云南楚雄州山羊焦虫病发生原因及防治对策探讨

山羊焦虫病是由焦虫寄生于山羊网状内皮细胞（红细胞、淋巴细胞）内引起的血液原虫性疾病,主要表现为持续高热,贫血,血液稀薄等,可引起大批死亡,直接威胁着养羊业的发展。焦虫在楚雄州某些地区的山羊中不同程度存在,可能由于品种特性（抵抗力）或产生带虫免疫,多表现为零星散发,往往忽视对该病的关注,直到从外地引入种羊时,出现羊群集中发病和死亡,经血液涂片染色检查发现虫体和采取相应的药物治疗控制本病后,才被证实山羊焦虫在楚雄州部分地区存在,这为山羊焦虫病的防治,保障楚雄州山羊生产的健康发展提供了科学依据。     

Research on the Antioxident Function of Sulforaphane on the Leydig Cells of Cadmium Exposured Mice

The study was aimed to explore the antioxident function of sulforaphane (SFN) on the leydig cells of cadmium (Cd) exposured mice.Cd and SFN were added to the cell culture medium of TM3 cell, half inhibitory concentration (IC₅₀) of Cd and SFN safe dose range were determined.The tested model was set up,and the relative survival rate of TM3 cells, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity and cell antioxidant levels were determined to study the antioxident function of SFN to cadmium exposured mice.The results showed that:①With the increase of Cd concentration,the relative survival rate of TM3 cells was decreased,and the IC₅₀ of Cd was 51.4 μmol/L;Within a certain concentration range,SFN could increased the cells survive rate,but there was toxicity when the SFN concentration was more than the scope,and the greater the concentration,the greater the toxicity. At experimental condition,SFN safety concentration were 2.5,5 and 10 μmol/L.②Compared with the control group,the GSH content,the T-SOD and GSH-Px activities in Cd group were significantly or extremely significantly decreased (P < 0.05;P < 0.01),and the LDH activity,the MDA content were increased.Additionally,the LDH activity and MDA content of SFN groups were decreased,while others three indexes were increased. Compared with Cd group,the GSH content,the T-SOD and GSH-Px activities of Cd+SFN groups were significantly or extremely significantly increased (P < 0.05;P < 0.01),however,the LDH activity,MDA content were decreased. The result indicated that SFN had the antagonism effect on toxicity of Cd in TM3 cell.     

四种草坪草种子萌发特性和混播技术研究

对四种草坪草种子进行了萌发特性测定及预萌发和镇压对建坪影响。结果表明 :四种草坪草幼苗的生活力强弱依次为意大利黑麦草 >紫羊茅 >高狐茅 >亨特草地早熟禾 ;预萌发与直播在出苗率、生物量和枝条数上都表现出显著差异 (P≤ 0 .0 5 ) ,镇压与不镇压差异不显著 (P≥ 0 .0 5 )。采用预萌发技术建植草坪有利于提高建坪速度和建坪质量。     

苗期施用钠复合肥增强梭梭抗逆性的初步研究

利用盆栽育苗的方法,施用钠复合肥后培育梭梭植株,使其正常生长70 d后干旱20 d进行沙地移栽试验,3个月后生长期结束测定其形态指标、生物量以及Na⁺和K⁺含量,初步探讨了钠复合肥在培育强抗旱梭梭植株方面所起的作用。与对照(不施任何肥料)和施用(NH₄)₂HPO₄(与钠复合肥含等量的N、P)的处理相比,施用钠复合肥的梭梭株高分别增加了26%和12%;分枝数增加了22%和14%;主茎直径分别增加了48%和23%、主根直径分别增加了37%和24%;冠幅分别增加了57%和28%;根冠比均增加了18%;鲜重分别增加了130%和74%、干重分别增加了154%和74%;地上部的Na⁺含量分别增加了45%和38%,根中的Na⁺含量分别增加了15%和12%;地上部中的K⁺含量差异不显著,根中K⁺含量分别降低了28%和31%。以上结果表明,钠复合肥的施用能有效地促进梭梭的生长并提高其抗旱能力。     

