究现状,全面、系统地分析了基于机器视觉技术的害虫识别研究进展及应用情况;同时,阐述了利用数学形态学法、二叉树法、人工神经网络等方法识别害虫的理论依据、研究情况及关键问题,指出了实现自动识别的前景及难点,以期促进该项技术在我国的应用。     

5个玉米人工合成群体选系的配合力分析

选用8个自交系为测验种,采用不完全双列杂交设计,对5个玉米人工合成群体新选的15个自交系的配合力、杂种优势以及主要性状遗传参数进行了分析。结果表明,单株产量GCA表现突出,且构成产量因子性状GCA表现也较好的新选自交系有GP2-1,GP5-2和GP5-5;SCA值高、杂种优势强的组合是48-2×GP3-3和ES40×GP1-2;在穗长、秃尖长、穗粗等12个性状中,亲本的基因加性效应对F1性状形成起主导作用,而穗重和单株产量的遗传变异主要来自于基因非加性效应。因此,对于高产组合的选配,至少要选择1个GCA高的材料作亲本,并在此基础上兼顾SCA的选择,而利用群体自交选系则应根据性状遗传特性决定其选择时期和选择强度。