性成熟前小鼠生精细胞的发育过程

用光镜、电镜观察了生后 1～ 1 8d昆明白小鼠的生精上皮。结果显示 ,生后 1～ 3 d,曲细精管内只有生殖母细胞和支持细胞 2类形态结构截然不同的细胞 ,前者位于管中部 ;生后 4～ 5d,少数生殖母细胞已附着在基膜上 ;生后 6～ 7d,原始 A型精原细胞大量出现并附着在基膜上 ;生后 8d,A型精原干细胞大量出现 ,B型精原细胞开始出现 ;生后 1 0 d,B型精原细胞大量出现 ;生后 1 2～ 1 3 d,前初级精母细胞出现 ,少数曲细精管的管腔开始出现 ;生后 1 4～ 1 5d,多数曲细精管管腔基本形成 ,前初级精母细胞大量出现。本试验的结果表明 ,7～ 8d小鼠的睾丸最适于分离精原干细胞     

江西地方品种水牛产肉性能及肉品质分析研究

对18～24月龄鄱阳湖、峡江和信丰山地3个江西地方品种水牛各3头,进行肉用性能和牛肉主要营养养分的测定分析。结果表明,水牛肌肉肉色符合标准,且无PSE肉、DFD肉产生,符合优质肉牛标准;鄱阳湖水牛的胴体重、净肉重、胴体产肉率、Fe含量、Zn含量较高,显著高于信丰山地水牛（P<0.05）;鄱阳湖水牛18种氨基酸含量除酪氨酸外均高于其它2个地方品种,其中天门冬氨酸、谷氨酸、丝氨酸、脯氨酸、丙氨酸、亮氨酸及胱氨酸含量显著高于信丰山地水牛（P<0.05）,鲜味氨基酸、甜鲜味氨基酸含量显著高于信丰山地水牛（P<0.05）;牛肉脂肪酸中花生酸含量在品种间存在显著差异（P<0.05）,而其它各种脂肪酸含量、硬脂肪酸总含量和不饱和脂肪总含量在品种间均无显著差异（P>0.05）。     

黑龙江省东南部林区6种啮齿动物食性分析

为了准确掌握黑龙江省东南部地区对农林危害比较严重的啮齿动物的食性及食物量,以便更好地、有针对性地灭鼠,从而为林业部门预防鼠害提供科学依据,于2010年3月—2011年1月通过实地考察,对捕获的鼠进行解剖,并结合实验室喂养进行食物量测定。结果表明,种子和浆果是树栖型种类啮齿动物的主要食物,约占70%左右;而地栖型种类啮齿动物的食物存在明显的季节性和地域性差异。     

研究型学院本科毕业论文工作改革研究

本科毕业论文工作是研究型学院发展研究型教学的重要组成部分,是培养本科生自主学习能力和创新能力的重要途径。根据研究型学院教学改革思路和毕业论文工作中存在的问题对研究型学院本科毕业论文进行了改革研究。     

Analysis of Rumen Microbial Diversity and Functional Prediction of Chinese Simmental Cattle Based on 16S rRNA High-throughput Sequencing Technology

To systematically explore the microbial diversity and function in the rumen of Chinese Simmental cattle,this experiment used 16S rRNA gene high-throughput sequencing technology to detect and analyze the rumen fluid samples of Simmental cattle (about 20 months old,the average weight was 550 kg),and its function was predicted by PICRUSt.The results showed that a total of 66 712 high-quality sequences were obtained from the Illumina Miseq sequencing platform,and 1 797 operational classification units (OTU) were obtained by cluster analysis.The taxonomic identification was divided into 13 phylums,20 classes,22 orders,33 families and 59 genuses;Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes were dominant bacteria,accounting for 62.46% and 22.45%,respectively;Based on the genus composition,[Eubacterium]_coprostanoligenes_group (9.16%),Ruminococcus_2 (7.90%),norank_f__Bacteroidales_RF16_group(6.23%),norank_f__Ruminococcaceae(4.79%),Rikenellaceae_RC9_gut_group(4.72%),norank_f_Bacteroidales_BS11_gut_group(4.49%),Ruminococcus_1(4.43%),etc.The PICRUSt function of the 16S rRNA genome predicted that the rumen flora function was mainly concentrated in carbohydrate transport and metabolism,and might contain a large amount of cellulose and lignin degrading enzyme genes.In summary,the high-throughput sequencing technology based on 16S rRNA gene fully revealed the diversity of rumen bacteria in Simmental cattle,and predicted that it was rich in protein decomposition and lignocellulose degrading enzymes.The basis of microbial cognition provided a reference for further research on rumen microbial functional genes closely related to some important nutritional and physiological functions.